Details of the Researcher

PHOTO

Thyreau Benjamin Guillaume Julien
Section
Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer
Job title
Assistant Professor

Research Interests 1

  • MRI Deep-Learning Machine-Learning Neuroimaging

Research Areas 1

  • Informatics / Biological, health, and medical informatics /

Papers 78

  1. Deep learning-derived magnetic resonance imaging masseter muscle volume is associated with oral impairment and cognitive frailty in older Japanese adults

    Liying Chen, Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yingxu Liu, Ken Takeda, Taizen Nakase, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Tatsuya Mikami, Yoshihiro Tamura, Wataru Kobayashi, Koichi Murashita, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yasuyuki Taki

    Experimental Gerontology　224　113302-113302　2026/10

    Publisher: Elsevier BV

    DOI： 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113302 　

    ISSN： 0531-5565

  2. From the plate to the brain: associations between dietary patterns and reduced dementia prevalence and white matter lesions in older Japanese adults. International-journal

    Liying Chen, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Kazuhiro Uchida, Hikari Iki, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Tetsuya Maeda, Kenjiro Ono, Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Jun-Ichi Iga, Minoru Takebayashi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yasuyuki Taki

    GeroScience　2025/07/29

    DOI： 10.1007/s11357-025-01791-7 　

  3. Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD

    Naoki Ishizuka, Hiroshi Akasaka, Mitsunobu Sato, Yuriko Sato, Kazuki Hosokawa, Junko Takahashi, Hisashi Yonezawa, Yasuo Terayama, Tomoyuki Ohara, Takanori Honda, Mao Shibata, Jun Hata, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yasuyuki Taki, Tatsuya Mikami, Kenjiro Ono, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Jun-ichi Iga, Minoru Takebayashi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Tetsuya Maeda, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Mao Shibata, Takanori Honda, Jun Hata, Tomoyuki Ohara, Masato Akiyama, Tetsuya Maeda, Naoki Ishizuka, Hiroshi Akasaka, Junko Takahashi, Hisashi Yonezawa, Yasuo Terayama, Yasuyuki Taki, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Tatsuya Mikami, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Koichi Murashita, Kaori Sawada, Shintaro Yokoyama, Kenjiro Ono, Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Kazuo Iwasa, Sohshi Yuki-Nozaki, Masahito Yamada, Masaru Mimura, Shogyoku Bun, Hidehito Niimura, Ryo Shikimoto, Hisashi Kida, Kenji Nakashima, Yasuyo Fukada, Hisanori Kowa, Toshiya Nakano, Kenji Wada, Masafumi Kishi, Jun-ichi Iga, Tomoki Ozaki, Ayumi Tachibana, Yuta Yoshino, Shu-ichi Ueno, Minoru Takebayashi, Naoto Kajitani, Yusuke Miyagawa, Tomohisa Ishikawa, Seiji Yuki, Ryuji Fukuhara, Asuka Koyama, Mamoru Hashimoto, Manabu Ikeda, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Kazuhiro Uchida, Midori Esaki, Hisako Yoshida, Kaori Muto, Yusuke Inoue, Izen Ri, Yukihide Momozawa, Chikashi Terao, Michiaki Kubo, Yutaka Kiyohara

    Scientific Reports　15　(1)　2025/06/04

    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

    DOI： 10.1038/s41598-025-04659-0 　

    eISSN： 2045-2322

  4. The neural basis of coping strategies for boredom and their association with creativity

    Sugiko Hanawa, Takayuki Nozawa, Motoaki Sugiura, Rui Nouchi, Ryoichi Yokoyama, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuka Kotozaki, Tsuyoshi Araki, Ryuta Kawashima

    Thinking Skills and Creativity　101794-101794　2025/02

    DOI： 10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101794 　

    ISSN： 1871-1871

  5. Beneficial Effects of a 26-Week Exercise Intervention Using IoT Devices on Cognitive Function and Health Indicators

    Keishi Soga, Akira Higuchi, Naoki Tomita, Koki Kobayashi, Hiroki Kataoka, Aizhan Imankulova, Carlos Salazar, Benjamin Thyreau, Shota Nakamura, Yuki Tsushita, Akiyoshi Uchiyama, Yasuyuki Taki

    Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise　2025/01/20

    DOI： 10.1007/s42978-024-00321-9 　

    ISSN： 2096-6709

    eISSN： 2662-1371

  6. Influence of intergenerational social mobility on brain structure and global cognition: findings from the Whitehall II study across 20 years. International-journal

    Yingxu Liu, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuehua Cui, Ye Zhang, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yasuyuki Taki

    Age and ageing　53　(10)　2024/10/01

    DOI： 10.1093/ageing/afae221 　

  7. Glucose metabolism and smaller hippocampal volume in elderly people with normal cognitive function. International-journal

    Ayano Shima, Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Shutaro Shibata, Yuta Usui, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Jun Hata, Tomoyuki Ohara, Takanori Honda, Yasuyuki Taki, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Tetsuya Maeda, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Jun-Ichi Iga, Minoru Takebayashi, Hisao Nishijo, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Kenjiro Ono

    npj aging　10　(1)　39-39　2024/09/09

    DOI： 10.1038/s41514-024-00164-2 　

  8. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and dementia in a community-dwelling Japanese older population (JPSC-AD)

    benjamin thyreau

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS　2024

    DOI： 10.1038/S41598-024-57922-1 　

  9. Longitudinal loneliness changes are associated with cognitive decline and brain structure alterations: evidence from the Whitehall II cohort study

    benjamin thyreau

    ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA　2024

    DOI： 10.1002/ALZ.084884 　

  10. Masseter muscle volume measured by MRI correlated with cognitive function in a memory clinic

    Michiho Muranaka, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Maya Sakamoto, Yumi Takano, Shuzo Yamamoto, Naoki Tomita, Taizen Nakase, Yasuyuki Taki

    Alzheimer's & Dementia　19　(S15)　2023/12/25

    Publisher: Wiley

    DOI： 10.1002/alz.075877 　

    ISSN： 1552-5260

    eISSN： 1552-5279

    More details Close

    Abstract Background “Oral frailty” which indicates a decline in oral function, has been focused on the fact that it can also affect cognitive function in the elderly population. Although Several studies have been attempted for establishing the utility of the cross‐sectional area or volume of masticatory muscles as objective indices reflecting oral frailty, no report has examined the relationship between masticatory muscles volume and cognitive function in detail. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between size of masseter muscle, one of major masticatory muscles, and cognitive function in the elderly. Method A total of 349 subjects (mean age 77.3 +/‐ 9.2 years, 126 males and 223 females, 58 with subjective cognitive impairment, 88 with mild cognitive impairment, and 203 with dementia), who visited the Memory clinic of Tohoku University Hospital with a chief complaint of forgetfulness by March 2018 were included. Using 3D T1‐weighted images acquired on a 3‐Tesla MRI system, the bilateral masseter muscle cross‐sectional area was automatically calculated for all subjects using a custom deep‐learning image‐processing model trained on a subset of subjects to identify the relevant muscles and consistent section. Then, partial correlations with the MMSE score were conducted, adjusting for age and gender. Result The mean left and right masseter muscle cross‐sectional area are 399.3±84.7mm2 in subjective cognitive impairment, 387.9±106.5 mm2 in mild cognitive impairment, and 355.1±88.4 mm2 in dementia, respectively (p < 0.01). Adjusted for age and sex, they showed a significant correlation with MMSE (R = 0.151, p < 0.01). For post‐hoc stratified analysis, there was a significant correlation between mean masseter muscle cross‐sectional area and MMSE with female patients (R = 0.049, p < 0.05), whereas no correlation with male patients after adjusted age (R = 0.025, p > 0.05). Conclusion Our result revealed that the masseter muscle cross‐sectional area obtained from MRI may be related to cognitive function in the patients with complaint of forgetfulness. Therefore the masticatory function may reflect cognitive function in the elderly who are vulnerable in their memory, and the cross‐sectional area of masseter muscle based on MRI could be a potential indicator for predicting dementia risk.

  11. Association between Gray and White Matter Lesions and Its Involvement in Clinical Symptoms of Alzheimer's-Type Dementia. International-journal

    Taizen Nakase, Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuko Tatewaki, Naoki Tomita, Yumi Takano, Michiho Muranaka, Yasuyuki Taki

    Journal of clinical medicine　12　(24)　2023/12/12

    DOI： 10.3390/jcm12247642 　

  12. 白質病変の定量化による日本人大規模高齢者集団の食事パターンと認知症に関する研究

    陳 俐穎, 舘脇 康子, Thyreau Benjamin, 内田 和宏, 壹岐 ひかり, 中瀬 泰然, 中路 重之, 前田 哲也, 野口 もえ子[篠原], 三村 將, 中島 健二, 伊賀 淳一, 竹林 実, 二宮 利治, 瀧 靖之

    Dementia Japan　37　(4)　666-666　2023/10

    Publisher: (一社)日本認知症学会

    ISSN： 1342-646X

  13. Late-Life High Blood Pressure and Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Putaminal Regions of Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Persons. International-journal

    Ayumi Tachibana, Jun-Ichi Iga, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Hongkun Chen, Tomoki Ozaki, Taku Yoshida, Yuta Yoshino, Hideaki Shimizu, Takaaki Mori, Yoshihiko Furuta, Mao Shibata, Tomoyuki Ohara, Jun Hata, Yasuyuki Taki, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Tetsuya Maeda, Kenjiro Ono, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Minoru Takebayashi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Shu-Ichi Ueno

    Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology　37　(1)　8919887231195235-8919887231195235　2023/08/03

    DOI： 10.1177/08919887231195235 　

  14. Tohoku Medical Megabank Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study: Rationale, Design, and Background Peer-reviewed

    Makiko Taira, Shunji Mugikura, Naoko Mori, Atsushi Hozawa, Tomo Saito, Tomohiro Nakamura, Hideyasu Kiyomoto, Tadao Kobayashi, Soichi Ogishima, Fuji Nagami, Akira Uruno, Ritsuko Shimizu, Tomoko Kobayashi, Jun Yasuda, Shigeo Kure, Miyuki Sakurai, Ikuko N. Motoike, Kazuki Kumada, Naoki Nakaya, Taku Obara, Kentaro Oba, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Benjamin Thyreau, Tatsushi Mutoh, Yuji Takano, Mitsunari Abe, Norihide Maikusa, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yasuyuki Taki, Nobuo Yaegashi, Hiroaki Tomita, Kengo Kinoshita, Shinichi Kuriyama, Nobuo Fuse, Masayuki Yamamoto

    JMA Journal　6　(3)　246-264　2023/07

    DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2022-0220 　

    ISSN： 2433-328X

    eISSN： 2433-3298

  15. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. International-journal

    Taizen Nakase, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Hayato Odagiri, Naoki Tomita, Shuzo Yamamoto, Yumi Takano, Michiho Muranaka, Yasuyuki Taki

    Alzheimer's research & therapy　15　(1)　15-15　2023/01/13

    DOI： 10.1186/s13195-023-01165-1 　

  16. A longitudinal resource for population neuroscience of school-age children and adolescents in China

    benjamin thyreau

    SCIENTIFIC DATA　2023

    DOI： 10.1038/S41597-023-02377-8 　

  17. Association between cortical lesions and white matter lesions in clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

    benjamin thyreau

    JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES　2023

    DOI： 10.1016/J.JNS.2023.121431 　

  18. Impact of hs-CRP concentration on brain structure alterations and cognitive trajectory in Alzheimer's disease. International-journal

    Ye Zhang, Yasuko Tatewaki, Taizen Nakase, Yingxu Liu, Naoki Tomita, Benjamin Thyreau, Haixia Zheng, Michiho Muranaka, Yumi Takano, Tatsuo Nagasaka, Yasuyuki Taki

    Frontiers in aging neuroscience　15　1227325-1227325　2023

    DOI： 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1227325 　

  19. Impact of constipation on progression of Alzheimer's disease: A retrospective study. International-journal

    Taizen Nakase, Yasuko Tatewaki, Benjamin Thyreau, Tatsushi Mutoh, Naoki Tomita, Shuzo Yamamoto, Yumi Takano, Michiho Muranaka, Yasuyuki Taki

    CNS neuroscience & therapeutics　28　(12)　1964-1973　2022/12

    DOI： 10.1111/cns.13940 　

  20. MRI画像を用いて測定した咬筋断面積と物忘れ患者の認知機能の相関に関する検討

    村中 美千帆, 舘脇 康子, Benjamin Thyreau, 阪本 真弥, 高野 由美, 山本 修三, 冨田 尚希, 中瀬 泰然, 瀧 靖之

    老年精神医学雑誌　33　(増刊II)　265-265　2022/11

    Publisher: (株)ワールドプランニング

    ISSN： 0915-6305

  21. MRI画像を用いて測定した咬筋断面積と物忘れ患者の認知機能の相関に関する検討

    村中 美千帆, 舘脇 慶子, Benjamin Thyreau, 阪本 真弥, 高野 由美, 山本 修三, 冨田 尚希, 中瀬 泰然, 瀧 靖之

    Dementia Japan　36　(4)　761-761　2022/10

    Publisher: (一社)日本認知症学会

    ISSN： 1342-646X

  22. 深層学習によるMRI画像からの咬筋測定プログラム開発及び疫学的意義に関する初期検討

    武田 研, 舘脇 康子, Benjamin Thyreau, 村中 美千帆, 阪本 真弥, 二宮 利治, 瀧 靖之

    Dementia Japan　36　(4)　779-779　2022/10

    Publisher: (一社)日本認知症学会

    ISSN： 1342-646X

  23. 緑内障患者の眼科指標と脳海馬体積との関連に関する検討

    山田 晃生, 舘脇 康子, 面高 宗子, 松平 泉, Benjamin Thyreau, 瀧 靖之, 中澤 徹

    日本緑内障学会抄録集　33回　86-86　2022/09

    Publisher: 日本緑内障学会

  24. Higher-resolution quantification of white matter hypointensities by large-scale transfer learning from 2D images on the JPSC-AD cohort International-journal

    Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuko Tatewaki, Liying Chen, Yuji Takano, Naoki Hirabayashi, Yoshihiko Furuta, Jun Hata, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Tetsuya Maeda, Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Masaru Mimura, Kenji Nakashima, Takaaki Mori, Minoru Takebayashi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yasuyuki Taki

    HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING　43　(13)　3998-4012　2022/09

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.25899 　

    ISSN： 1065-9471

    eISSN： 1097-0193

  25. Association of the prefrailty with global brain atrophy and white matter lesions among cognitively unimpaired older adults: the Nakajima study. International-journal

    Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Kenjiro Ono, Sohshi Yuki-Nozaki, Kazuo Iwasa, Masami Yokogawa, Kiyonobu Komai, Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yasuyuki Taki, Mao Shibata, Tomoyuki Ohara, Jun Hata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Masahito Yamada

    Scientific reports　12　(1)　12129-12129　2022/08/01

    DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-16190-7 　

  26. Impact of Catheter Ablation on Brain Microstructure and Blood Flow Alterations for Cognitive Improvements in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Pilot Longitudinal Study. International-journal

    Yasuko Tatewaki, Tatsushi Mutoh, Hirokazu Sato, Akiko Kobayashi, Tomoko Totsune, Benjamin Thyreau, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Taizen Nakase, Tetsuo Yagi, Yasuyuki Taki

    Journal of clinical medicine　11　(15)　2022/07/26

    DOI： 10.3390/jcm11154346 　

  27. 【あなたはAI好きですか?】BrainSuite(ブレーンスイート) 脳ドック等で簡便に利用できるAI画像解析サービスの紹介

    樋口 彰, Thyreau Benjamin, 瀧 靖之

    Rad Fan　20　(7)　45-48　2022/06

    Publisher: (株)メディカルアイ

    ISSN： 1348-3498

  28. アルツハイマー型認知症の進行に影響する心房細動についての検討

    中瀬 泰然, 舘脇 康子, Thyreau Benjamin, 武藤 達士, 冨田 尚希, 山本 修三, 高野 由美, 村中 美千帆, 瀧 靖之

    日本老年医学会雑誌　59　(Suppl.)　104-104　2022/05

    Publisher: (一社)日本老年医学会

    ISSN： 0300-9173

  29. Altruistic Social Activity, Depressive Symptoms, and Brain Regional Gray Matter Volume: Voxel-Based Morphometry Analysis from 8695 Old Adults International-journal

    Yingxu Liu, Ye Zhang, Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuko Tatewaki, Izumi Matsudaira, Yuji Takano, Naoki Hirabayashi, YoshihikTo Furuta, Hata Jun, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yasuyuki Taki

    The Journals of Gerontology: Series A　77　(9)　1789-1797　2022/04/20

    DOI： 10.1093/gerona/glac093 　

    ISSN： 1079-5006

    eISSN： 1758-535X

  30. Impact of medium-chain triglycerides on gait performance and brain metabolic network in healthy older adults: a double-blind, randomized controlled study International-journal

    Tatsushi Mutoh, Keiko Kunitoki, Yasuko Tatewaki, Shuzo Yamamoto, Benjamin Thyreau, Izumi Matsudaira, Ryuta Kawashima, Yasuyuki Taki

    GeroScience　44　(3)　1325-1338　2022/04/05

    DOI： 10.1007/s11357-022-00553-z 　

    ISSN： 2509-2715

    eISSN： 2509-2723

  31. WOMEN AT RISK: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, LIFESTYLE FACTORS, AND BRAIN VULNERABILITY AMONG JAPANESE AND SWEDISH FEMALE

    benjamin thyreau

    INNOVATION IN AGING　2022

  32. Brain charts for the human lifespan

    benjamin thyreau

    NATURE　2022

    DOI： 10.1038/S41586-022-04554-Y 　

  33. Brain charts for the human lifespan (vol 604, pg 525, 2022)

    benjamin thyreau

    NATURE　2022

    DOI： 10.1038/S41586-022-05300-0 　

  34. アルツハイマー病の進行に関与する便秘の影響についての検討

    中瀬 泰然, 舘脇 康子, Thyreau Benjamin, 武藤 達士, 冨田 尚希, 山本 修三, 高野 由美, 村中 美千帆, 瀧 靖之

    Dementia Japan　35　(4)　614-614　2021/10

    Publisher: (一社)日本認知症学会

    ISSN： 1342-646X

  35. 認知症病態に関わる心房細動の影響についての検討

    中瀬 泰然, 竹石 潤平, 舘脇 康子, Benjamin Thyreau, 武藤 達士, 冨田 尚希, 山本 修三, 高野 由美, 村中 美千帆, 瀧 靖之

    Dementia Japan　35　(4)　620-620　2021/10

    Publisher: (一社)日本認知症学会

    ISSN： 1342-646X

  36. Differential predictors for alcohol use in adolescents as a function of familial risk

    benjamin thyreau

    TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY　2021

    DOI： 10.1038/S41398-021-01260-7 　

  37. Voxel-Based Morphometry Reveals a Correlation Between Bone Mineral Density Loss and Reduced Cortical Gray Matter Volume in Alzheimer’s Disease International-journal

    Yumi Takano, Yasuko Tatewaki, Tatsushi Mutoh, Naoya Morota, Izumi Matsudaira, Benjamin Thyreau, Tatsuo Nagasaka, Hayato Odagiri, Shuzo Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Arai, Yasuyuki Taki

    Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience　12　178-178　2020/06/17

    DOI： 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00178 　

    eISSN： 1663-4365

  38. Learning a cortical parcellation of the brain robust to the MRI segmentation with convolutional neural networks. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Benjamin Thyreau, Yasuyuki Taki

    Medical image analysis　61　101639-101639　2020/04

    Publisher: Elsevier {BV}

    DOI： 10.1016/j.media.2020.101639 　

    More details Close

    The parcellation of the human cortex into meaningful anatomical units is a common step of various neuroimaging studies. There have been multiple successful efforts to process magnetic resonance (MR) brain images automatically and identify specific anatomical regions, following atlases defined from cortical landmarks. Those definitions usually rely first on a high-quality brain surface reconstruction. On the other hand, when high accuracy is not a requirement, simpler methods based on warping a probabilistic atlas have been widely adopted. Here, we develop a cortical parcellation method for MR brain images based on Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets), a machine-learning method, with the goal of automatically transferring the knowledge obtained from surface analyses onto something directly applicable on simpler volume data. We train a ConvNet on a large (thousand) set of cortical ribbons of multiple MRI cohorts, to reproduce parcellations obtained from a surface method, in this case FreeSurfer. Further, to make the model applicable in a broader context, we force the model to generalize to unseen segmentations. The model is evaluated on unseen data of unseen cohorts. We characterize the behavior of the model during learning, and quantify its reliance on the dataset itself, which tends to give support for the necessity of large training sets, augmentation, and multiple contrasts. Overall, ConvNets can provide an efficient way to parcel MRI images, following the guidance established within more complex methods, quickly and accurately. The trained model is embedded within a open-source parcellation tool available at https://github.com/bthyreau/parcelcortex.

  39. Heavy drinking in adolescents is associated with change in brainstem microstructure and reward sensitivity

    benjamin thyreau

    ADDICTION BIOLOGY　2020

    DOI： 10.1111/ADB.12781 　

  40. ヒト頭蓋のサイズおよび形態のゲノムワイド関連解析

    座間味 夏帆, 木村 亮介, 石田 肇, 瀧 靖之, 竹内 光, Thyreau Benjamin, 今西 規

    琉球医学会誌　39　(1-4)　95-95　2020

    Publisher: 琉球医学会

    ISSN： 1346-888X

  41. Morphological prediction of glaucoma by quantitative analyses of ocular shape and volume using 3-dimensional T2-weighted MR images. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuko Tatewaki, Tatsushi Mutoh, Kazuko Omodaka, Benjamin Thyreau, Izumi Matsudaira, Hiroaki Furukawa, Keiji Yamada, Keiko Kunitoki, Ryuta Kawashima, Toru Nakazawa, Yasuyuki Taki

    Scientific reports　9　(1)　15148-15148　2019/10/22

    DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-51611-0 　

  42. Pubertal maturation and sex effects on the default-mode network connectivity implicated in mood dysregulation

    Ernst, M., Benson, B., Artiges, E., Gorka, A.X., Lemaitre, H., Lago, T., Miranda, R., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A.L.W., Bromberg, U., Br{\"u}hl, R., B{\"u}chel, C., Cattrell, A., Conrod, P., Desrivi{\`e}res, S., Fadai, T., Flor, H., Grigis, A., Gallinat, J., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Grimmer, Y., Heinz, A., Kappel, V., Nees, F., Papadopoulos-Orfanos, D., Penttil{\"a}, J., Poustka, L., Smolka, M.N., Stringaris, A., Struve, M., van Noort, B.M., Walter, H., Whelan, R., Schumann, G., Grillon, C., Martinot, M.-L.P., Martinot, J.-L., Dalley, J., Subramaniam, N., Theobald, D., Bach, C., Barker, G.J., Fauth-B{\"u}hler, M., Millenet, S., Spanagel, R., Albrecht, L., Ivanov, N., Rapp, M., Reuter, J., Strache, N., Str{\"o}hle, A., Poline, J.B., Schwartz, Y., Thyreau, B., Ireland, J., Rogers, J., Bordas, N., Bricaud, Z., Filippi, I., Galinowski, A., Gollier-Briant, F., Hall, D., Havatzias, S., Jia, T., Mallik, C., Nymberg, C., Ruggeri, B., Smith, L., Stueber, K., Topper, L., Werts, H., Br{\"u}hl, R., Ihlenfeld, A., Walaszek, B., H{\"u}bner, T., M{\"u}ller, K., Paus, T., Ripke, S., Mennigen, E., Schmidt, D., Vetter, N.C., Ziesch, V., Carter, D., Connolly, C., Nugent, S., Jones, J., Yacubian, J., Schneider, S., Head, K., Heym, N., Newman, C., Pausova, Z., Tahmasebi, A., Stephens, D.

    Translational Psychiatry　9　(1)　2019

    DOI： 10.1038/s41398-019-0433-6 　

  43. Low Smoking Exposure, the Adolescent Brain, and the Modulating Role of CHRNA5 Polymorphisms

    Chaarani, B., Kan, K.-J., Mackey, S., Spechler, P.A., Potter, A., Orr, C., D{'}Alberto, N., Hudson, K.E., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A.L.W., Bromberg, U., B{\"u}chel, C., Cattrell, A., Conrod, P.J., Desrivi{\`e}res, S., Flor, H., Frouin, V., Gallinat, J., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., Martinot, J.-L., Nees, F., Papadopoulos-Orfanos, D., Paus, T., Poustka, L., Smolka, M.N., Walter, H., Whelan, R., Higgins, S.T., Schumann, G., Althoff, R.R., Stein, E.A., Garavan, H., Mann, K., Struve, M., Rietschel, M., Spanagel, R., Fauth-B{\"u}hler, M., Millenet, S., Grimmer, Y., Ivanov, N., Strache, N., Rapp, M., Str{\"o}hle, A., Reuter, J., Barbot, A., Thyreau, B., Schwartz, Y., Lalanne, C., Bricaud, Z., Briand, F.G., Lemaitre, H., Massicotte, J., Vulser, H., Pentill{\"a}, J., Galinowski, A., Jia, T., Werts, H., Topper, L., Reed, L., Andrew, C., Mallik, C., Ruggeri, B., Nymberg, C., Smith, L., Loth, E., Havatzias, S., Stueber, K., Stringaris, A., Constant, P., Br{\"u}hl, R., Ihlenfeld, A., Walaszek, B., H{\"u}bner, T., M{\"u}ller, K., Ripke, S., Rodehacke, S., Mennigen, E., Schmidt, D., Vetter, N., Ziesch, V., Jones, J., Poline, J.-B., Fadai, T., Yacubian, J., Schneider, S., Lawrence, C., Newman, C., Head, K., Heym, N., Pausova, Z., Tahmasebi, A.

    Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging　4　(7)　2019

    DOI： 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.02.006 　

  44. Comparing fully automated state-of-the-art cerebellum parcellation from magnetic resonance images. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Aaron Carass, Jennifer L Cuzzocreo, Shuo Han, Carlos R Hernandez-Castillo, Paul E Rasser, Melanie Ganz, Vincent Beliveau, Jose Dolz, Ismail Ben Ayed, Christian Desrosiers, Benjamin Thyreau, José E Romero, Pierrick Coupé, José V Manjón, Vladimir S Fonov, D Louis Collins, Sarah H Ying, Chiadi U Onyike, Deana Crocetti, Bennett A Landman, Stewart H Mostofsky, Paul M Thompson, Jerry L Prince

    NeuroImage　183　150-172　2018/12

    DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.003 　

    ISSN： 1053-8119

  45. The initiation of cannabis use in adolescence is predicted by sex-specific psychosocial and neurobiological features

    Spechler, P.A., Allgaier, N., Chaarani, B., Whelan, R., Watts, R., Orr, C., Albaugh, M.D., D{'}Alberto, N., Higgins, S.T., Hudson, K.E., Mackey, S., Potter, A., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A.L.W., Bromberg, U., B{\"u}chel, C., Cattrell, A., Conrod, P.J., Desrivi{\`e}res, S., Flor, H., Frouin, V., Gallinat, J., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., Martinot, J.-L., Paill{\`e}re Martinot, M.-L., Nees, F., Papadopoulos Orfanos, D., Paus, T., Poustka, L., Smolka, M.N., Walter, H., Schumann, G., Althoff, R.R., Garavan, H., Mann, K., Struve, M., Rietschel, M., Spanagel, R., Fauth-B{\"u}hler, M., Millenet, S., Grimmer, Y., Ivanov, N., Strache, N., Rapp, M., Str{\"o}hle, A., Reuter, J., Barbot, A., Thyreau, B., Schwartz, Y., Lalanne, C., Bricaud, Z., Briand, F., Lemaitre, H., Massicotte, J., Vulser, H., Pentill{\"a}, J., Galinowski, A., Jia, T., Werts, H., Topper, L., Reed, L., Andrew, C., Mallik, C., Ruggeri, B., Nymberg, C., Smith, L., Loth, E., Havatzias, S., Stueber, K., Stringaris, A., Br{\"u}hl, R., Ihlenfeld, A., Walaszek, B., H{\"u}bner, T., M{\"u}ller, K., Ripke, S., Rodehacke, S., Mennigen, E., Schmidt, D., Vetter, N., Ziesch, V., Poline, J.-B., Fadai, T., Yacubian, J., Lawrence, C., Newman, C., Head, K., Heym, N., Pausova, Z., Tahmasebi, A.

    European Journal of Neuroscience　2018

    DOI： 10.1111/ejn.13989 　

  46. Segmentation of the hippocampus by transferring algorithmic knowledge for large cohort processing. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Benjamin Thyreau, Kazunori Sato, Hiroshi Fukuda, Yasuyuki Taki

    Medical image analysis　43　214-228　2018/01

    DOI： 10.1016/j.media.2017.11.004 　

    ISSN： 1361-8415

  47. Phase Difference-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging (PADRE) Technique for the Detection of Age-Related Microstructural Changes in Optic Radiation: Comparison with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuko Tatewaki, Tatsushi Mutoh, Benjamin Thyreau, Kazuko Omodaka, Takaki Murata, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Toru Nakazawa, Yasuyuki Taki

    Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research　23　5495-5503　2017/11/19

    ISSN： 1234-1010

    eISSN： 1643-3750

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    BACKGROUND The optic radiation (OR) is a white-matter bundle connecting the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) is a new MRI technique that is able to achieve precise delineation of the OR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the volume and signal intensity of the OR using PADRE, and to establish a volumetric reference of the OR from a healthy population, compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine healthy volunteers underwent MR imaging with PADRE and DTI sequences on a 3.0-T scanner. For the volumetric analysis with PADRE, the OR corresponding to the external sagittal stratum was manually traced, while an automated thresholding method was used for the DTI-based volumetric analysis of the OR. RESULTS The mean right and left OR volumes measured from the PADRE images were 1469.0±242.4 mm³ and 1372.6±310.2 mm³, respectively. Although OR volume showed no significant correlation with age, the normalized OR signal intensity showed a linear correlation with increasing age (r²=0.50-0.53; P<0.01). The OR signal intensity on PADRE and DTI-related quantitative parameters for the OR showed significant correlations (r²=0.46-0.49; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The PADRE technique revealed exceptional preservation of OR volume, even in later life. Moreover, PADRE was able to detect age-related changes in signal intensity of the OR and may contribute to future analyses of pathological neurodegeneration in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.

  48. Phase Difference-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging (PADRE) Technique for the Detection of Age-Related Microstructural Changes in Optic Radiation: Comparison with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Peer-reviewed

    Yasuko Tatewaki, Tatsushi Mutoh, Benjamin Thyreau, Kazuko Omodaka, Takaki Murata, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Toru Nakazawa, Yasuyuki Taki

    MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR　23　5495-5503　2017/11

    DOI： 10.12659/MSM.905571 　

    ISSN： 1643-3750

  49. The neural basis of the imitation drive. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Sugiko Hanawa, Motoaki Sugiura, Takayuki Nozawa, Yuka Kotozaki, Yukihito Yomogida, Mizuki Ihara, Yoritaka Akimoto, Benjamin Thyreau, Shinichi Izumi, Ryuta Kawashima

    Social cognitive and affective neuroscience　11　(1)　66-77　2016/01

    DOI： 10.1093/scan/nsv089 　

    ISSN： 1749-5016

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    Spontaneous imitation is assumed to underlie the acquisition of important skills by infants, including language and social interaction. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine the neural basis of 'spontaneously' driven imitation, which has not yet been fully investigated. Healthy participants were presented with movie clips of meaningless bimanual actions and instructed to observe and imitate them during an fMRI scan. The participants were subsequently shown the movie clips again and asked to evaluate the strength of their 'urge to imitate' (Urge) for each action. We searched for cortical areas where the degree of activation positively correlated with Urge scores; significant positive correlations were observed in the right supplementary motor area (SMA) and bilateral midcingulate cortex (MCC) under the imitation condition. These areas were not explained by explicit reasons for imitation or the kinematic characteristics of the actions. Previous studies performed in monkeys and humans have implicated the SMA and MCC/caudal cingulate zone in voluntary actions. This study also confirmed the functional connectivity between Urge and imitation performance using a psychophysiological interaction analysis. Thus, our findings reveal the critical neural components that underlie spontaneous imitation and provide possible reasons why infants imitate spontaneously.

  50. Regional Reliability of Quantitative Signal Targeting with Alternating Radiofrequency (STAR) Labeling of Arterial Regions (QUASAR) International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuko Tatewaki, Shuichi Higano, Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Takaki Murata, Shunji Mugikura, Daisuke Ito, Kei Takase, Shoki Takahashi

    JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING　24　(6)　554-561　2014/11

    DOI： 10.1111/jon.12076 　

    ISSN： 1051-2284

    eISSN： 1552-6569

  51. Oxytocin receptor genotype modulates ventral striatal activity to social cues and response to stressful life events. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Eva Loth, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Benjamin Thyreau, Tianye Jia, Chenyang Tao, Anbarasu Lourdusamy, David Stacey, Anna Cattrell, Sylvane Desrivières, Barbara Ruggeri, Virgile Fritsch, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J Barker, Arun L W Bokde, Christian Büchel, Fabiana M Carvalho, Patricia J Conrod, Mira Fauth-Buehler, Herta Flor, Jürgen Gallinat, Hugh Garavan, Andreas Heinz, Ruediger Bruehl, Claire Lawrence, Karl Mann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Frauke Nees, Tomáš Paus, Zdenka Pausova, Luise Poustka, Marcella Rietschel, Michael Smolka, Maren Struve, Jianfeng Feng, Gunter Schumann

    Biological psychiatry　76　(5)　367-76　2014/09/01

    DOI： 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.07.043 　

    ISSN： 0006-3223

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    BACKGROUND: Common variants in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) have been shown to influence social and affective behavior and to moderate the effect of adverse experiences on risk for social-affective problems. However, the intermediate neurobiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Although human functional neuroimaging studies have reported that oxytocin effects on social behavior and emotional states are mediated by amygdala function, animal models indicate that oxytocin receptors in the ventral striatum (VS) modulate sensitivity to social reinforcers. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate OXTR-dependent brain mechanisms associated with social-affective problems. METHODS: In a sample of 1445 adolescents we tested the effect of 23-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms across the OXTR region and stressful life events (SLEs) on functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent activity in the VS and amygdala to animated angry faces. Single nucleotide polymorphisms for which gene-wide significant effects on brain function were found were then carried forward to examine associations with social-affective problems. RESULTS: A gene-wide significant effect of rs237915 showed that adolescents with minor CC-genotype had significantly lower VS activity than CT/TT-carriers. Significant or nominally significant gene × environment effects on emotional problems (in girls) and peer problems (in boys) revealed a strong increase in clinical symptoms as a function of SLEs in CT/TT-carriers but not CC-homozygotes. However, in low-SLE environments, CC-homozygotes had more emotional problems (girls) and peer problems (boys). Moreover, among CC-homozygotes, reduced VS activity was related to more peer problems. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a common OXTR-variant affects brain responsiveness to negative social cues and that in "risk-carriers" reduced sensitivity is simultaneously associated with more social-affective problems in "favorable environments" and greater resilience against stressful experiences.

  52. Healthy children show gender differences in correlations between nonverbal cognitive ability and brain activation during visual perception. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Kohei Asano, Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Yuko Sassa, Benjamin Thyreau, Michiko Asano, Hikaru Takeuchi, Ryuta Kawashima

    Neuroscience letters　577　66-71　2014/08/08

    DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.06.015 　

    ISSN： 0304-3940

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    Humans perceive textual and nontextual information in visual perception, and both depend on language. In childhood education, students exhibit diverse perceptual abilities, such that some students process textual information better and some process nontextual information better. These predispositions involve many factors, including cognitive ability and learning preference. However, the relationship between verbal and nonverbal cognitive abilities and brain activation during visual perception has not yet been examined in children. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the relationship between nonverbal and verbal cognitive abilities and brain activation during nontextual visual perception in large numbers of children. A significant positive correlation was found between nonverbal cognitive abilities and brain activation in the right temporoparietal junction, which is thought to be related to attention reorienting. This significant positive correlation existed only in boys. These findings suggested that male brain activation differed from female brain activation, and that this depended on individual cognitive processes, even if there was no gender difference in behavioral performance.

  53. Developmental changes in brain activation involved in the production of novel speech sounds in children. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Hiroshi Hashizume, Yasuyuki Taki, Yuko Sassa, Benjamin Thyreau, Michiko Asano, Kohei Asano, Hikaru Takeuchi, Rui Nouchi, Yuka Kotozaki, Hyeonjeong Jeong, Motoaki Sugiura, Ryuta Kawashima

    Human brain mapping　35　(8)　4079-89　2014/08

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22460 　

    ISSN： 1065-9471

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    Older children are more successful at producing unfamiliar, non-native speech sounds than younger children during the initial stages of learning. To reveal the neuronal underpinning of the age-related increase in the accuracy of non-native speech production, we examined the developmental changes in activation involved in the production of novel speech sounds using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Healthy right-handed children (aged 6-18 years) were scanned while performing an overt repetition task and a perceptual task involving aurally presented non-native and native syllables. Productions of non-native speech sounds were recorded and evaluated by native speakers. The mouth regions in the bilateral primary sensorimotor areas were activated more significantly during the repetition task relative to the perceptual task. The hemodynamic response in the left inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis (IFG pOp) specific to non-native speech sound production (defined by prior hypothesis) increased with age. Additionally, the accuracy of non-native speech sound production increased with age. These results provide the first evidence of developmental changes in the neural processes underlying the production of novel speech sounds. Our data further suggest that the recruitment of the left IFG pOp during the production of novel speech sounds was possibly enhanced due to the maturation of the neuronal circuits needed for speech motor planning. This, in turn, would lead to improvement in the ability to immediately imitate non-native speech.

  54. Spinal fMRI of interoceptive attention/awareness in experts and novices. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Keyvan Kashkouli Nejad, Motoaki Sugiura, Benjamin Thyreau, Takayuki Nozawa, Yuka Kotozaki, Yoshihito Furusawa, Kozo Nishino, Toshohiro Nukiwa, Ryuta Kawashima

    Neural plasticity　2014　679509-679509　2014

    DOI： 10.1155/2014/679509 　

    ISSN： 2090-5904

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    Many disciplines/traditions that promote interoceptive (inner sensation of body parts) attention/awareness (IAA) train practitioners to both attend to and be aware of interoceptive sensory experiences in body parts. The effect of such practices has been investigated in previous imaging studies but limited to cerebral neural activity. Here, for the first time, we studied the impact of these practices on the spinal neural activity of experts and novices. We also attempted to clarify the effect of constant and deep breathing, a paradigm utilized in concentration practices to avoid mind wandering, on IAA-related spinal neural activity. Subjects performed IAA tasks with and without a deep and constant breathing pattern in two sessions. Results showed that neural activity in the spinal segment innervating the attended-to body area increased in experts (P = 0.04) when they performed IAA and that this increase was significantly larger for experts versus novices in each of the sessions (P = 0.024). The significant effects of IAA and expertise on spinal neural activity are consistent with and elaborate on previous reports showing similar effects on cerebral neural activity. As the spinal cord directly innervates body parts, the results might indicate that IAA has an instantaneous (possibly beneficial) effect on the physical body after extended training.

  55. Correlations between brain structures and study time at home in healthy children: a longitudinal analysis. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Michiko Asano, Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Hikaru Takeuchi, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuko Sassa, Kohei Asano, Ryuta Kawashima

    Brain and behavior　4　(6)　801-11　2014

    DOI： 10.1002/brb3.278 　

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    INTRODUCTION: Like sleeping and eating habits, the study habits adopted by children when they are at home are important contributors to lifestyle and they affect cognitive ability. It has recently been reported that sleeping and eating habits change the brain structure of children. However, no research on the effect of study habits at home on the brain structure of children has been conducted thus far. We investigated the effects of study habits at home on the brain structures of healthy children by examining correlations between study time at home and changes in brain structure over the course of 3 years. METHODS: We used the brain magnetic resonance images of 229 healthy children aged 5.6-18.4 years and computed the changes (time 2-time 1) in regional gray matter and white matter volume (rWMV) using voxel-based morphometry. Whole-brain multiple regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between study time at home and changes in rWMV in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Behaviorally, we found a significant positive correlation between study time at home and change in the verbal comprehension index (VCI), one of the subscales of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-third edition (WISC-III). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Given that the SFG is involved in memory control and that the VCI measures abilities related to vocabulary, our results indicate that greater SFG involvement in the memorization component of longer study times may result in greater increases in the number of axons and more axon branching and myelination, causing plastic changes in the neural network involved in memory processes.

  56. A longitudinal study of the relationship between personality traits and the annual rate of volume changes in regional gray matter in healthy adults. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Shigeo Kinomura, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Kai Wu, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    Human brain mapping　34　(12)　3347-53　2013/12

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22145 　

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    To investigate whether personality traits affect the rate of decline of gray matter volume, we analyzed the relationships between personality traits and the annual rate of changes of gray matter volume in 274 healthy community dwelling subjects with a large age range by applying a longitudinal design over 6 years, using brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) at baseline. Brain MRI data were processed using voxel-based morphometry with a custom template by applying the DARTEL diffeomorphic registration tool. For each subject, we used NEO-PI-R to evaluate the five major personality traits, including neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The results show that the annual rate of change in regional gray matter volume in the right inferior parietal lobule was correlated significantly and negatively with a personality of openness, which is known to be related to intellect, intellectual curiosity, and creativity adjusting for age, gender, and intracranial volume. This result indicates that subjects with a personality trait of less openness have an accelerated loss of gray matter volume in the right inferior parietal lobule, compared with subjects with a personality trait of more openness. Because the right inferior parietal lobule is involved in higher cognitive function such as working memory and creativity, a personality trait of openness is thought to be important for preserving gray matter volume and cognitive function of the right inferior parietal lobule in healthy adults.

  57. Correlation between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and brain gray matter volume in healthy elderly subjects. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Shigeo Kinomura, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Kai Wu, Masako Kakizaki, Ichiro Tsuji, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    Human brain mapping　34　(10)　2418-24　2013/10

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22073 　

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    Although elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is related to atherosclerosis, brain infarction, and cognitive decline, it has not been clarified whether increased hsCRP is associated with the decline in brain gray matter volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hsCRP levels and brain regional gray matter volume using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 109 community-dwelling healthy elderly subjects. Brain MRIs were processed with voxel-based morphometry using a custom template by applying diffeomorphic anatomical registration using the exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL) procedure. We found a significant negative correlation between regional gray matter volume of the posterior and lateral aspects of the left temporal cortex and hsCRP level after adjusting for age, gender, and intracranial volume. Our results suggest that subjects who have mild inflammation related to arteriosclerosis have decreased regional gray matter volume in the posterior and lateral aspects of the left temporal cortex. Thus, preventing the progression of arteriosclerosis may be important for preventing a decrease in gray matter volume in healthy elderly subjects.

  58. A longitudinal study of age- and gender-related annual rate of volume changes in regional gray matter in healthy adults. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Shigeo Kinomura, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Kai Wu, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    Human brain mapping　34　(9)　2292-301　2013/09

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22067 　

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    The aim of this study was to analyze correlations among the annual rate of gray matter volume change, age, gender, and cerebrovascular risk factors in 381 healthy community-dwelling subjects with a large age range by applying a longitudinal design over 6 years using brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs). Brain MRI data were processed with voxel-based morphometry using a custom template by applying diffeomorphic anatomical registration using the exponentiated lie algebra procedure. The annual rate of regional gray matter volume change showed significant positive correlations with age in several regions, including the bilateral temporal pole, caudate nucleus, ventral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, insula, hippocampus, and temporoparietal cortex, whereas significant negative correlations with age were observed in several regions including the bilateral cingulate gyri and anterior lobe of the cerebellum. Additionally, a significant age-by-gender interaction was found for the annual rate of regional gray matter volume change in the bilateral hippocampus. No significant correlations were observed between the annual rate of regional gray matter volume change and body mass index or systolic blood pressure. A significant positive correlation between the annual rate of gray matter volume change and age indicates that the region shows not linear but accelerated gray matter loss with age. Therefore, evaluating the annual rate of the gray matter volume change with age in healthy subjects is important in understanding how gray matter volume changes with aging in each brain region and in anticipating what cognitive functions are likely to show accelerated decline with aging.

  59. White matter structures associated with empathizing and systemizing in young adults. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Hikaru Takeuchi, Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuko Sassa, Hiroshi Hashizume, Atsushi Sekiguchi, Tomomi Nagase, Rui Nouchi, Ai Fukushima, Ryuta Kawashima

    NeuroImage　77　222-36　2013/08/15

    DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.004 　

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    Empathizing is defined as the drive to identify the mental states of others in order to predict their behavior and respond with an appropriate emotion. Systemizing is defined as the drive to analyze a system in terms of the rules that govern it to predict its behavior. We undertook voxel-by-voxel investigations of regional white matter volume (rWMV) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of diffusion tensor imaging to discover the WM structural correlates of empathizing, systemizing, and their difference (D score: systemizing-empathizing). Whole brain analyses of covariance revealed that across both sexes, the D score was negatively correlated with rWMV in the WM area in the bilateral temporal lobe, near the right inferior frontal gyrus, near the ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and near the posterior cingulate cortex and positively correlated with FA in an area involving the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Post-hoc analyses revealed that these associations were generally formed by both the correlation between WM structures and empathizing as well as the opposite correlation between WM structures and systemizing. A significant effect of interaction between sex and the D score on rWMV, which was mainly observed because of a positive correlation between rWMV and empathizing in females and a negative correlation between rWMV and systemizing in females, was found in an area close to the right inferior parietal lobule and temporoparietal junction. Our results suggest that WM structures involving the default mode network and the mirror neuron system support empathizing, and that a WM structure relating to the external attention system supports systemizing. Further, our results revealed an overlap between positive/negative WM structural correlates of empathizing and negative/positive WM structural correlates of systemizing despite little correlation between empathizing and systemizing, which supports the previously held idea that there is a trade-off between empathizing and systemizing in the brain.

  60. Linear and curvilinear correlations of brain white matter volume, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity with age using voxel-based and region-of-interest analyses in 246 healthy children. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Hiroshi Hashizume, Yuko Sassa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Kai Wu, Yuka Kotozaki, Rui Nouchi, Michiko Asano, Kohei Asano, Hiroshi Fukuda, Ryuta Kawashima

    Human brain mapping　34　(8)　1842-56　2013/08

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22027 　

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    In this study, we examined linear and curvilinear correlations of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and white matter volume with age by using brain structural and diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a large number of healthy children and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and region-of-interest (ROI) analyses. We collected data by brain structural MRI in 246 healthy children, aged 5-18 years. FA and MD images were normalized using the normalization parameter of the corresponding structural MRI. Next, we analyzed the correlations between FA and age and between MD and age by estimating linear and logarithmic functions. We also analyzed the correlation between white matter volume and age by linear, quadratic, and cubic functions. Correlations between FA and age and between MD and age showed exponential trajectories in most ROIs in boys and girls, except for several fibers, such as the corpus callosum connecting the bilateral rectal gyri in boys. The correlation between white matter volume and age showed significant positive linear trajectories in most ROIs in boys and girls, except for a few fibers, such as the bilateral uncinate fasciculus. Additionally, maturational rates differed among major fibers, and in girls, the left superior longitudinal fasciculus, which connects the frontal and temporal lobes, showed a slower rate of maturation than other fibers. Our results may help to clarify the mechanisms of normal brain maturation from the viewpoint of brain white matter.

  61. Linear and curvilinear correlations of brain gray matter volume and density with age using voxel-based morphometry with the Akaike information criterion in 291 healthy children. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuko Sassa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Kai Wu, Yuka Kotozaki, Rui Nouchi, Michiko Asano, Kohei Asano, Hiroshi Fukuda, Ryuta Kawashima

    Human brain mapping　34　(8)　1857-71　2013/08

    DOI： 10.1002/hbm.22033 　

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    We examined linear and curvilinear correlations of gray matter volume and density in cortical and subcortical gray matter with age using magnetic resonance images (MRI) in a large number of healthy children. We applied voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and region-of-interest (ROI) analyses with the Akaike information criterion (AIC), which was used to determine the best-fit model by selecting which predictor terms should be included. We collected data on brain structural MRI in 291 healthy children aged 5-18 years. Structural MRI data were segmented and normalized using a custom template by applying the diffeomorphic anatomical registration using exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL) procedure. Next, we analyzed the correlations of gray matter volume and density with age in VBM with AIC by estimating linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomial functions. Several regions such as the prefrontal cortex, the precentral gyrus, and cerebellum showed significant linear or curvilinear correlations between gray matter volume and age on an increasing trajectory, and between gray matter density and age on a decreasing trajectory in VBM and ROI analyses with AIC. Because the trajectory of gray matter volume and density with age suggests the progress of brain maturation, our results may contribute to clarifying brain maturation in healthy children from the viewpoint of brain structure.

  62. Correlation between pulmonary function and brain volume in healthy elderly subjects. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Shigeo Kinomura, Satoru Ebihara, Benjamin Thyreau, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Masako Kakizaki, Ichiro Tsuji, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    Neuroradiology　55　(6)　689-95　2013/06

    DOI： 10.1007/s00234-013-1157-6 　

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    INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking decreases brain regional gray matter volume and is related to chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). COPD leads to decreased pulmonary function, which is represented by forced expiratory volume in one second percentage (FEV1.0 %); however, it is unclear if decreased pulmonary function is directly related to brain gray matter volume decline. Because there is a link between COPD and cognitive decline, revealing a direct relationship between pulmonary function and brain structure is important to better understand how pulmonary function affects brain structure and cognitive function. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze whether there were significant correlations between FEV1.0 % and brain regional gray and white matter volumes using brain magnetic resonance (MR) image data from 109 community-dwelling healthy elderly individuals. METHODS: Brain MR images were processed with voxel-based morphometry using a custom template by applying diffeomorphic anatomical registration using the exponentiated lie algebra procedure. RESULTS: We found a significant positive correlation between the regional white matter volume of the cerebellum and FEV1.0 % after adjusting for age, sex, and intracranial volume. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that elderly individuals who have a lower FEV1.0 % have decreased regional white matter volume in the cerebellum. Therefore, preventing decreased pulmonary function is important for cerebellar white matter volume in the healthy elderly population.

  63. Schizophrenia as a network disease: disruption of emergent brain function in patients with auditory hallucinations. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Irina Rish, Guillermo Cecchi, Benjamin Thyreau, Bertrand Thirion, Marion Plaze, Marie Laure Paillere-Martinot, Catherine Martelli, Jean-Luc Martinot, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    PloS one　8　(1)　e50625　2013

    DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0050625 　

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    Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that has eluded characterization in terms of local abnormalities of brain activity, and is hypothesized to affect the collective, "emergent" working of the brain. Indeed, several recent publications have demonstrated that functional networks in the schizophrenic brain display disrupted topological properties. However, is it possible to explain such abnormalities just by alteration of local activation patterns? This work suggests a negative answer to this question, demonstrating that significant disruption of the topological and spatial structure of functional MRI networks in schizophrenia (a) cannot be explained by a disruption to area-based task-dependent responses, i.e. indeed relates to the emergent properties, (b) is global in nature, affecting most dramatically long-distance correlations, and (c) can be leveraged to achieve high classification accuracy (93%) when discriminating between schizophrenic vs control subjects based just on a single fMRI experiment using a simple auditory task. While the prior work on schizophrenia networks has been primarily focused on discovering statistically significant differences in network properties, this work extends the prior art by exploring the generalization (prediction) ability of network models for schizophrenia, which is not necessarily captured by such significance tests.

  64. Topological organization of functional brain networks in healthy children: differences in relation to age, sex, and intelligence. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Kai Wu, Yasuyuki Taki, Kazunori Sato, Hiroshi Hashizume, Yuko Sassa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Benjamin Thyreau, Yong He, Alan C Evans, Xiaobo Li, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    PloS one　8　(2)　e55347　2013

    DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0055347 　

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    Recent studies have demonstrated developmental changes of functional brain networks derived from functional connectivity using graph theoretical analysis, which has been rapidly translated to studies of brain network organization. However, little is known about sex- and IQ-related differences in the topological organization of functional brain networks during development. In this study, resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) was used to map the functional brain networks in 51 healthy children. We then investigated the effects of age, sex, and IQ on economic small-world properties and regional nodal properties of the functional brain networks. At a global level of whole networks, we found significant age-related increases in the small-worldness and local efficiency, significant higher values of the global efficiency in boys compared with girls, and no significant IQ-related difference. Age-related increases in the regional nodal properties were found predominately in the frontal brain regions, whereas the parietal, temporal, and occipital brain regions showed age-related decreases. Significant sex-related differences in the regional nodal properties were found in various brain regions, primarily related to the default mode, language, and vision systems. Positive correlations between IQ and the regional nodal properties were found in several brain regions related to the attention system, whereas negative correlations were found in various brain regions primarily involved in the default mode, emotion, and language systems. Together, our findings of the network topology of the functional brain networks in healthy children and its relationship with age, sex, and IQ bring new insights into the understanding of brain maturation and cognitive development during childhood and adolescence.

  65. Neural correlates of deception in social contexts in normally developing children. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Susumu Yokota, Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Yuko Sassa, Benjamin Thyreau, Mari Tanaka, Ryuta Kawashima

    Frontiers in human neuroscience　7　206-206　2013

    DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00206 　

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    Deception is related to the ability to inhibit prepotent responses and to engage in mental tasks such as anticipating responses and inferring what another person knows, especially in social contexts. However, the neural correlates of deception processing, which requires mentalizing, remain unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined the neural correlates of deception, including mentalization, in social contexts in normally developing children. Healthy right-handed children (aged 8-9 years) were scanned while performing interactive games involving deception. The games varied along two dimensions: the type of reply (deception and truth) and the type of context (social and less social). Participants were instructed to deceive a witch and to tell the truth to a girl. Under the social-context conditions, participants were asked to consider what they inferred about protagonists' preferences from their facial expressions when responding to questions. Under the less-social-context conditions, participants did not need to consider others' preferences. We found a significantly greater response in the right precuneus under the social-context than under less-social-context conditions. Additionally, we found marginally greater activation in the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) under the deception than under the truth condition. These results suggest that deception in a social context requires not only inhibition of prepotent responses but also engagement in mentalizing processes. This study provides the first evidence of the neural correlates of the mentalizing processes involved in deception in normally developing children.

  66. Detecting outliers in high-dimensional neuroimaging datasets with robust covariance estimators. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Virgile Fritsch, Gaël Varoquaux, Benjamin Thyreau, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Bertrand Thirion

    Medical image analysis　16　(7)　1359-70　2012/10

    DOI： 10.1016/j.media.2012.05.002 　

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    Medical imaging datasets often contain deviant observations, the so-called outliers, due to acquisition or preprocessing artifacts or resulting from large intrinsic inter-subject variability. These can undermine the statistical procedures used in group studies as the latter assume that the cohorts are composed of homogeneous samples with anatomical or functional features clustered around a central mode. The effects of outlying subjects can be mitigated by detecting and removing them with explicit statistical control. With the emergence of large medical imaging databases, exhaustive data screening is no longer possible, and automated outlier detection methods are currently gaining interest. The datasets used in medical imaging are often high-dimensional and strongly correlated. The outlier detection procedure should therefore rely on high-dimensional statistical multivariate models. However, state-of-the-art procedures, based on the Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD) estimator, are not well-suited for such high-dimensional settings. In this work, we introduce regularization in the MCD framework and investigate different regularization schemes. We carry out extensive simulations to provide backing for practical choices in absence of ground truth knowledge. We demonstrate on functional neuroimaging datasets that outlier detection can be performed with small sample sizes and improves group studies.

  67. Adolescent impulsivity phenotypes characterized by distinct brain networks. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Robert Whelan, Patricia J Conrod, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Anbarasu Lourdusamy, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J Barker, Mark A Bellgrove, Christian Büchel, Mark Byrne, Tarrant D R Cummins, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Herta Flor, Jürgen Gallinat, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Karl Mann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Edmund C Lalor, Mark Lathrop, Eva Loth, Frauke Nees, Tomas Paus, Marcella Rietschel, Michael N Smolka, Rainer Spanagel, David N Stephens, Maren Struve, Benjamin Thyreau, Sabine Vollstaedt-Klein, Trevor W Robbins, Gunter Schumann, Hugh Garavan

    Nature neuroscience　15　(6)　920-5　2012/06

    DOI： 10.1038/nn.3092 　

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    The impulsive behavior that is often characteristic of adolescence may reflect underlying neurodevelopmental processes. Moreover, impulsivity is a multi-dimensional construct, and it is plausible that distinct brain networks contribute to its different cognitive, clinical and behavioral aspects. As these networks have not yet been described, we identified distinct cortical and subcortical networks underlying successful inhibitions and inhibition failures in a large sample (n = 1,896) of 14-year-old adolescents. Different networks were associated with drug use (n = 1,593) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms (n = 342). Hypofunctioning of a specific orbitofrontal cortical network was associated with likelihood of initiating drug use in early adolescence. Right inferior frontal activity was related to the speed of the inhibition process (n = 826) and use of illegal substances and associated with genetic variation in a norepinephrine transporter gene (n = 819). Our results indicate that both neural endophenotypes and genetic variation give rise to the various manifestations of impulsive behavior.

  68. Very large fMRI study using the IMAGEN database: sensitivity-specificity and population effect modeling in relation to the underlying anatomy. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Benjamin Thyreau, Yannick Schwartz, Bertrand Thirion, Vincent Frouin, Eva Loth, Sabine Vollstädt-Klein, Tomas Paus, Eric Artiges, Patricia J Conrod, Gunter Schumann, Robert Whelan, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    NeuroImage　61　(1)　295-303　2012/05/15

    DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.02.083 　

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    In this paper we investigate the use of classical fMRI Random Effect (RFX) group statistics when analyzing a very large cohort and the possible improvement brought from anatomical information. Using 1326 subjects from the IMAGEN study, we first give a global picture of the evolution of the group effect t-value from a simple face-watching contrast with increasing cohort size. We obtain a wide activated pattern, far from being limited to the reasonably expected brain areas, illustrating the difference between statistical significance and practical significance. This motivates us to inject tissue-probability information into the group estimation, we model the BOLD contrast using a matter-weighted mixture of Gaussians and compare it to the common, single-Gaussian model. In both cases, the model parameters are estimated per-voxel for one subgroup, and the likelihood of both models is computed on a second, separate subgroup to reflect model generalization capacity. Various group sizes are tested, and significance is asserted using a 10-fold cross-validation scheme. We conclude that adding matter information consistently improves the quantitative analysis of BOLD responses in some areas of the brain, particularly those where accurate inter-subject registration remains challenging.

  69. Sleep duration during weekdays affects hippocampal gray matter volume in healthy children. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Benjamin Thyreau, Yuko Sassa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Kai Wu, Yuka Kotozaki, Rui Nouchi, Michiko Asano, Kohei Asano, Hiroshi Fukuda, Ryuta Kawashima

    NeuroImage　60　(1)　471-5　2012/03

    DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.072 　

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    Sleep is essential for living beings, and sleep loss has been shown to affect hippocampal structure and function in rats by inhibiting cell proliferation and neurogenesis in this region of the brain. We aimed to analyze the correlation between sleep duration and the hippocampal volume using brain magnetic resonance images of 290 healthy children aged 5-18 years. We examined the volume of gray matter, white matter, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space in the brain using a fully automated and established neuroimaging technique, voxel-based morphometry, which enabled global analysis of brain structure without bias towards any specific brain region while permitting the identification of potential differences or abnormalities in brain structures. We found that the regional gray matter volume of the bilateral hippocampal body was significantly positively correlated with sleep duration during weekdays after adjusting for age, sex, and intracranial volume. Our results indicated that sleep duration affects the hippocampal regional gray matter volume of healthy children. These findings advance our understanding of the importance of sleep habits in the daily lives of healthy children.

  70. PyXNAT: XNAT in Python. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yannick Schwartz, Alexis Barbot, Benjamin Thyreau, Vincent Frouin, Gaël Varoquaux, Aditya Siram, Daniel S Marcus, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    Frontiers in neuroinformatics　6　12-12　2012

    DOI： 10.3389/fninf.2012.00012 　

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    As neuroimaging databases grow in size and complexity, the time researchers spend investigating and managing the data increases to the expense of data analysis. As a result, investigators rely more and more heavily on scripting using high-level languages to automate data management and processing tasks. For this, a structured and programmatic access to the data store is necessary. Web services are a first step toward this goal. They however lack in functionality and ease of use because they provide only low-level interfaces to databases. We introduce here PyXNAT, a Python module that interacts with The Extensible Neuroimaging Archive Toolkit (XNAT) through native Python calls across multiple operating systems. The choice of Python enables PyXNAT to expose the XNAT Web Services and unify their features with a higher level and more expressive language. PyXNAT provides XNAT users direct access to all the scientific packages in Python. Finally PyXNAT aims to be efficient and easy to use, both as a back-end library to build XNAT clients and as an alternative front-end from the command line.

  71. Apathy is related to cortex morphology in CADASIL A sulcal-based morphometry study Peer-reviewed

    E. Jouvent, S. Reyes, J. -F. Mangin, P. Roca, M. Perrot, B. Thyreau, D. Herve, M. Dichgans, H. Chabriat

    NEUROLOGY　76　(17)　1472-1477　2011/04

    ISSN： 0028-3878

  72. Correlations among brain gray matter volumes, age, gender, and hemisphere in healthy individuals. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Benjamin Thyreau, Shigeo Kinomura, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Ryuta Kawashima, Hiroshi Fukuda

    PloS one　6　(7)　e22734　2011

    DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0022734 　

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    To determine the relationship between age and gray matter structure and how interactions between gender and hemisphere impact this relationship, we examined correlations between global or regional gray matter volume and age, including interactions of gender and hemisphere, using a general linear model with voxel-based and region-of-interest analyses. Brain magnetic resonance images were collected from 1460 healthy individuals aged 20-69 years; the images were linearly normalized and segmented and restored to native space for analysis of global gray matter volume. Linearly normalized images were then non-linearly normalized and smoothed for analysis of regional gray matter volume. Analysis of global gray matter volume revealed a significant negative correlation between gray matter ratio (gray matter volume divided by intracranial volume) and age in both genders, and a significant interaction effect of age × gender on the gray matter ratio. In analyzing regional gray matter volume, the gray matter volume of all regions showed significant main effects of age, and most regions, with the exception of several including the inferior parietal lobule, showed a significant age × gender interaction. Additionally, the inferior temporal gyrus showed a significant age × gender × hemisphere interaction. No regional volumes showed significant age × hemisphere interactions. Our study may contribute to clarifying the mechanism(s) of normal brain aging in each brain region.

  73. Detecting outlying subjects in high-dimensional neuroimaging datasets with regularized minimum covariance determinant. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Virgile Fritsch, Gael Varoquaux, Benjamin Thyreau, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Bertrand Thirion

    Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention　14　(Pt 3)　264-71　2011

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    Medical imaging datasets used in clinical studies or basic research often comprise highly variable multi-subject data. Statistically-controlled inclusion of a subject in a group study, i.e. deciding whether its images should be considered as samples from a given population or whether they should be rejected as outlier data, is a challenging issue. While the informal approaches often used do not provide any statistical assessment that a given dataset is indeed an outlier, traditional statistical procedures are not well-suited to the noisy, high-dimensional, settings encountered in medical imaging, e.g. with functional brain images. In this work, we modify the classical Minimum Covariance Determinant approach by adding a regularization term, that ensures that the estimation is well-posed in high-dimensional settings and in the presence of many outliers. We show on simulated and real data that outliers can be detected satisfactorily, even in situations where the number of dimensions of the data exceeds the number of observations.

  74. Voxelwise multivariate statistics and brain-wide machine learning using the full diffusion tensor. International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Anne-Laure Fouque, Pierre Fillard, Anne Bargiacchi, Arnaud Cachia, Monica Zilbovicius, Benjamin Thyreau, Edith Le Floch, Philippe Ciuciu, Edouard Duchesnay

    Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention　14　(Pt 2)　9-16　2011

    Publisher: Springer

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    In this paper, we propose to use the full diffusion tensor to perform brain-wide score prediction on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using the log-Euclidean framework., rather than the commonly used fractional anisotropy (FA). Indeed, scalar values such as the FA do not capture all the information contained in the diffusion tensor. Additionally, full tensor information is included in every step of the pre-processing pipeline: registration, smoothing and feature selection using voxelwise multivariate regression analysis. This approach was tested on data obtained from 30 children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and showed some improvement over the FA-only analysis.

  75. Breakfast Staple Types Affect Brain Gray Matter Volume and Cognitive Function in Healthy Children Peer-reviewed

    Yasuyuki Taki, Hiroshi Hashizume, Yuko Sassa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Michiko Asano, Kohei Asano, Ryuta Kawashima

    PLOS ONE　5　(12)　e15213　2010/12

    DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0015213 　

    ISSN： 1932-6203

  76. Discriminative Network Models of Schizophrenia. Peer-reviewed

    Guillermo A. Cecchi, Irina Rish, Benjamin Thyreau,Bertrand Thirion,Marion Plaze, Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot,Catherine Martelli, Jean-Luc Martinot, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 22: 23rd Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems 2009. Proceedings of a meeting held 7-10 December 2009, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.　252-260　2009

    Publisher: Curran Associates, Inc.

  77. Anatomo-functional description of the brain: A probabilistic approach Peer-reviewed

    Benjamin Thyreau, Bertrand Thirion, Guillaume Flandin, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    2006 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Vols 1-13　5967-5970　2006

    ISSN： 1520-6149

  78. Anatomo-functional description of the brain: A probabilistic approach Peer-reviewed

    Benjamin Thyreau, Bertrand Thirion, Guillaume Flandin, Jean-Baptiste Poline

    2006 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL V, PROCEEDINGS　1109-+　2006

    DOI： 10.1109/ICASSP.2006.1661474 　

    ISSN： 1520-6149

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Misc. 7

  1. MRIを用いた緑内障患者の眼球形態の検討

    國時景子, 國時景子, 舘脇康子, 面高宗子, 松平泉, THYREAU Benjamin, 武藤達士, 川島隆太, 中澤徹, 瀧靖之, 瀧靖之

    日本疫学会学術総会講演集(Web)　29th　2019

  2. PRE-EXISTING SMALLER DLPFC VOLUME CONTRIBUTES TO POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH AFTER A DISASTER IN CHILDREN

    Atsushi Sekiguchi, Yuka Kotozaki, Thyreau Benjamin, Hikaru Takeuchi, Susumu Yokota, Kohei Asano, Michiko Asano, Yuko Sassa, Yasuyuki Taki, Ryuta Kawashima

    PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE　79　(4)　A60-A61　2017/05

    ISSN： 0033-3174

    eISSN： 1534-7796

  3. The relationship between Serum Isoflavone Level and Brain Volume/Cognitive Function in Elderly Subjects

    辻一郎, 遠又靖丈, THYREAU Benjamin, 瀧靖之, 瀧靖之, 渡邉崇, 杉山賢明, 小暮真奈, CHOU Wan‐Ting, 本蔵賢治, 海法悠, 松尾兼幸, 菅原由美, 曽根稔雅, 曽根稔雅, 高橋英子, 柿崎真沙子, 相田潤

    大豆たん白質研究　17　(35)　90-94　2015/06

    Publisher: 不二たん白質研究振興財団

    ISSN： 1344-4050

  4. An fMRI study on implicit and explicit second language knowledge modulated by task types and proficiency level

    Jeong H, Ellis R, Suzuki W, Kashkouli Nejad K, Thyreau B, Magistro D, Yokoyama S, Kawashima R

    Proceedings of The 17th Annual International Conference of the Japanese Society for Language Sciences　162-163　2015/06

  5. Learning foreign language vocabularies from communicative context: an fMRI study Peer-reviewed

    Jeong H, Sugiura M, Yokoyama S, Hashizume H, Takahashi K, Thyreau B, Suzuki W, Kawashima R

    Proceedings of The 15th Annual International Conference of the Japanese Society for Language Sciences　30-34　2013/07

  6. Relationship between brain anatomy and an ability of non-native speech sound production in school children

    HASHIZUME Hiroshi, TAKI Yasuyuki, THYREAU Benjamin, SASSA Yuko, ASANO Michiko, ASANO Kohei, TAKEUCHI Hikaru, JEONG Hyeonjeong, SUGIURA Motoaki, KAWASHIMA Ryuta

    日本神経化学会大会抄録集(Web)　56th　2013

  7. The relationship between developmental changes in pronunciation and brain activity during speech production in a foreign language

    HASHIZUME Hiroshi, TAKI Yasuyuki, SASSA Yuko, THYREAU Benjamin, ASANO Michiko, ASANO Kohei, TAKEUCHI Hikaru, NOUCHI Rui, KOTOZAKI Yuka, JEONG Hyeonjeong, SUGIURA Motoaki, KAWASHIMA Ryuta

    Technical report of IEICE. Thought and language　112　(145)　19-23　2012/07/14

    Publisher: The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

    ISSN： 0913-5685

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    Childhood is known to be the best time in life to acquire foreign speech sounds. Therefore, it is important for foreign language education to clarify the neural process relating to foreign speech sounds. Healthy right-handed children (aged 6-18 years) participated in this study. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined their brain activation during an overt repetition and perceptual task with native and non-native syllables. The results showed that brain activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis, which is thought to be involved in motor control for speech production, increased with age. Additionally, accuracy of the pronunciation of non-native syllables improved with age. Those results indicate that improvement in foreign speech pronunciation might reflect maturation of the left inferior frontal gyrus.

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Research Projects 2

  1. 脳MRI定量指標の臨床応用へ：AIを用いた画像駆動型緑内障診断ソフトウェアの開発

    舘脇 康子, 瀧 靖之, 中澤 徹, Thyreau Benjamin, 武藤 達士, 面高 宗子

    Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

    System: 科学研究費助成事業

    Category: 基盤研究(C)

    Institution: 東北大学

    2021/04/01 - 2024/03/31

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    緑内障は本邦において推計400万人が罹患する老年病であり、網膜神経節細胞脱落部位に応じた進行性の視野障害を特徴とする。緑内障では網膜だけではなく中枢視路である視神経から大脳視覚野にまで体系的に変性が及び、MRI技術を用いてこれらの変化を詳細に可視化・定量化する試みが行われているが、未だ臨床応用には至っていない。本研究は脳MRI画像から得られる視野障害の程度を反映する定量指標を、客観的な新たな視機能評価法として臨床応用することを目指す。本研究は既存の知見をもとに脳MRI情報から視機能を予測するモデル構築を行い、さらにAIを活用して高精度の診断性能を持つソフトウェア開発を目指したものである。 当初、R3年度は100名のテストデータの収集を予定していたが、コロナ感染の収束が見通せず、データ収集は断念した。代わりに、当該年度では既存の緑内障縦断MRIデータベースの約280症例のデータを用いて、画像解析プログラム開発を進めた。まずは、眼科データの充実化を行った。これまでのデータベースに含まれていたMDやOCTによるRNFLTの値だけではなく、網膜に残存する網膜神経節細胞数の推定値であるwRGC（weighted retinal ganglion cell count）の算出を行い、緑内障進行度を示すパラメータとして追加した。wRGCは緑内障の早期から後期にかけての視機能との追従性が良好で、既存のパラメータと比較して緑内障の進行度をより正確にとらえることができると考えられる。次に、画像解析に先立ち、緑内障縦断コホートの解剖学的3D-T1強調画像を対象としてFreesurferにより詳細な灰白質構造の抽出を行い、percellationとsegmentation技術を用いて全脳の解剖学的構造を関心領域とした、各構造の体積と皮質厚データを取得し、視野を推定する数理モデル作成およびAIシステム構築のための準備を行った。

  2. Neural correlates of implicit and explicit linguistic knowledge of second language learner and individual differences

    Jeong Hyeonjeong, Suzuki Yuichi

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Institution: Tohoku University

    2015/04/01 - 2019/03/31

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    Many second language (L2) studies that have used behavioral measures such as accuracy and reaction time have shown that L2 learners’ linguistic knowledge might be sensitive to the type of task and the level of L2 proficiency. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms of the two types of L2 knowledge (i.e., implicit knowledge and explicit knowledge). The current study examined neural correlates of explicit and implicit knowledge and how they differ according to the type of task, the level of L2 proficiency, and the type of learning environment. The participants were Japanese learners of English, most of whom were studying English in Japan, and Chinese learners of Japanese who were studying Japanese in Japan. Our results suggest that EFL (English as a foreign language) and JSL (Japanese as a second language) learners relied mainly on declarative and procedural knowledge, respectively, to process L2 grammatical knowledge.