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Yoshiro Ogawara

Section

Graduate School of Arts and Letters

Job title

Professor

Degree

researchmap

https://researchmap.jp/7000022475

J-GLOBAL ID

201801020823084357

Research History 9

1998 - 1999

Tohoku University
1998 - 1999

Tohoku University, Research Assistant
2017/04 -

Tohoku University　Graduate School of Arts and Letters
2016/10 -

Hokkaido University
2016/03 -

Hokkaido University
2010/07 -

Hokkaido University　Office of International Affairs International Student Center
2006/04 -

Hokkaido University
2001/04 -

独立行政法人国立国語研究所　日本語教育部門第一領域　研究員
2000/01 -

National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics

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Education 4

Tohoku University

- 1998
Tohoku University　Graduate School, Division of Letters

- 1998
Tohoku University　The Faculty of Arts and Letters

- 1993
Tohoku University　Faculty of Literature

- 1993

Professional Memberships 4

異文化間教育学会
日本語教育学会
日本教育心理学会
日本語教育方法研究会

Research Interests 1

日本語教育

Research Areas 1

Humanities & social sciences / Science education /

Papers 11

地方における大学の登録日本語教員養成課程の課題と展望 Invited Peer-reviewed

小河原義朗

早稲田日本語教育学　(37)　19-23　2024/12
中堅日本語教師研修の実践と課題 ―日本語教育学会JCN 研修を事例にして― Peer-reviewed

小林ミナ, 中島祥子, 義永美央子, 小河原義朗

2024 年度日本語教育学会春季大会予稿集　21-30　2024/05
遠隔地外国人就労者を対象としたオンライン日本語セッションの試み

犬飼亜有美, 小河原義朗

言語科学論集　27　1-12　2023/12
読解における「ペアによる再話活動」の可能性 Invited

小河原義朗, 木谷直之

日本語学　42　(3)　36-47　2023/09
中堅日本語教師研修の内容と方法 Peer-reviewed

小河原義朗, 黒崎誠, 金孝卿, 義永美央子

日本語教育学会春季大会予稿集　2020/05
学習者ペアによる再話活動における相互行為の変化－再話活動を段階的に取り入れた実践を通して－

小河原義朗

文化　82　(1・2)　1-21　2018/09
クラスにおける多文化環境をいかに保障するか：北海道大学における「多文化交流科目」の開発と実践 Peer-reviewed

青木麻衣子, 小河原義朗

多文化間共修多様な文化背景をもつ大学生の学び合いを支援する　77-99　2017/03
Development of the Japanese Standards to ensure communication skills for multicultural co-learning activities

(20)　5-16　2016/12
Publisher:
再話活動のデータを用いた読解素材の分析－読解授業の改善に向けて－ Peer-reviewed

小河原義朗, 木谷直之

言語教育実践イマ×ココ　4　(4)　114-127　2016/10
Publisher: ココ出版
読解授業における再話－学習者ペア活動の相互行為分析－ Peer-reviewed

小河原義朗, 木谷直之, 熊谷智子

小出記念日本語教育研究会論文集　23　5-17　2015/03
多文化交流科目を中心とした日本語教育のカリキュラム改編

小河原義朗

北海道大学国際本部留学生センターブックレット　1　83-96

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Misc. 67

ぼやきを宝に変える

小河原義朗

言語教育実践イマココ　(9)　104-105　2021/12
プログラム冊子,予稿集 (2012年日本語教育国際研究大会(ICJLE2012)報告)

小河原義朗, 松﨑寛

日本語教育　(154)　49-51　2013/04
Publisher: 日本語教育学会
ISSN： 0389-4037
Dictation in listening perception training: Practice and problems

OGAWARA Yoshiro, TAKAHASHI Akiko

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　20　(2)　60-61　2013
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.20.2_60 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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Dictation is considered as one effective means of training at the listening perception stage of the listening comprehension process. An intermediate listening class was conducted in which the teacher uploaded sound files for learners of low listening comprehension ability onto the website; students downloaded them to onto PCs and undertook dictation practice on an independent basis. While some training effectiveness was evident, the construction of a training system to improve the efficiency and continuity of learning remains an important task.
Learners' Dialogic Interactions in Post-reading Re-telling Activities

OGAWARA Yoshiro, KITANI Naoyuki, KUMAGAI Tomoko

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　19　(1)　6-7　2012
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.19.1_6 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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Reading comprehension can be defined as the process of reconstructing a story from reading material. With this definition in mind, we conducted post-reading retelling activity in pairs in one Japanese reading class, in which each pair of learners retold the story to each other. As a result of analyzing their dialogic interactions, we observed some patterns in learners' reconstruction. Their interactions are considered to be influenced by various kinds of factors, such as learners' Japanese proficiency level, their beliefs about reading comprehension, and the level, structure and content of reading material.
Conditions for Designing e- Learning Japanese Language Courseware : Towards the Development of Courseware for System Engineers

TAKAHASHI Akiko, SAITA Izumi, OGAWARA Yoshiro, INOGUCHI Yasushi

Bulletin of Miyagi University of Education　44　277-291　2009
Publisher: Miyagi University of Education
ISSN： 1346-1621

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日本企業では、コスト削減のために中国やインドなどにシステム開発などを委託するオフショア化が進んでいる。これに伴い、日本語ができるSE などの人材が求められており、日本語教育の手段として人的条件やコスト面から遠隔による日本語学習に注目が集まっている。筆者らは、対面式の補助ではなく完全な遠隔環境で、有効に機能する日本語学習コースウェアの設計条件を明確にするため、開発研究を行っている。本稿では、これまでの研究経過とその評価をもとに、設計条件についての検討を行う。
Developing of e-Learning Japanese Language Courseware for System Engineers

TAKAHASHI Akiko, SAITA Izumi, OGAWARA Yoshiro, INOGUCHI Yasushi

Research report of JSET Conferences　2008　(5)　215-220　2008/12/20
Publisher: 日本教育工学会
Making the Pronunciation Checklist in the textbook and Its Use

KAWANO Toshiyuki, OGAWARA YOSHIRO

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　14　(2)　10-11　2007
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.14.2_10 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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We are currently making the textbook for the pronunciation of Japanese. The textbook contains a list of words that many learners have problems with pronunciation. The voice of learners reading the list was recorded, and then the learners judged their pronunciation by themselves. The result shows that the judgment by some of the learners corresponded to that of the teachers, and the learners are conscious of their pronunciation problems.
Creating Self-Generated Standards for Pronunciation through Mutual Discussion

KAWANO Toshiyuki, OGAWARA YOSHIRO

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　13　(2)　10-11　2006
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.13.2_10 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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It has been shown that learners who can use self-generated standards those not necessarily taught by the instructor in monitoring their own performance have better pronunciation. Therefore, in pronunciation teaching, it seems that assisting learners in creating self-generated standards would lead effective learning. In this study, we monitored how 3 Korean learners of Japanese created self-generated standards through mutual discussion. The result shows that comparing to solitary activities, self-monitoring ability is more effectively nurtured through collaborative learning.
IT技術者養成向け日本語教育Webコースウェア

井口寧, 高橋亜紀子, 小河原義朗, 才田いずみ, 堀井洋, 川添良幸

電気関係学会北陸支部連合大会講演論文集(CD-ROM)　2005　E-12　2005/09/19
音声教育について考える(最終回)音声教育とは何か

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(8)　40-43　2005/08
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(第16回)実践を研究する

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(7)　40-43　2005/07
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(14)研究をする自分を見る

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(5)　40-43　2005/05
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(13)研究とは何か

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(4)　40-43　2005/04
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(12)教室の内と外

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(3)　38-41　2005/03
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(11)学習者は何をしているか

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(2)　38-41　2005/02
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(10)学習者は何を考えているか

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　18　(1)　46-49　2005/01
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
Web-based role-play practice: evaluation on its interface design

SAITA Izumi, KURIHARA Michiyo, SEO Jiyun, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki, TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, UCHIYAMA Jun, INOGUCHI Yasushi

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　12　(2)　8-9　2005
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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A Web-based role-play practice package for e-Learning has been developed. Conversations for the practice mainly handle request, order, or negotiation found in the business scenes. To give some interactivity to the inflexible role-play practice, each conversation has a question point where the learner is to decide on how the conversation goes on. Simple interview has been conducted to collect learners' evaluations on the interface design for this particular point. Most learners, both intermediate and advanced ones prefer learner-controlled design to automatic operation, though some advanced learners may regard automatic operation more challenging.
Developing a e-Learning Courseware for System Engineers Learning Japanese

TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SAITA Izumi, INOGUCHI Yasushi, HORII Hiroshi, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　12　(2)　24-25　2005
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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e-Learning has become a more important part of learning Japanese. We have developed a trial e-learning courseware package to assist System Engineers (SE) to learn Japanese, reflecting the urgent need in Japanese companies for overseas SEs who can communicate in Japanese. We collected the data of the real negotiation between SE and clients, analyzed it, and developed this courseware. Therefore, this courseware package is authentic and useful for SE to learn Japanese using their knowledge of computer skills as SE.
音声教育について考える(9)授業を変える

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(12)　38-41　2004/12
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(8)音楽教育のリソース

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(11)　38-41　2004/11
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(7)計画的に教える

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(10)　38-41　2004/10
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(6)何を教えるか

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(9)　36-39　2004/09
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
日本語e‐Learningシステムにおける3次元画像の活用

井口寧, 小河原義朗, 高橋亜紀子, 堀井洋, 才田いずみ, 川添良幸

電気関係学会北陸支部連合大会講演論文集(CD-ROM)　2004　E.23　2004/09
音声教育について考える(5)自分の音声教育観を知る

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(8)　44-47　2004/08
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(4)自分の授業を観察する

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(7)　36-39　2004/07
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(3)唯一絶対の方法は、やっぱり、ない

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(6)　36-39　2004/06
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(2)学習者の意識を高める

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(5)　36-39　2004/05
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
音声教育について考える(1)音声教育をもう一度考えてみる

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

月刊日本語　17　(4)　36-39　2004/04
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 実習で何をすべきか

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　17　(3)　40-45　2004/03
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
日本語音声教育実践におけるコンピュータ利用の課題とその可能性

小河原義朗

フェリス女学院大学日本語教育学論究　(1)　17-23　2004/03
Publisher: フェリス女学院大学日本語教育運営委員会
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 聴解を考える(2)

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　17　(1)　40-45　2004/01
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
On Effectiveness for e-Learning Courseware Design

OGAWARA Yoshiro, TAKAHASHI Akiko, SAITA Izumi, INOGUCHI Yasushi, HORII Hiroshi, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　11　(2)　22-23　2004
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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For autonomous learners of Japanese language, especially for the overseas' residents, speaking is the most difficult skill to develop when learning through Internet or e-Learning. The authors, Japanese language teachers and the Information Scientists, propose the effective courseware design for Japanese e-Learning by adopting video-taped class instruction and 3-dimensional video transmission technology. It equips different modules for encouraging learners to speak out-loud, giving confidence on pronunciation and keeping their motivation high.
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 聴解を考える(1)

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(12)　42-47　2003/12
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 使えるように教える

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(11)　40-45　2003/11
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 授業の評価を考える

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(10)　40-45　2003/10
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 導入を考える

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(9)　38-43　2003/09
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 用法を分析する「〜ています」

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(8)　40-45　2003/08
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! たくさん練習する

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(6)　42-47　2003/06
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 教科書「で」教える

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(5)　42-47　2003/05
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
教育実習で授業を学ぼう! 学習者を見よう

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

月刊日本語　16　(4)　42-45　2003/04
Publisher: アルク
ISSN： 0916-0574
A web-based material for learning Japanese back-channeling and its prosody

才田いずみ, 川添良幸, 小河原義朗, 高橋亜紀子, 平田直哉, 井口寧, 神山博

高等教育改革に資するマルチメディアの高度利用に関する研究平成14年度計画研究　245-250　2003
The possibility of Japanese pronunciation teaching through computer applications

OGAWARA Yoshiro, IKEDA Yuko

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　10　(2)　6-7　2003
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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This study aims to identify contemporary computer technologies that can be beneficial for Japanese pronunciation teaching. It examines the prospects and problems that may arise in this unconventional teaching method. Last but not least, this study examines the development of new software applications, which are essential to both domestic and foreign teachers in embracing the innovative idea of creating an educational experience in applying computer know-how to Japanese pronunciation teaching.
シンポジウム現場での音声教育--日本語らしさとは (第10回小出記念日本語教育研究会より)

谷口聡人, 鮎澤孝子, 小河原義朗

小出記念日本語教育研究会論文集　(10)　157-171　2002/03/31
Publisher: 小出記念日本語教育研究会
ISSN： 1346-0757
自己モニターの促進を目指した音声教育

小河原義朗

小出記念日本語教育研究会論文集　10,164-167　2002
The Influence of Teachers' Beliefs toward Pronunciation Teaching on their Teaching Practices

OGAWARA Yoshiro, KAWANO Toshiyuki

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　9　(1)　2-3　2002
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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This study examines Japanese teachers' actual practices of pronunciation teaching and explores how they are related to the teachers' beliefs toward teaching pronunciation. Based on interviews with 12 Japanese teachers teaching overseas, it was found that the teachers' beliefs acquired through their training and teaching experiences have considerable influences on their decisions of whether or not to teach pronunciation and on their methods of pronunciation teaching.
A Study on Vertical Thinking for a Japanese Teachers' Training Program

KAWANO Toshiyuki, OGAWARA Yoshiro

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　9　(1)　30-31　2002
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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In traditional Japanese teachers' training programs, the goals have not been clear. Thus, we made mid-term and final criterion for skills and knowledge necessary for teaching Japanese and proposed to design a teachers' training program based on them.
日本語非母語話者の話す日本語に対する日本人の評価意識--日本語教育における言語意識 (特集ことばについての意識) Peer-reviewed

小河原義朗

日本語学　20　(8)　64-73　2001/07
Publisher: 明治書院
ISSN： 0288-0822
An Attempt to construct a Japanese Pronunciation Anxiety Scale : The Case of University Students in Thailand

Japanese-Language Education around the Globe　(11)　39-53　2001
Japanese Native Speakers' Evaluation of Foreigners' Japanese Pronunciation

20　(8)　64-73　2001
外国人日本語学習者の日本語発音不安尺度作成の試み-タイ人大学生の場合-

世界の日本語教育　(11)　39-53　2001
PC72 外国人日本語学習者の日本語発音不安尺度作成の試み(3)

小河原義朗

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集　43　(0)　278-278　2001
Publisher: 一般社団法人日本教育心理学会
DOI： 10.20587/pamjaep.43.0_278 　

ISSN： 2189-5538
Native Japanese Speakers' Evaluation of Foreigners' Japanese Pronunciation : The Case of Japanese University Students

OGAWARA Yoshiro

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　8　(1)　28-29　2001
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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This study aims to examine native Japanese speakers' (university students') evaluation of foreigners' Japanese pronunciation. The result of a questionnaire survey showed that the evaluation was roughly divided into "acceptable" and "unacceptable" and that the evaluation was influenced by various factors. This study also suggested that it was crucial for the examination of native Japanese speakers' evaluation to take into consideration their consciousness and mental attitudes towards those influential factors.
Japanese Native Speakers' Evaluation of Foreigners' Japanese Pronunciation:The Case of Japanese Adults who are already working

OGAWARA Yoshiro

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　8　(2)　10-11　2001
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
ISSN： 1881-3968

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This study examines Japanese native speakers' (adults' who are already working) evaluation (their consciousness and mental attitudes) towards foreigners' Japanese pronunciation. The result of questionnaire survey, especially answers to open-ended questions showed that the evaluation was roughly divided into "acceptable" and "unacceptable" and that whether a pronunciation is evaluated as "acceptable" or not depends on the situation of communication. The result also suggested various examples of problems caused by foreigners' Japanese pronunciation in business/professional situations.
PB62 外国人日本語学習者の日本語発音不安尺度作成の試み (2)

小河原義朗

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集　42　(0)　167-167　2000
Publisher: 一般社団法人日本教育心理学会
DOI： 10.20587/pamjaep.42.0_167 　

ISSN： 2189-5538
Pronunciation Anxiety of Foreign students of Japanese

Journal of Linguistic Science Tohoku University　(3)　1999
Pronunciation Anxiety of Foreign students of Japanese

YOSHIRO OGAWARA

Journal of linguistic science, Tohoku University　3　(3)　13-24　1999
Publisher: 東北大学大学院文学研究科言語科学専攻
ISSN： 1343-4586
PD60 外国人日本語学習者の日本語発音不安尺度作成の試み(1)

小河原義朗

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集　41　(0)　458-458　1999
Publisher: 一般社団法人日本教育心理学会
DOI： 10.20587/pamjaep.41.0_458 　

ISSN： 2189-5538
Comparison on the attitudes towards Japanese language lessons : teacher versus teacher-trainees

SAITA Izumi, OGAWARA Yoshiro

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　6　(1)　40-41　1999
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.6.1_40 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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This paper compares the attitude structures of teacher-trainees and a professional teacher towards Japanese language lessons. Each subject's data is obtained by using the Personal Attitude Construct analysis method developed by Naito (1997). The results shows that the attitude differences between the novice teacher-trainees with 8 week teaching practice and an advanced one with one year professional teaching experience are rather subtle. In comparison to a professional teacher with 3 year experience, these two levels of trainees are regarded to be in the same stage in terms of the attitude structure change triggered by the amount of teaching experiences.
The effects of pronunciation learning strategies in Japanese learning

Journal of Linguistic Science Tohoku University　(2)　1-12　1998
日本語学習における発音学習ストラテジーの有効性の検討

東北大学文学部言語科学論集　(2)　1-12　1998
The self-monitoring of foreign students of Japanese in pronunciation learning

Y Ogawara

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY　45　(4)　438-448　1997/12

ISSN： 0021-5015
発音矯正場面における学習者の発音と聴き取りの関係について

小河原義朗

日本語教育　(92)　83-94　1997/03
Publisher: 日本語教育学会
ISSN： 0389-4037
The Relationship between Pronunciation and Perception-A Study of Korean Learners of Japanese-

OGAWARA Yoshiro

Journal of Japanese Language Teaching　92　(92)　83-94　1997
Publisher: 学術雑誌目次速報データベース由来
ISSN： 0389-4037
The learner's consciousness and behavior in learning Japanese pronunciation

OGAWARA Yoshiro

The journal of Japanese Language Education Methods　3　(1)　28-29　1996
Publisher: Japanese Language Education Methods
DOI： 10.19022/jlem.3.1_28 　

ISSN： 1881-3968

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It is important for the effective instruction of Japanese pronunciation to know how a learner of Japanese learn the Japanese pronunciation. An investigation on how the learner's consciousness and his/her behavior in learning Japanese pronunciation affect his/her performance is conducted. As a result, factors that contribute to good performance are obtained.
Dictation by Japanese Language learners

KOBAYASHI Noriko, YAMAMOTO Hilofumi, FORD Niwajunko, OGAWARA Yoshiro

年会論文集　19　25-26　1995/07
Publisher: Japan Society for Science Education (JSSE)
Evaluation toward Foreigners' Japanese Pronunciation by Native Japanese Speakers

Yoshiro OGAWARA

Journal of the Department of Japanese Tohoku University　3　(3)　1-12　1993

ISSN： 0917-4036
外国人の日本語の発音に対する日本人の評価

東北大学文学部日本語学科論集　(3)　1-12　1993

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Books and Other Publications 13

日本語の大疑問２

国立国語研究所

幻冬舎　2024/01

ISBN: 9784344987180
国際共修授業

青木麻衣子・鄭惠先編著・明石書店　2023/03
日本語の大疑問

国立国語研究所編・幻冬社　2021/01

ISBN: 9784344986374
初中級からの読解 : 「再話」を取り入れた日本語授業 : 読んで理解したことが伝えられるようになるために : 40の読解素材付き

小河原, 義朗, 木谷, 直之

凡人社　2020/05

ISBN: 9784893589729
多文化間共修:多様な文化背景をもつ大学生の学び合いを支援する

坂本利子, 堀江未来, 米澤由香子, Sophie Arkoudis, 青木麻衣子, 小河原義朗, 末松和子, 髙木ひとみ, 西岡麻衣子, 平井達也, 秦喜美恵, 坂本利子, 堀江未来, 米澤由香子

学文社　2017/03/10

ISBN: 4762027081
言語教育実践イマ×ココ[創刊号]: 現場(イマ×ココ)の実践を記す・実践を伝える・実践から学ぶ

イマ×ココ編集委員会

ココ出版　2013/10/17

ISBN: 4904595394
日本語教師のための音声教育を考える本

小河原義朗, 河野俊之

アルク　2009/05/01

ISBN: 4757415923
日本語教育の過去・現在・未来第4巻音声

河野俊之, 小河原義朗, 池田優子, 高橋恵利子, 野呂幾久子, 福岡昌子, 松崎寛, 閔光準, 河野俊之, 小河原義朗, 水谷修

凡人社　2009/04/25

ISBN: 4893587072
日本語教師のための「授業力」を磨く30のテーマ。

河野俊之, 小河原義朗

アルク　2006/11/01

ISBN: 4757411138
対照研究と日本語音声教育

日本語と外国語との対照研究Ｘ対照研究と日本語教育くろしお出版　2002
Contrastive Liguistics and Japanese Pronunciation Training

Contrastive Studies of Japanese and Foreign Language X,Contrastive Linguistics and Japanese Language Teaching,　2002
教科書社会心理学(共著)

北大路書房　2000
Textbook Social psychology

2000

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Research Projects 34

聴解コーパスの構築による日本語学習者の聴解困難点と推測技術の実証的研究

野田尚史, 松崎寛, 小河原義朗, 中俣尚己, 阪上彩子

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 基盤研究(B)

Institution: 日本大学

2022/04/01 - 2026/03/31

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本研究は，日本語学習者が日本語を聞いてどう理解したかというデータを「思考発話法」によって収集し，それを「日本語非母語話者の聴解コーパス」として公開するとともに，そのデータをさまざまな角度から分析して，日本語学習者の聴解困難点と推測技術を明らかにするものである。具体的には，聴解が苦手な学習者はどのような部分の聴解がなぜ難しいのか，また，聴解が得意な学習者はわからない部分をどのように推測しているのかを明らかにした上で，「聴解教育では何を教えればよいのか」を考察する。 2023年度は，調査を行う際に調査協力者に示す書類のインドネシア語版とハンガリー語版，説明ビデオのインドネシア語版を作成した。また，中国語話者・韓国語話者・英語話者・フランス語話者を対象に調査を行った。さらに，2022年度までに行った調査を含め，調査によって得られたデータの文字化・日本語訳・校閲を進めた。そして，「日本語非母語話者の聴解コーパス」（http://www.nodahisashi.org/jsl-rikai/choukai/index.html）に新たに24件のデータを掲載した。その内訳は，中国語話者・独話型6件，中国語話者・対話型1件，韓国語話者・独話型1件，韓国語話者・対話型11件，ミャンマー語話者・独話型5件である。研究成果としては，「聴解教育における教師の役割―日本語オンライン教材を使用した学習者の反応に基づいて―」という雑誌論文を発表し，「日本語母語話者のわかりにくい話し方―日本語非母語話者の聴解調査に基づいて―」や「日本語学習者による日本語の理解過程―理解困難点と推測技術―」などの学会発表を行った。その他，研究協力者である島田めぐみと奥野由紀子が学会発表を行った。
聴解コーパスの構築による日本語学習者の聴解困難点と推測技術の実証的研究

野田尚史, 松崎寛, 小河原義朗, 中俣尚己, 阪上彩子

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 基盤研究(B)

Institution: 日本大学

2022/04/01 - 2026/03/31
多文化共生に向けた日本語教育人材育成を目指したオンライン日本語会話システムの開発

小河原義朗, 高橋亜紀子, 島崎薫, 田鎖楠奈

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 挑戦的研究(萌芽)

Institution: 東北大学

2020/07/30 - 2023/03/31

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昨年度作成した試行版を使って、様々な日本語非母語話者を対象にオンラインによる日本語会話セッションを試行した。地域の様々な対象者である日本語非母語話者とセッションの実施者である複数の日本語母語話者が積極的に参加するためには、オンライン上に設定した場に、より簡便に、スムーズに、負担なくアクセスできることが必要である。しかし、セッションの使用媒体として選定した無料のzoomを使用する場合、複数の対象者と実施者間で行う予約、マッチング、日程調整、情報共有等の事前手続きが予想よりも煩雑であり、システムを１つに固定するよりも、対象者や実施者によってシステムを柔軟に変えた方が対応しやすいことがわかってきた。また、そのようにして実施したセッション自体は、特に対象者の個別のニーズや学習環境に合った内容をオンラインで提供することが可能であり、対象者からも評価が高く、セッションの継続の希望も得られた。しかし、そのように対象者と実施者によってシステムを柔軟に変えて対応する場合、セッションを維持し継続して実施するためにどのような実施内容のデザインと体制で進めるかが課題となる。特によりスムーズな事前手続きと、適切なシステムの改変を行うためにどのようにシステムを補う人的サポートを行うかという課題が明らかになった。さらにセッションごとに増えていくデータをどのように格納し、それらを分析するためのデータ共有と保存の問題も改善する必要がわかった。
Development of a listening practice system for sound modifications in spoken Japanese and results of trials in listening classes

OGAWARA YOSHIRO, TAKAHASHI AKIKO, INOGUCHI YASUSHI

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Hokkaido University

2014/04/01 - 2017/03/31

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The purpose of this research is to develop a listening practice system for automating phonetic perception of sound modifications in spoken Japanese and to improve the system through trial use in classes. As practice materials, short sentences and conversations incorporating sound modifications in spoken Japanese were composed and recorded, and CM and other video materials were collected from the internet. A system featuring these contents was constructed on the computer, and practice focusing on dictation was carried out in listening classes. It was found that learners’ listening ability improved as a result, and further development is planned based on the obtained findings.
Study on the reading process by an interactional analysis of retelling by learner pairs

KUMAGAI Tomoko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, KITANI Naoyuki

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tokyo Woman's Christian University

2013/04/01 - 2016/03/31

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With the aim of developing new activities for Japanese reading classes, this study investigated learners’ reading processes through repeated cycles of 1) a retelling activity, in which learners tell what they have read and understood to their pair partners and check and/or compare each other’s understanding, 2) the collection and analysis of the retelling activity interactions and 3) improved class activities based on information from the analyses. The results showed the retelling activity helped the learners organize and clarify their comprehension. The cycles of classroom activities, analyses and improvement provided information that increased our knowledge about the selection of reading materials, the order of use of materials and effective combinations of classroom activities.
A research on CALL for enriching Japanese learners' conversational capacity

SAITA IZUMI, TAKAHASHI Akiko, INOGUCHI Yasushi, OGAWARA Yoshiro

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tohoku University

2013/04/01 - 2016/03/31

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This research aims at providing Japanese language learners effective support to have pleasurable chat with both native and non-native speakers of Japanese, as chitchatting sometimes becomes very hard for the learners. For the purpose, casual talks in contact situation held by three women from China, Taiwan and Japan, and by same-sex three pairs of native Japanese were collected and analyzed. Quite a few video clips are found on the web-material as the learning resource. The analysis shows that the native speakers' chats have narratives as their main construct, but the chats in contact situation have asking and giving information instead. Though the asking leads the flow of the talk, the answer also plays an important role for the conversation. If the answer is poor with little information, the chat can easily come to an end. Therefore, the tasks to give the answers which invite good prompt reactions are equipped in the web-material.
Towards Developing a Framework for Co-learning in Multicultural Classrooms to Contribute to a Globally Oriented Human Resource Development

TAKAHASHI AYA, AOKI Maiko, YAMADA Tomohisa, OGAWARA Yoshiro, JUNG Hyeseon

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

2013/04/01 - 2015/03/31

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The research here attempts to study the conceptual foundations and a framework for co-learning in multi-cultural classrooms with international and Japanese students studying at universities in Japan from an international perspective. Through the research and studies of Australian, British, Korean, and Japanese cases, this project showed the importance of consideration of a range of conditions surrounding the multi-cultural classroom when planning and improving courses, including the conditions and patterns in education in the various countries, educational goals and purposes followed by the universities, the position and roles of individual courses provided, the number of international and Japanese students in a course, and other aspects of the educational settings in which the courses are taking place.
The Study on teacher's skill and teaching materials for self study of Japanese pronunciation

KAWANO TOSHIYUKI, OGAWARA Yoshiro

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Yokohama National University

2011 - 2013

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In this study, based on the research of Japanese pronunciation teaching utilizing self-monitoring, we have developed a pronunciation teaching material for self-study. It is an e-learning material which has a platform Moodle. It is expected to publish as soon as possible we can clear the problem of security. In addition, the teacher's skill in order that the material is used more effectively was clarified. It was published in "Onseikyouiku-no Jissen" (Kuroshio Publishing) in February 2015 .
Construction and application of a Japanese listening perception training system aimed at the automization of phonetic perception

OGAWARA YOSHIRO, TAKAHASHI Akiko, INOGUCHI Yasushi

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Hokkaido University

2011 - 2013

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The object of this research is to achieve more effective listening comprehension in Japanese by focusing on the phonetic perception stage as the basis of the comprehension process and constructing a computerized training system aimed at the automization of Japanese phonetic perception. Since learners who have problems at the listening perception stage need to link sounds to their existing knowledge, the training method adopted focuses on dictation exercises where learners directly write down sounds. A system with recorded content was installed in the computer, and a practical trial was conducted in the Japanese class. Feedback was generally favorable, and further improvements are expected based on ongoing results.
High quality provision method of Japanese e-Learning courseware using the Cloud.

INOGUCHI Yasushi, TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SAITA Izumi, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

Institution: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

2011 - 2012

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This research addresses to build streaming points in Cloud system to reduce transfer delay and smooth e-learning environment. In Japanese educational area, e-learning is much expected as a new generation educational tool due to the low density of learners. However, there are serious problem such as transfer delay and slow response time. This research adopts the Could that are recently grown, and build streaming point to serve teaching materials for Japanese learning in the world. Using the Cloud, we have established a smooth distribution system for Japanese learning.
Research on a CALL for promoting social-phase-conscious use ofJapanese

SAITA Izumi, TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, INOGUCHI Yasushi, O Jeongbae

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tohoku University

2010 - 2012

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The purpose of the research is to develop a computer-assisted language learning system which fosters the learners of Japanese who can select and use the socio-linguistically proper variations. in terms of the forms and intonation. The system equips three language behaviors: confirming the given instruction, asking the intentions and offering, with their video clips, speaking practices and the appropriacy judgement practices on the forms and intonation. In addition, video clips which have “role-languages" are presented.
The Study on the Learning System for the Pronunciation Teaching Utilizing Self-monitoring

KAWANO Toshiyuki, OGAWARA Yoshiro

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Yokohama National University

2008 - 2010

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We made the textbook for Japanese pronunciation utilizing self-monitoring and studied teacher's skill for using it. Moreover, we developed the e-learning system that can make up for the disadvantage of large classes.
The analysis of utterance data in the teaching and learning situation of Japanese pronunciation

OGAWARA Yoshiro, IKEDA Yuko, INOGUCHI Yasushi

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Hokkaido University

2008 - 2010

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Even if the purpose of the practice of teaching Japanese pronunciation is the same, the process to the result is different. For evaluating and improving the practice, it is necessary to analyze the process of practice to the result. For that, the analysis of utterance data in the teaching and learning situation makes it possible to observe the process to the result. And the accumulation and the sharing of such analysis also enable us to reflect not only the teachers' belief and practice but also how pronunciation teaching should be.
Research on Polyphyletic Multimedia System for Japanese Language Learning

SAITA Izumi, NAJIMA Yoshinao, OH Jeong-bae, INOGUCHI Yasushi, TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, YOSHIMURA Yumiko, KATO Yukari, KAWAI Kazuhisa, MIYAZOE-WONG Yuko, KURIHARA Michiyo

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Institution: Tohoku University

2006 - 2008
日本語音声教育支援システムの評価と改善-授業実践における利用とその分析を通して-

小河原義朗

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 若手研究(B)

2005 - 2007

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本年度は国内外の現場教師と連携し,実際の現場において本システムの利用を通した評価を行うと同時に,その本システムを利用した音声教育実践の検討と分析を行ってきた。また,前年度に引き続き,日本語音声教育を中心に音声データベース,CAI,CALL,音声分析ソフトなどを収集・試用し,音声教育へのコンピュータ利用可能性の観点から現状と問題点を整理・分析することを通して,本システムの評価を行った。その結果,音声教育支援のためのコンピュータの機能として大きく(1)音声の検索・整理・分析,(2)聞き取り・発音練習,(3)比較,(4)視覚化,(5)合成,(6)評価が整理され,本システムでは特に(4)が(2)(3)と組み合わされた形で配備されており,授業実践においては教師の適切な支援により,学習者のメタ認知を効果的に促し得るものとして評価された。具体的には,学習者が自律的に自身の発音・聞き取り上の問題点を改善するための認知過程,つまり「問題点の認知と分析→改善のための試行錯誤→修正」の過程において,教師が本システムを活用することにより,学習者による認知対象の観察と制御を支援し,学習者のメタ認知を活性化する事例を見出すことができた。しかし,コンピュータの効果的な利用に際しては,各現場において上記機能をいつ,何のためにどのように利用するのか、コース・デザインの中で考えることが大前提であることが改めて指摘される。場当たり的にあるリソースを安易に利用するのでは意味がなく,体系的・計画的・継続的な音声教育のどこにどのように組み込んでいくのかが十分に検討されなければならない。音声教育の理念的な検討が不十分であることが,コンピュータの音声教育への利用に向けた大きな課題である。
Development of the textbook for the pronunciation of Japanese and its teacher's manual

KAWANO Toshiyuki, OGAWARA Yoshiro, MATSUZAKI Hiroshi

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Yokohama National University

2005 - 2007

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1) The teachers guide for "Ichinichi Juppun no Hatsuon Renshu" We taught Japanese prosody, referring to the teacher's guide for "Ichinichi Juppun no Hatsuon Renshu" and examined its contents. We also distributed the teacher's guide to Japanese teachers and requested the trial. We are in the process of analyzing their responses. In addition, we investigated the knowledge and abilities necessary to understand and to use the textbook and the teacher's guide, arid are investigating how such knowledge and abilities have been treated in Japanese teacher training. 2) The textbook for Japanese pronunciation using "self-monitor" We examined the phonetic errors made by native speakers of English, Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), Korean, Thai, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Spanish, Pilipino and Portuguese. Based on the analysis, we made the pronunciation checklist and are giving it a trial. Furthermore, we examined the effective self-generated standards by the learners who can perceive and pronounce correctly. Based on this examination, we made the textbook for Japanese pronunciation using "self-monitor" for trial purposes. Moreover, we trained the teachers who plan to use these textbooks and teacher's guide.
IT技術者養成向け日本語教育e-Learningシステムに関する研究

井口寧, 高橋亜紀子, 小河原義朗, 堀井洋, 才田いずみ, 川添良幸

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 萌芽研究

Institution: 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学

2005 - 2006

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今年度は,第三者に供用可能な日本語e-Learningシステムを完成させ,実際の利用を通じて学習効果を調べた.この時に,遠隔会議システムを利用したソフトを利用した.完成したe-Learningコースウェアを国内外の日本語教育機関に供用し,学習効果のフィードバックを得た.日本語教育学の研究者が,海外の提携校を通じてコースウェアの評価を依頼し,本システムの学習効果を明かにした.得られたフィードバックを参考にしながら,本e-Learningシステムの改良およびシステムの拡充を行なった. 研究実施項目(平成18年度)-日本語e-Learningシステムの完成・試用と評価 2.1)商用e-Lerningベースソフトウェアを用いた,第三者が利用可能な学習コースウェアの構築. 2.2)国内外の日本語学習者による試用,フィードバックの回収 2.3)国内外のIT技術者による評価(用語の使い方,学習法は適切か) 2.4)日本語e-Learningシステムの改良,システムの拡充今年度は特に遠隔会議システムを多用したシステムを構築し,実際に海外在住の日本語学習者と日本国内に在住する日本語学習者との間で会話練習を行った.その結果,この試みは学習者の興味を引くが,実際に遠隔会議システムを用いるためには事前に音声レベルの調整などが必要なこと,およびロールプレイを行うためには,積極的なきっかけ作りが必要なことが分かった.
Research on Distance Learning System for Japanese Language with Diverse Media Application

SAITA Izumi, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki, NAJIMA Yoshinao, INOGUCHI Yasushi, TAKAHASHI Akiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tohoku University

2004 - 2005

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The purpose of this research is clarifying the conditions under which the distance learning system for Japanese language functions effectively. The system should be constructed to work fully in completely remote environment. In this system, special attention is paid on maintaining learners' motivation. One of the strategies employed is the active use of the multi-layered medium, i.e. mono-media through multimedia, in the learning material design. On the web, there already exist many sites for Japanese language learning, however, in terms of quality, they are not at all sufficient for the learners whose interest lies on self-study and free access. Thus this project developed a prototype module of pronunciation learning in 2004 and a web-based role-play practice in 2005. The pronunciation learning module got good evaluation from learners at the pilot test. It is a module and designed quite independently from the other part of the courseware, so that it can be attach to any types of courseware. The web-based role-play practice has different situations in different levels and the star indication leads a learner to the suitable ones. Business situations are most frequently introduced to meet learners' needs world-wide. To give some interactivity to the inflexible role-play practice, each conversation has a question point where the learner is to decide on the flow of the conversation. A pilot study was conducted to collect learner evaluations. Learners evaluate the contents of the video clips and the cultural information very highly by their authenticity. On the interface design, most learners, both intermediate and advanced, prefer learner-controlled design to automatic operation. In Australia and in Singapore, there is no difficulty in accessing to the site, in Vietnam, on the contrary, there observed some difficulty to access the longer video clips.
Research on the role of a teacher's teacher for Japanese teacher education in the future

YANAGISAWA Yoshiaki, SUGAI Hideaki, KANEDA Tomoko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, MARUYAMA Keisuke, FUKUNAGA Yuka

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Institution: The National Institute for Japanese Language

2003 - 2005

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We did the following researches, and got the conclusion. 1. Research of the teacher's activity by interview and questionnaire (1) Analysis of the teacher's activity form view point of social-psychology, group dynamics, Interpersonal perception, social cognition, persuasive communication, and attitude change, collective behavior, the social skill (2) Analysis of the teacher's activity form view point of teaching method, teaching skills, class management, classroom management, course design, information processing, problem-solving process (3) Analysis of the teacher's activity form view point of organization management, organization , and group norm 2. Research of the role of teacher's teacher by interview and questionnaire (1) Training program (The Japan Foundation Japanese Kokusai Center and private dispatch program) (2) Analysis of material concerning employee evaluation of enterprise 3. Making teacher education material data base and disclosing in Web site 4. Holding of the open research meeting "Japanese teacher education and training" (January, 2006). In conclusion, we showed the teacher evaluation sheets form several view points, changing form web site(http://www.kokken.go.jp/jsl/) to web site (http://homepage3.nifty.com/nihongo/), depending on the abolition of the national Research of Japanese Language.
外国人の日本語の発音に対する日本人評価の研究-方法論の検討と日本語教育への応用-

小河原義朗

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 若手研究(B)

Institution: 独立行政法人国立国語研究所

2003 - 2004

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外国人日本語発話データとその評価データの収集を行った。具体的には,設定された場面で外国人と日本人の日本語によるやりとりをMDとビデオで録音,録画した。やりとりの後,当事者である外国人と日本人に個別にビデオを再生し,やりとりの最中に考えたことや思ったことをすべて発話してもらった。さらに,やりとりの録音データと録画データに含まれる外国人の話す日本語について,一般の日本人を対象に評価してもらい,日本人評価データを収集、分析した。また,日本語の学習経験がなく,日本語学習のために来日した外国人日本語学習者1名を対象に来日直後から帰国するまでの一年間,縦断的に日本語の授業や普段の日常生活における日本人との日本語によるコミュニケーションにおいて,特に発音に関することで思ったことや考えたことについて自由にダイアリー形式でデータを収集、分析した。その結果、やりとりの際に外国人が自分の日本語について考えていることに関して相手の日本人はあまり意識していないこと,そのやりとりの当事者である日本人による相手の外国人の日本語に対する評価と第三者の日本人による評価は異なること,第三者の日本人による評価も音声媒体と映像媒体では異なること等,日本人評価研究のための方法論的な示唆が得られた。また,外国人が日本での日常生活における日本人との日本語によるコミュニケーションにおいて,どのような発音上の問題を感じ,どのように受け止めているのかについて,具体的なデータが得られた。
The Contrastive Linguistic Database for Japanese Language Learners' Spoken Language in Japanese and their First Languages : Design and Application

USAMI Yo, INOUE Masaru, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SUGIMOTO Fusako, SANO Hiroshi, SASAKI Yasuko

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Institution: The National Institute for Japanese Language(NIJLA)

2002 - 2004

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For the purpose of teaching Japanese as a second language, we planned compiling the contrastive linguistic database for spoken language. The database contains 1)spoken data produced by Japanese language learners both in Japanese and their first languages (Chinese, Korean or Thai), and 2)spoken data produced by native Japanese speakers in Japanese. The forms of spoken data are 1)reading of written articles, 2)speech based on given topics, and 3)role-playing based on given role cards which describe the situation and roles of both participants of the conversation. Using this database, we also aim to organize researches in various domains such as error analysis, contrastive linguistic research, and comparison among conversational strategies deriving from the learners' mother tongues (or their mother cultures). In March 2005,we released a DVD which contains the contrastive linguistic database for spoken language. The number of data is as the following : <data spoken in Japanese> Reading 120 Speech 130 Role Playing 80 <data spoken in learners' mother tongues> Reading 90 Speech 120 Role Playing 60
日本語非母語話者の話す日本語の発音に対する日本人評価に関する基礎的研究

小河原義朗

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 若手研究(B)

Institution: 独立行政法人国立国語研究所

2001 - 2002

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本年度は昨年度に引き続き、発話データ収集の前段階として評価の対象としてどのような発話データを集めるべきかを継続して検討した。具体的には、昨年度までの研究成果や研究会等での発表・情報収集から、外国人の日本語発話において日本人評価に影響を与える要因として、以下の(a)〜(d)の4つが示唆されている。 (a)「学習者要因」:学習者の母語、学習暦、学習レベル、誤用の性質等 (b)「発話形式」:発話場面(公的・私的等)、スピーチレベル(普通体・丁寧体等)、朗読、独話、対話等 (c)「発話内容」:説明、交渉、質問、解説、切迫性等 (d)「媒体」:音声テープ・映像等そこで、上記4つの要因を取り上げて検討し、各要因に対応した日本語発話の収録・整備を継続した。また、評価方法を検討した上で、一般の日本人に対する評価実験を行うことにより、特に(b)発話形式、(c)発話内容、(d)媒体と評価者となる日本人自身の社会心理学的要因を主に取り上げ、日本人評価の結果と発話理解度との関係について検討を行っている(継続中)。現在のところ、コミュニケーションにおける音声的要素の役割という観点からは、発話場面の影響が大きく、音声的要素を原因とした、接触場面におけるコミュニケーション上の問題についての情報収集の必要性が示唆された。全体的には、評価対象としての日本語発話の選定、及び日本人評価のための具体的な基準や手続きの検討が進み、日本人評価研究のための方法論の基礎が整理された。
Language Testing and. Evaluation m Japanese language Education -An Analysis and Collection of Basic Resources

SUGAI Hideaki, YANAGISAWA Yoshiaki, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SUGIMOTO Akiko, AKAGI Hirofumi

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: The National Institute for Japanese Language

2001 - 2002

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1. Aim of the research. This study presents a systematic analysis of information collected on language testing and evaluation. The aim is to introduce recent theories developed in the last 15 years to Japanese language educators. It is hoped that this research would be beneficial to instructors who implement testing. Internet tools useful in the design of language tests were also developed and made publicly accessible. Traditionally, not much attention was paid to evaluation in Japanese language education. However, through my work on the Examination for Japanese University Admission for International Students (EJU) ,I have developed an interest in this field and believe that this investigation would make a positive contribution to the quality of Japanese language education. 2. Research methodology and results. First, sample questions were collected from various institutions such as the EJU, the Korean JPT, TOEFL, SAT II, CPE, IELTS and DELE. Next, literature in areas that are well-developed in English language teaching but have not been introduced in Japanese language teaching were gathered. Based on these resources, this report covers the following : 1) theories that are new in Japanese language education ; 2) item writing skills essential to language testing ; 3) comparative analysis of actual test items used in listening, reading and writing tests ; and 4) review of recent evaluation methods and research areas. 3. Implications of the research. A CD entitled 'Internet resources on language testing' was produced (available on the internet). The CD includes : 1) a database listing literature on testing and evaluation ; 2) an item bank for maintaining test items; 3) a software for generating test items (trial version) ; and 4) a game testing learners' vocabulary strength. Furthermore, the findings were utilized in the publication of two papers and the preparation of two events, namely the 14^<th> Kotoba Forum and the 2002 Japanese Language Education Short-term Training Course.
外国人なまりに対する日本人評価の社会心理学的・実験音声学的研究

小河原義朗

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

System: 科学研究費助成事業

Category: 奨励研究(A)

1999 - 2000

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本年度は、日本人評価に影響を与えている社会心理学的な要因を明らかにするために、昨年度実施した日本人評価意識調査を一般大学生だけでなく社会人に拡大し、特にその属性と評価意識の関係を念頭に置いて実施した。そして、日本人評価意識の実態を広く把握し、様々な日本人の評価意識や心的態度を容易に把握できる「日本人評価尺度」の作成を試みた。その結果に基づいて日本人評価者側の社会心理学的な要因を統制した上で、尺度の信頼性・妥当性を検討し、次年度に研究を発展させていくための予備的な属性別音声評価実験を試行した。その結果、大きく以下の3点が示唆された。 (1)日本人評価に関する調査・研究を行う際には、評価対象となる日本語発話や音声だけでなく、評価者である日本人側の評価意識・心的態度を考慮する必要がある。 (2)予備的ではあるが、評価実験の結果、尺度得点と評価得点の関係から、これまでの質問紙の結果が支持され、本調査における項目が尺度として利用できる可能性が示唆された。 (3)「寛容」「非寛容」に関わらず、公的場面など日本人評価が厳しくなる場面があることが明示された。これは音声教育の重要性だけでなく、場面を考慮した発音指導、ロールプレイ、ダイアローグなどの教材作成の必要性を示唆している。今後は、母集団が一般日本人ということから、本調査結果を踏まえた大規模調査につなげていくこと、さらに尺度の信頼性・妥当性を検討する予備的な評価実験にとどまったことから、調査の拡大と継続を通して尺度の精度を上げつつ、最終目的である評価内容について実験的に検討することが課題となる。そのためにも平行して日本語教育における日本人評価研究方法論の検討を進める予定である。
Compilation of Bilingual Corpus in Japanese and Asian Languages

MAEDA Yo, NAKAMICHI Makio, OGAWARA Yoshiro, KUMAGAI Tomoko, SANO Hiroshi, SASAKI Yasuko

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).

Institution: The National Language Research Institute(NLRI)

1999 - 2000

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The primary purpose of this project is to collect the following four datasets and to compile a database out of them : 1)Essays in Japanese composed by learners of Japanese as a second language 2)The translation of 1)into the learner's mother tongue(or the language in which s/he is best at writing) 3)The revisions of 1)corrected by teachers of Japanese as a second language 4)Information on the learners' and the revisers' linguistic background(e. g. their history of Japanese learning/teaching) Based on this corpus, we also aim to organize researches in various domains such as : 1)Comparison between Japanese and the languages which appeared in the corpus 2)Error analyses of Japanese essays 3)Comparison of discourse structures deriving from the learners' mother tongue 4)Methods of correcting essays In August 2000 we published the database named "Essays and Translation by Learners of Japanese Language and Corrections by NS/NNS Instructors ver. 1(test version)", which contains essays written by 800 learners from seven different Asian courtiers, and we distributed it to researchers inside and outside Japan. In December 2000 we organized at the NLRI an international symposium based on the Test Version. In this meeting were presented studies in such areas as 1)comparison between Japanese and other languages, 2)differences in language behaviors and discourse structures, 3)application to the instruction of essay writing, and so on. In March 2001, we published, the database ver. 2(complete version)", to which contributed 1100 learners from 10 different Asian countries and regions. Now we have plan to compile, on one hand, another essay database including European and American languages, and on the other hand, a speech corpus by learners of Japanese, besides carrying out further researches based on the existing data.
A Study on Two-way Distance Learning System of Japanese Language

SAITA Izumi, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SUZUKI Atsuko, KAWAZOE Yoshiyuki, INOGUCHI Yasushi, KAMIYAMA Hiroshi

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY

1999 - 2000

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The purpose of the research is to develop a Two-way Multimedia Japanese Language Learning System which helps the Japanese learners who especially are in distance or off-class situations to be better communicators in the cross-cultural situations. The system is to enhance learners' socio-linguistic skills of Japanese, by putting special focus on the "aizuchi" (back-channeling behavior in conversation) and the "cut-in" behavior on others' conversation using authentic video clips on the web. The frequent back-channelings are one of the characteristics of the Japanese conversational behaviors. Besides, there might be very few Japanese learners who notice the importance of the aizuchi just by observing native speakers' behaviors. Thus the aizuchi is a indispensable factor to learn and the key to a better Japanese communication. As for the basic data for the construction of the video database, a small-scale research on the perceptional evaluation on the video and audio quality has been conducted. Judging from its result and considering the convenience for the Macintosh users, rather large populations in the overseas Japanese Language Teaching environment, the video-clips are put in the mpeg 1 form on the web now. This web-based system contains authentic video clips with brief explanation on the featured socio-linguistic behaviors and the transcriptions of the conversations, all of which are available on demand. Although some more finishing works are still needed, the learner will also be able to access the modified version of the clips, whenever one wants to study the conversation in slower speech rate and clearer pronunciation. Tasks and practices for getting the skills will be prepared on the screen as well. Users' evaluation has not been obtained either, the system will be of good help for the learners who are distant from the authentic and socio-linguistic information on Japanese language and its users.
An inquiry into the relation between the speech style and the speech production of learners of Japanese as a second language

SUKEGAWA Yasuhiko, OGAWARA Yoshiro, MAEKAWA Kikuo

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tohoku University

1999 - 2000

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It is well known that Japanese long vowels are difficult for learners of Japanese as a second language, Expressions like "double-length", "two beats" or the like are found in Japanese textbooks. In actual speech, however, length of some long vowels is shortened and they sound like short vowels. In this resarch, we describe preliminary research of the long-vowel-shortening phenomena which was carried out using three different research methods. First, we analyzed acoustically recordings of native speakers reading sentences written on cards and found that long-vowel-shortening did not occur. Then we analyzed a recording of spontaneous conversation and found out that long-vowel-shortening was more likely to occur at non-word-initial positions than at word-initial-positions. Lastly we prepared synthesized sentences in which vowel length was controlled in ten stages and carried out a categorical perception test. The results indicated that native speakers of Japanese have less keen sense of vowel shortening at non-word-initial positions than at word-initial positions.
A Research on the Attitude Changes of the Teacher-trainees and the Learners in Japanese Language Teaching Practice

SAITA Izumi, OGAWARA Yoshiro, SUZUKI Atsuko, KIKUCHI Akio

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Institution: Tohoku University

1997 - 1998

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The research purpose is to investigate how the experience in teaching or learning in the Japanese language lessons held by the teacher-trainees invites the attitude changes of teacher trainees and the learners. As for the teacher-trainees, undergraduate level and the graduate level subjects were examined. The data were collected by using questionnaires and the Personal Attitude Construct Analysis Method developed by Naito (1997).For the purpose of comparison, one young professional teacher with three year teaching experience was also investigated. The undergraduate level changed their images on the Japanese language lessons from the very vague one to the concrete one. Just before the teaching practice starts, they showed little involvement in images. Most of the images described seemed as if quoted from a methodology book, After the teaching experiences, they became quite subjective. Their comments were full of what they did or did not, what they should have done and how they felt. Very few comments on the learners were obtained. The graduate level subjects, who happened to have one year professional teaching experience, showed that they had their own policies when entering in a language classroom. This is one of the big difference between undergraduate and graduate trainees. However, the class images that the graduate ones had were also consisted of various factors that had to do with themselves, not with learners. In contrast, the professional teacher showed quite different class images by referring to how the learning ingeneral would be taken place, how the language learners might feel about learning, and how a teacher can help them to get rid of the frustration. In conclusion, two levels of trainees are regarded to be in the same stage in the process of attitude structure change which is supposed to be triggered by the amount of teaching experiences.
日本語発音学習における学習者の社会心理学的要因に関する研究 Competitive
The learner's social-psychological factors in Learning Japanese Pronunciation Competitive
Construct of Japanese Learner's speech data-base Competitive
Evaluation toward Foreigners' Japanese by Native Japanese Speakers Competitive
外国人日本語音声データベースの作成 Competitive
外国人の話す日本語に対する日本人評価に関する研究 Competitive

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