Details of the Researcher

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Yerem Hwang
Section
Graduate School of Arts and Letters
Job title
Degree

  • Doctor of Philosophy (The University of Tokyo)

Profile

『宣教師と中国をめぐる「知」の構築: アヘン戦争戦争以前のプロテスタント』(東京大学出版会、2023年、376ページ)

  (Missionaries and Constructing Knowledge on China: Protestants before the Opium War)

UTokyo BiblioPlaza (和文紹介)

UTokyo BiblioPlaza(英文紹介)

アマゾンへのリンク

東京大学出版会へのリンク

 

関連書評　・豊岡康史『歴史学研究』第 1065号 51-54 (2025年) 

                  ・大家俊子『キリスト教学』第66号 147-151(2024年)

 

Professional Memberships 9

  • 日本基督教学会

    2026/04 - Present

  • 日本近代仏教史研究会

    2025/05 - Present

  • アジア交流史研究会

    2022/10 - Present

  • The Society of Historical Studies of Christianity, JAPAN

    2015/12 - Present

  • 中華圏プロテスタント研究会

    2014/09 - Present

  • The Association of Christian Studies, Rikkyo University

    2014/04 - Present

  • Association for Asian Studies (AAS)

    2024/10 - 2025/10

  • Tōhō Gakkai

    2015/12 - 2019/03

  • The Historical Society of Japan

    2014/04 - 2019/03

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Research Interests 5

  • 大乗仏教とキリスト教

  • 近代仏教学史

  • 景教、東方キリスト教、東洋学、学問史、キリスト教と仏教との関係

  • プロテスタント宣教師、イギリス東インド会社、シノロジー形成

  • アジア聖書翻訳史、アジアキリスト教史、宣教師と学問、東西交流史、キリスト教史

Research Areas 1

  • Humanities & social sciences / History - Asia/Africa /

Awards 1

  1. The 4th UTokyo Jiritsu Award for Early Career Academics

    2023/04　The University of Tokyo　Book-Missionaries and Constructing Knowledge on China: Protestants before the Opium War

Papers 13

  1. Protestant Missionary Timothy Richard’s Understanding of Buddhism: A Mode of Buddhist Knowledge in the Modern Era Peer-reviewed

    HWANG Yerem

    The Bulletin of Institute for Christian Studies Meiji Gakuin University　(58)　137-162　2026/02

    DOI： 10.24620/0002001117 　

  2. Arthur Lloyd’s Perspective on Buddhism: From Advocating Mahāyāna to Constructing Buddhist-Christian Monism Peer-reviewed

    HWANG Yerem

    Christian Studies　(67)　1-24　2025/12

    Publisher:

  3. Exploring Missionary to China: E. J. Eitel’s Knowledge on Buddhism Peer-reviewed

    Yerem HWANG

    The Bulletin of Institute for Christian Studies Meiji Gakuin University　(57)　127-156　2025/02

    Publisher: Institute For Christian studies Meiji Gakuin University

  4. Legges Apart: Evaluating Accounts of Missionary-Sinologist James Legge in the Two Modern Biographies Peer-reviewed

    Yerem HWANG

    The bulletin of Institute For Christian studies Meiji Gakuin University　(55)　179-201　2023/02

    DOI： 10.24620/0002000009 　

  5. The Early Protestant Chinese Bible Translations and the Chinese Language Native Assistants Peer-reviewed

    HWANG Yerem

    The Bulletin of Institute for Christian Studies Meiji Gakuin University　(54)　135-156　2022/02

  6. Oriental Language Bible Translations and Claudius Buchanan Peer-reviewed

    HWANG Yerem

    KIRISUTOKYO GAKU　(62)　45-60　2020/12

    Publisher:

    ISSN： 0387-6810

  7. Construction of Chinese-related Knowledge by Protestant missionaries : Focusing on the pre-Opium War period

    HWANG Yerem

    Doctoral Dissertation　2020/03

  8. Protestant Missionary to India's Publication Project of the English Translation of the Confucian Canon Peer-reviewed

    HWANG Yerem

    The TOYO GAKUHO　98　(2)　185-213　2016/09

    Publisher: TOYO BUNKO

    ISSN： 0386-9067

  9. A Study on the Translation and Publication of the Chinese Bible in India Peer-reviewed

    Yerem HWANG

    Journal of Biblical Text Research　38　159-186　2016/04/30

    Publisher: The Institute for Biblical Text Research of the Korean Bible Society

    DOI： 10.28977/jbtr.2016.4.38.159 　

    ISSN： 1226-5926

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    The first translation of the Protestant Chinese Bible was completed in India in the early 19th century. It has been known as the Marshman-Lassar version. Despite this remarkable event in Chinese Bible translation history, this endeavor for the first Chinese Bible translation had been unknown until it was uncovered through the recent Chinese researches. However, their perspective was limited as their analysis depended mainly on Marshman’s materials. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct a broader understanding of Marshman’s version in consideration of the social-political context, and on the basis of 19th century materials by Buchanan, a priest of Church of England and by Baptist missionary. In detail, this paper covers Bible translation efforts of the College of Fort William; how Lassar and Marshman got involved in the translation; and Marshman’s approach to Chinese language study, translation process, and development in printing technology. This comprehensive approach attempts to give an outline of the first Chinese Bible translation in India. Chinese Bible translation in India was started by the College of Fort William which promoted Bible translations into eastern oriental languages. Lassar, who was hired for Chinese language teaching and Bible translation into Chinese, was introduced to Marshman under the prospect of a college downsize plan. Under Lassar’s instruction, Marshman learned Chinese language with Confucian canons. In the translation, Marhman’s main work was to revise and improve Lassar’s first translation draft from the Armenian Bible with Greek or Hebrew text. In the process of translation, the movable metal-type printing system was also developed. Finally, this comprehensive approach also examines the main contributors of the first Chinese Bible translation, and thus it is clarified that the Chinese Bible translation in India is a relic of Christian union.

  10. Study on the Translation of ‘神(かみ)’ in Early Japanese Protestantism in Relation to the ‘Term Question’ Debate in Early Chinese Protestantism International-journal Peer-reviewed

    Yerem Hwang

    Journal of Biblical Text Research　36　231-251　2015/04/30

    Publisher: Korean Bible Society

    DOI： 10.28977/jbtr.2015.4.36.231 　

    ISSN： 1226-5926

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    Strictly speaking, there exists in Japan no term for God as a monotheistic deity. The term for God in the Japanese Bible is ‘神’(かみ-Kami), a word that has been applied traditionally to the deities worshipped by the Shinto(神道). The Christian population in Japan is just around 1%, and it is not likely that a non-Christian would hear the word, ‘Kami’ and think of the Creator or the Absolute Being. This paper pursues the reasons why 19th Century’s Japanese Protestant adopted ‘Kami’ for God. The origin of Kami as a Japanese Christian term, is deeply related to 19th Century’s Chinese Bible translation, especially ‘term question’ for the Christian deity in Chinese language. British missionaries of London Missionary Society insisted on the use of ‘上帝’(ShangTi) for God, while American missionaries preferred to use ‘神’(Shen). As the result, two translations appeared: the Delegate version(上帝 version, 1854) and the Bridgman-Culbertson’s 神 version(1863). This paper clarifies how the British and American missionaries’ ‘Term Question’ controversy affected the translation of the word for ‘God’ in the early Japanese Protestant Bible. The following three circumstances are validated in detail. 1 Japan opened her door to America first when the ‘term controversy’ in China was at around its peak. 2 神-favoring American missionaries took hegemony in the Japanese Bible translation. 3 The Bridgman-Culbertson’s version (神 version) was the most important source for Japanese Bible translation. These three points demonstrate how the 19th Century’s term controversy between British and American protestant missionaries accounts for the use of the term ‘Kami’ in the early Japanese Protestant Bible.

  11. “Girardot’s Leggism-Myth in The Victorian Translation of China” Invited Peer-reviewed

    Yerem HWANG

    39-49　2015/03

    Publisher:

  12. 「上帝か神か」の英米人宣教師間の用語論争

    黄イェレム

    DEREK(立教大学キリスト教学研究科紀要)　(33)　43-63　2013/12

  13. ShangTi or Shen? : Historical Reflection on the Term Questions in the Translation Process of 19 Century’s Protestant Chinese Bible

    HWANG Yerem

    Master’s Thesis(Rikkyo University)　2013/12

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Misc. 3

  1. The Protestant Missionary Roles of Pre Opium War Period Invited

    Hwang Yerem

    Christian Thoughts　(762)　162-176　2022/06

  2. 2014年度 立教大学キリスト教学会大会 研究発表要旨「上帝」(シヤンデイ)か「神」(シエン)か : 19世紀プロテスタント聖書の漢訳過程にみる用語論争の歴史的考察 Invited

    黄 イェレム

    キリスト教学　(56)　147-153　2014

    Publisher: 立教大学キリスト教学会

    ISSN： 0387-6810

  3. 아편전쟁 이전 개신교선교사에 의한 중국 관련 ‘知’의 구축 Invited

    YEREM HWANG

    영성과 사회 성화 (석정김홍기 박사 고희기념논문집)　484-498　2022/07

Books and Other Publications 3

  1. Missionaries and Constructing Knowledge on China : Protestants before the Opium War

    HWANG Yerem

    2023/12

    ISBN: 9784130261777

  2. The Early Protestant Chinese Bible Translations and the Chinese Language Native Assistants

    2023/02

  3. 「아편 전쟁 이전 개신교 선교사에 의한 중국 관련 ‘知’의 구축」『영성과 사회 성화』(和訳『霊性と社会聖化』) 教会史博士石井金洪基古稀記念論文集

    主著者は金洪基, 論文寄稿者は황예렘(黄イェレム), 배태일, 서정민, 이후정, 박창훈, 성백걸, 이은재, 서종원, 심은록, 이선애, 한영은, 헬렌 진김

    天地出版社(ソウル)　2022/07

Presentations 14

  1. Arthur Lloyd’s Interpretation of Mahāyāna Buddhism: Buddha-Vācana or Non-Authentic Teaching? (Revised and Expanded from a Previous Presentation) Invited

    HWANG Yerem

    2026/01/29

  2. Arthur Lloyd’s View on Mahāyāna: Buddha-Taught or Non-Buddha-Taught?

    HWANG Yerem

    2025/09/12

  3. 宣教師E. J. アイテルの仏教知とその意義――近代仏教学史の観点から(*既発表内容の深化発表)

    黄イェレム

    第26回アジア交流史研究会　2025/05/26

  4. Missionary E. J. Eitel’s Buddhist Knowledge and Its Significance: From the Perspective of the History of Modern Buddhist Studies

    Yerem HWANG

    2025/02/15

  5. Orientalist and Missionary T. Richard’s View of Buddhism: A Form of Buddhist Understanding in the Modern Era Invited

    Yerem HWANG

    2024/11/26

  6. 景教全体像への一歩ｰｰ日本所蔵の景教文書入手過程と景教をめぐる諸説の紹介 Invited

    黄イェレム

    アジア交流史研究会(第5回)　2023/03/02

  7. History of the Bible Formation & the Chinese Bible Invited

    HWANG Yerem

    2022/12/22

  8. Early Chinese Bible Distribution observed from the 19th century materials Invited

    2022/07/16

  9. Anglo-Chinese College in Malacca: The Background and Reasons for Its Foundation Invited

    HWANG Yerem

    IASA / ASNET Seminar　2019/12/19

  10. English and Foreign Bible Society and Chinese Bible Translation under the Oriental Bible Translation Enterprise

    HWANG Yerem

    2019/09/13

  11. Why did Marshman carry out the Confucius Canon Translation Project? Invited

    HWANG Yerem

    2016/01/29

  12. Confucius Canon Translation into English by19 Century’s Protestant Missionary：Focusing on J. Marshman’s Work

    HWANG Yerem

    2015/11/15

  13. “Girardot’s Leggism-Myth in The Victorian Translation of China” International-presentation Invited

    Yerem HWANG

    James Legge Bicentennial Conference　2015/04/02

  14. ShangTi or Shen? : Historical Reflection on the Term Questions in the Translation Process of 19 Century’s Protestant Chinese Bible Invited

    HWANG Yerem

    Year 2014 Conference of The Association of Christian Studies, Rikkyo University, Year 2014　2014/05/31

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Research Projects 1

  1. 近代仏教学形成期におけるキリスト教との関係をめぐる議論: 「仏耶一元説」を中心に

    黄 イェレム

    Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

    System: 科学研究費助成事業

    Category: 特別研究員奨励費

    Institution: 大東文化大学

    2024/04 - 2027/03

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    本研究では、(1) 近代仏教学史、(2) 宣教師による仏教理解、(3) 景教研究を主たる考察対象とし、初年度は主に(1)と(2)に焦点を当てた。 近代仏教学史の分析にあたっては、欧米における仏教研究が、大学を中心とする学術的潮流と、宣教師による実地的研究という二系統に大別される点に着目し、A. アルモンド『イギリスによる仏教の発見』などを参照しつつ、その展開過程を学術史的観点から考察した。 宣教師による仏教理解に関しては、『チャイニーズ・レポジトリー』など19世紀の宣教雑誌や、J. エドキンズらによる仏教関連著作を分析対象とした。特に注目したのが、19世紀後半の中国で活動したE. J. アイテルである。彼は、仏教に対する体系的知識が未整備であった時期に、キリスト教の知識を援用して仏教の歴史的形成をキリスト教史になぞらえて解釈する、比喩的な説明手法を展開した。とりわけ、釈迦とイエスの伝記的共通性への言及や、北方仏教における阿弥陀信仰・観音信仰に対して一神教的構造や三位一体的要素を見出そうとするなど、仏教を西洋の読者にとって親しみやすく、神学的に理解可能な宗教として提示した。 さらに本研究では、アイテルの仏教理解がティモシー・リチャードによる「仏耶一元説」思想の成立における思想的起点の一つとして機能した可能性にも注目した。リチャードは、大乗仏教をアジア的キリスト教の一形態と見なし、三尊仏とキリスト教の三位一体とを対応づけるなどして、両宗教の本質的な一致を積極的に主張した。その構想の背景には、アイテルによる神学的かつ比喩的な解釈枠組みから得られた思想的・方法論的示唆があったと考えられる。 以上の成果に基づき、アイテルの仏教理解に関しては英文論文および口頭発表を行い、ティモシー・リチャードの仏教理解に関する考察についても、研究会にて口頭報告を行った。

Other 3

  1. 博士論文執筆からPD申請まで ―研究プロセスの全体像と実践的アドバイス

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    東北大学大学院文学研究科第217回中哲読書会 (2026年6月26日)

  2. 李恵源「教理書の翻訳・出版から見た19世紀東アジアのキリスト教⽤語の流通と形成」をめぐって—『眞理易知』研究を中心として—

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    2025年度キリスト教研究所3月研究会における李惠源氏の研究へのコメント(2026年3月7日、明治学院大学白金校舎本館9階 92会議室)

  3. Amitābha and Jesus: Christianity within Buddhism

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    “Amitābha and Jesus: Christianity within Buddhism”