Details of the Researcher

PHOTO

Shoichi Kizu
Section
Graduate School of Science
Job title
Associate Professor
Degree

  • 博士（理学）（東北大学）

  • 理学修士（東北大学）

Committee Memberships 2

  • 大学入試センター教科科目第一委員会　委員

    2013/04 - 2015/03

  • 大学入試センター教科科目第一委員会　委員

    2013/04 - 2015/03

Research Interests 2

  • 海洋物理学

  • 海洋のリモートセンシング

Research Areas 1

  • Natural sciences / Atmospheric and hydrospheric science / Physical Oceanography

Awards 1

  1. 海上保安庁長官表彰

    2016/02/09　海上保安庁

Papers 46

  1. DC_OCEAN: an open-source algorithm for identification of duplicates in ocean databases

    Xinyi Song, Zhetao Tan, Ricardo Locarnini, Simona Simoncelli, Rebecca Cowley, Shoichi Kizu, Tim Boyer, Franco Reseghetti, Guilherme Castelao, Viktor Gouretski, Lijing Cheng

    Frontiers in Marine Science　11　2024/10/02

    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

    DOI： 10.3389/fmars.2024.1403175 　

    eISSN： 2296-7745

    More details Close

    A high-quality hydrographic observational database is essential for ocean and climate studies and operational applications. Because there are numerous global and regional ocean databases, duplicate data continues to be an issue in data management, data processing and database merging, posing a challenge on effectively and accurately using oceanographic data to derive robust statistics and reliable data products. This study aims to provide algorithms to identify the duplicates and assign labels to them. We propose first a set of criteria to define the duplicate data; and second, an open-source and semi-automatic system to detect duplicate data and erroneous metadata. This system includes several algorithms for automatic checks using statistical methods (such as Principal Component Analysis and entropy weighting) and an additional expert (manual) check. The robustness of the system is then evaluated with a subset of the World Ocean Database (WOD18) with over 600,000 in-situ temperature and salinity profiles. This system is an open-source Python package (named DC_OCEAN) allowing users to effectively use the software. Users can customize their settings. The application result from the WOD18 subset also forms a benchmark dataset, which is available to support future studies on duplicate checks, metadata error identification, and machine learning applications. This duplicate checking system will be incorporated into the International Quality-controlled Ocean Database (IQuOD) data quality control system to guarantee the uniqueness of ocean observation data in this product.

  2. XBT operational best practices for quality assurance

    Parks, J, F. Bringas, R. Cowley, C. Hanstein, L. Krummel, J. Sprintall, L. Cheng, M. Cirano, S. Cruz, M. Goes, S. Kizu, F. Reseghetti

    Frontiers in Marine Science　2022/08

  3. International quality-controlled ocean database (IQuOD) v0.1: The temperature uncertainty specification

    Cowley, R, R. Killick, T. Boyer, V. Gouretski, F. Reseghetti, S. Kizu, M. Palmer, L. Cheng, A. Storto, M. Le Menn, S. Simoncelli, A. Macdonald, C. Domingues

    Frontiers in Marine Science　2021/06

  4. An algorithm for classifying unknown expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments based on existing metadata Peer-reviewed

    Matthew D. Palmer, Tim Boyer, Rebecca Cowley, Shoichi Kizu, Franco Reseghetti, Toru Suzuki, Ann Thresher

    Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology　35　(3)　429-440　2018/03/01

    Publisher: American Meteorological Society

    DOI： 10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0129.1 　

    ISSN： 1520-0426 0739-0572

  5. Heat transport variation due to change of North Pacific subtropical gyre interior flow during 1993-2012 Peer-reviewed

    Akira Nagano, Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa, Dean Roemmich

    OCEAN DYNAMICS　66　(12)　1637-1649　2016/12

    DOI： 10.1007/s10236-016-1007-2 　

    ISSN： 1616-7341

    eISSN： 1616-7228

  6. XBT Science: Assessment of Instrumental Biases and Errors Peer-reviewed

    Lijing Cheng, John Abraham, Gustavo Goni, Timothy Boyer, Susan Wijffels, Rebecca Cowley, Viktor Gouretski, Franco Reseghetti, Shoichi Kizu, Shenfu Dong, Francis Bringas, Marlos Goes, Loic Houpert, Janet Sprintall, Jiang Zhu

    BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY　97　(6)　923-934　2016/06

    DOI： 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00031.1 　

    ISSN： 0003-0007

    eISSN： 1520-0477

  7. A New Fall-Rate Equation for T-5 Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) by TSK Peer-reviewed

    S. Kizu, H. Yoritaka, K. Hanawa

    Journal of Oceanography　61　(1)　115-121　2015/02

    DOI： 10.1007/s10872-005-0024-4 　

  8. XBTの測定精度に関する最近の話題

    木津昭一

    第63回東北海区海洋調査技術連絡会報　36-42　2014/03

  9. World war II (1939-1945) oceanographic observations Peer-reviewed

    S. Levitus, G. Matishov, I. Smolyar, O. K. Baranova, M. M. Zweng, T. Tielking, N. Mikhailov, S. Kizu, F. Nast, G. Reed, R. Keeley, L. Rickards, A. Korablev

    Data Science Journal　12　102-157　2013/09/21

    Publisher: Ubiquity Press Ltd

    DOI： 10.2481/dsj.13-030 　

    ISSN： 1683-1470

  10. A REVIEW OF GLOBAL OCEAN TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR OCEAN HEAT CONTENT ESTIMATES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Peer-reviewed

    J. P. Abraham, M. Baringer, N. L. Bindoff, T. Boyer, L. J. Cheng, J. A. Church, J. L. Conroy, C. M. Domingues, J. T. Fasullo, J. Gilson, G. Goni, S. A. Good, J. M. Gorman, V. Gouretski, M. Ishii, G. C. Johnson, S. Kizu, J. M. Lyman, A. M. Macdonald, W. J. Minkowycz, S. E. Moffitt, M. D. Palmer, A. R. Piola, F. Reseghetti, K. Schuckmann, K. E. Trenberth, I. Velicogna, J. K. Willis

    REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS　51　(3)　450-483　2013/09

    DOI： 10.1002/rog.20022 　

    ISSN： 8755-1209

    eISSN： 1944-9208

  11. Biases in Expendable Bathythermograph Data: A New View Based on Historical Side-by-Side Comparisons Peer-reviewed

    Rebecca Cowley, Susan Wijffels, Lijing Cheng, Tim Boyer, Shoichi Kizu

    JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY　30　(6)　1195-1225　2013/06

    DOI： 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00127.1 　

    ISSN： 0739-0572

    eISSN： 1520-0426

  12. Variation of the southward interior flow of the North Pacific subtropical gyre, as revealed by a repeat hydrographic survey Peer-reviewed

    Akira Nagano, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Yasushi Yoshikawa, Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa

    JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY　68　(2)　361-368　2012/04

    DOI： 10.1007/s10872-012-0102-3 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

    eISSN： 1573-868X

  13. Comparison of the fall rate and structure of recent T-7 XBT manufactured by Sippican and TSK Peer-reviewed

    S. Kizu, C. Sukigara, K. Hanawa

    OCEAN SCIENCE　7　(2)　231-244　2011

    DOI： 10.5194/os-7-231-2011 　

    ISSN： 1812-0784

  14. Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on Indonesian rainfall variability in austral summer Peer-reviewed

    Rahmat Hidayat, Shoichi Kizu

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY　30　(12)　1816-1825　2010/10

    DOI： 10.1002/joc.2005 　

    ISSN： 0899-8418

  15. Evaluation of the fall rates of the present and developmental XCTDs Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu, Hiroji Onishi, Toshio Suga, Kimio Hanawa, Tomowo Watanabe, Hiroshi Iwamiya

    DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS　55　(4)　571-586　2008/04

    DOI： 10.1016/j.dsr.2007.12.011 　

    ISSN： 0967-0637

  16. Estimation of heat and freshwater transports in the North Pacific using high-resolution expendable bathythermograph data Peer-reviewed

    Hiroki Uehara, Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa, Yasushi Yoshikawa, Dean Roemmich

    JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS　113　(C2)　2008/02

    DOI： 10.1029/2007JC004165 　

    ISSN： 0148-0227

  17. Zonally asymmetric response of the Japan Sea to synoptic pressure forcing Peer-reviewed

    Daisuke Inazu, Naoki Hirose, Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa

    Journal of Oceanography　62　(6)　909-916　2006/12

    DOI： 10.1007/s10872-006-0108-9 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  18. Inter-manufacturer difference and temperature dependency of the fall-rate of T-5 expendable bathythermograph Peer-reviewed

    S Kizu, SI Ito, T Watanabe

    JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY　61　(5)　905-912　2005/10

    DOI： 10.1007/s10872-006-0008-z 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  19. A new fall-rate equation for T-5 expendable bathythermograph (XBT) by TSK Peer-reviewed

    S Kizu, H Yoritaka, K Hanawa

    JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY　61　(1)　115-121　2005/02

    DOI： 10.1007/s10872-005-0024-4 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  20. 気圧変動に対する日本沿岸水位の応答 Peer-reviewed

    稲津大祐, 木津昭一, 花輪公雄

    海の研究　14　(1)　57-69　2005/02

    Publisher: The Oceanographic Society of Japan

    DOI： 10.5928/kaiyou.14.57 　

    ISSN： 0916-8362

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    Sea level response to changes in atmospheric pressure and its regional characteristics were investigated using sea level records from 85 tidal stations along the coasts of Japan and from 3 Korean stations facing the Japan Sea. The traditional inverted barometer (-1 cm hPa-1) assumption is shown to be justified only near the coastal region facing the Pacific Ocean, except in the shallow bays. In the semi-enclosed Japan Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk, sea level lags behind synoptic atmospheric pressure variations by up to half a day. The lag along the coasts of the Japan Sea seems to be proportional to the distances from the Straits of Tsushima, Tsugaru, and Soya. We propose a new 'dynamic' barometric correction based on the response in different geographical locations. Using this correction, we have been successful in removing the barometric component from sea level records more accurately than the conventional inverted barometric correction, and in extracting a more realistic propagation of continental shelf waves along the San'in Coast.

  21. Probability distribution of surface wave slope derived using sun glitter images from Geostationary Meteorological Satellite and surface vector winds from scatterometers.

    Ebuchi, N, S. Kizu

    Proceedings of ISRS 2002　615-620　2002/10

  22. An estimation of degradation of VISSR visible sensors aboard GMS-3, GMS-4, and GMS-5 Peer-reviewed

    S Kizu

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING　23　(12)　2393-2404　2002/06

    DOI： 10.1080/01431160110104737 　

    ISSN： 0143-1161

  23. Introduction of Japanese Ocean Flux data sets with Use of Remote sensing Observations (J-OFURO) Peer-reviewed

    Masahisa Kubota, Kaoru Ichikawa, Naoto Iwasaka, Shoichi Kizu, Masanori Konda, Kunio Kutsuwada

    Journal of Oceanography　58　(1)　213-225　2002/03

    Publisher:

    DOI： 10.1023/A:1015845321836 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  24. Probability distribution of surface wave slope derived using sun glitter images from geostationary meteorological satellite and surface vector winds from scatterometers Peer-reviewed

    N Ebuchi, S Kizu

    IGARSS 2002: IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM AND 24TH CANADIAN SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING, VOLS I-VI, PROCEEDINGS　1813-1815　2002

  25. Probability distribution of surface wave slop derived using sun glitter images from geostationary meteorological satellite and surface vector winds from scatterometers Peer-reviewed

    Naoto Ebuchi, Shoichi Kizu

    Journal of Oceanography　58　(3)　477-486　2002

    DOI： 10.1023/A:1021213331788 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  26. Recorder-dependent temperature error of expendable bathythermograph Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa

    Journal of Oceanography　58　(3)　469-476　2002

    DOI： 10.1023/A:1021261214950 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  27. Start-up transient of XBT measurement Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu, Kimio Hanawa

    Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers　49　(5)　935-940　2002

    DOI： 10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00003-1 　

    ISSN： 0967-0637

  28. Intercomparison of 14 year incoming solar radiation flux field by satellites with empirical and model-originated estimates in the west Pacific

    Shoichi Kizu

    WCRP/SCOR Working Group on AirSea Fluxes, 2nd meeting　2001/12

  29. Estimation of tidal current in Tokyo-Ogasawara area using TOLEX-ADCP data Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu, Takeshi Taneda, Kimio Hanawa

    Tohoku Geophysical Journal　36　1-23　2001/04

  30. GPS キネマティック測量に基づく海水位の計測

    木津昭一, 花輪公雄

    新時代の衛星アルティメトリーおよび衛星重力ミッションについての研究集会 プロシーディングス　10　(2)　103-121　2000/12

    Publisher: The Oceanographic Society of Japan

    DOI： 10.5928/kaiyou.10.103 　

    ISSN： 0916-8362

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    A series of experiments was performed on three ships of opportunity on two routes to measure temporal and spatial variations of sea surface height by GPS kinematic survey technique. On the Tokyo-Ogasawara line, the GPS-measured ellipsoidal height agreed very well with nearby tidal observations when the ships were at port and the baseline was short (within several kilometers). When the ships were cruising, the measured sea surface height generally followed the spatial variation of geoid (order of decameters) throughout the route and qualitatively the oceanic tide variation (order of meters) in Tokyo Bay. On the Sendai-Tomakomai line, the oceanic tide was detected with better reliability under good receiving conditions. The estimated tidal variation agreed quantitatively well with an available global tidal model and nearby coastal tidal observations for most part of the route. Possible errors of available geoid models are suggested for parts of both the routes.

  31. 実用衛星計測に基づく海面日射量の推定 Invited Peer-reviewed

    木津昭一

    測候時報　67　117-123　2000/03

    Publisher:

    ISSN： 1342-5692

  32. Boundary current monitoring using VOS ­Tokyo­Ogasawara Line Experiment­.

    Hanawa, K, N. Ebuchi, S. Kizu, Y. Yoshikawa

    Proceedings of OCEANOBS'99　2　1999/10

  33. Estimation of sea surface insolation based on visible radiometric measurements by operational satellites Peer-reviewed

    KIZU Shoichi

    Umi no Kenkyu　8　(1)　1-24　1999

    DOI： 10.5928/kaiyou.8.1 　

  34. Systematic errors in estimation of insolation by empirical formulas Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu

    Journal of Oceanography　54　(2)　165-177　1998

    Publisher: Terra Scientific Publishing Company

    DOI： 10.1007/BF02751692 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  35. A new set of MCSST equations for NOAA-9/AVHRR Peer-reviewed

    Shoichi Kizu, Futoki Sakaida

    Journal of Oceanography　52　(2)　235-249　1996

    Publisher: Terra Scientific Publishing Company

    DOI： 10.1007/BF02235672 　

    ISSN： 0916-8370

  36. Physical processes of microwave backscattering from laboratory wind-wave surfaces

    川村宏, 松澤茂, 小畑征二郎, 枝松芳枝, 工藤純一, 木津昭一, 根元義章

    IGARSS'93, Spons. by IEEE, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Aug.18-21,1993　37-40　1995/01

  37. Differential GPS by carrier phase measurements and its application to ocean research. Peer-reviewed

    KIZU Shoichi

    NAVIGATION　(126)　21-28　1995

  38. Study on air-sea interactions in the OMLET (Ocean Mixed Layer ExperimenT) area using satellite remote sensing. Peer-reviewed

    Kawamura, H, S. Kizu, F. Sakaida, N. Ebuchi, Y. Toba

    Remote Sensing of the Oceans　263-270　1994

  39. The AVHRR data processing system in the Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies in the Tohoku University

    Kawamura,H, F.Sakaida, S.Kizu

    Tohoku Geophysical Journal　36　103-114　1993/12

  40. The NOAA-HRPT data receiving system in the Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies in the Tohoku University Peer-reviewed

    Kawamura,H, S.Kizu, F.Sakaida, Y.Toba

    Tohoku Geophysical Journal (The Science Reports of the Tohoku University, Series 5)　36　89-102　1993/12

  41. Distribution of the solar radiation in Japan estimated from VISSR/GMS3 in 1987-1988

    Kawamura,H, S.Kizu

    IGARSS'93, Spons. by IEEE, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Aug.18-21, 1993　4　2147-2149　1993/08

  42. DEGRADATION OF THE VISSR VISIBLE SENSOR ON GMS-3 DURING JUNE 1987 DECEMBER 1988 Peer-reviewed

    S KIZU, H KAWAMURA

    JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY　10　(4)　509-517　1993/08

    DOI： 10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0509:DOTVVS>2.0.CO;2 　

    ISSN： 0739-0572

  43. The HIRS/2 data processing system in the Earth Observing Satellite Center of the Tohoku university

    Kawamura,H, S.Kizu

    Tohoku Geophysical Journal(The Science Reports of the Tohoku University, Series 5)　Vol.4　2147-2149　1993/01

  44. Validation results of the satellite-derived parameters for the oceanography in the north Western Pacific Ocean.

    Kawamura, H, S. Kizu, F. Sakaida, N. Ebuchi

    Environment '93, Symposium on Remote Sensing in Environmental Research and Global Change　232-244　1993

  45. GMS-VISSR可視データを用いた日射量の推定 Peer-reviewed

    KIZU Shoichi

    航水研ノート空と海　13　(13)　29-37　1991

  46. INSITU MEASUREMENT OF SOLAR-RADIATION OVER THE SEA SOUTH OF JAPAN Peer-reviewed

    K HANAWA, S KIZU

    JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN　68　(5)　607-611　1990/10

    DOI： 10.2151/jmsj1965.68.5_607 　

    ISSN： 0026-1165

    eISSN： 2186-9057

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Misc. 13

  1. 海洋分野における国際的な歴史的データ発掘・救済プロジェクトの動向

    鈴木亨, 石井正好, 木津昭一, 佐藤佳奈子, 中野俊也, 福田和義, 寄高博行, 勢田明大, 清水勇吾, 雨池健一, 須賀利雄, 道田豊

    日本気象学会大会講演予稿集　(107)　168　2015/04/30

  2. International Quality‐Controlled Ocean Database(I)Auto QCの結果

    鈴木亨, 石井正好, 木津昭一, 佐藤佳奈子, 中野俊也, 福田義和, 寄高博行, 勢田明大, 清水勇吾, 雨池健一, 須賀利雄, 道田豊

    日本海洋学会大会講演要旨集　2014　143　2014/09/01

  3. 生態系遷移を引き起こす海洋物理環境変動とその要因の解明 第4章 海洋表層-亜表層の相互作用とその変動が低次生産へ与える影響

    須賀利雄, 石津美穂, 遠山勝也, 鋤柄千穂, 花輪公雄, 木津昭一, 杉本周作, 境田太樹

    農林水産省農林水産技術会議事務局研究成果　(508)　2014

  4. C405 海面水温の長期トレンドに伴うマッデン・ジュリアン振動の強度変動(熱帯大気)

    木津 昭一, 三保 恵里, 花輪 公雄

    大会講演予講集　93　237-237　2008

    Publisher: 日本気象学会

  5. P357 Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on Indonesian Rainfall Variability :

    Hidayat Rahmat, Kizu Shoichi, Hanawa Kimio

    90　405-405　2006

    Publisher: 日本気象学会

  6. P161 日本の冬季・夏季気温場の卓越モードと大気大循環場および海面水温場との関係

    八木 晃司, 安中 さやか, 木津 昭一, 花輪 公雄

    大会講演予講集　87　315-315　2005

    Publisher: 日本気象学会

  7. 人工衛星による縁辺海と黒潮変動のモニタリング

    花輪公雄, 川村宏, 江淵直人, 須賀利雄, 木津昭一, 岩坂直人, 境田太樹

    月刊 海洋　34　70-77　2002

  8. 実用衛星計測に基づく海面日射量の推定

    木津昭一

    海の研究　8　(1)　1-24　1999/02

    Publisher: 日本海洋学会

    DOI： 10.5928/kaiyou.8.1 　

    ISSN： 2186-3105

  9. N-LANDデータベース・システムと日本画像データベース(JAIDAS)－－衛星画像データベースを中核とした自然の総合解析システム

    川村宏, 松澤茂, 小畑征二郎, 枝松芳枝, 工藤純一, 木津昭一, 根元義章

    画像ラボ　1995.1　37-40　1995/01

  10. 日本画像データベース(Japan Image Database)

    川村宏, 工藤純一, 木津昭一, 根元義章

    SENSC　27　(3)　7-13　1994/04

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    発行月不明

  11. 宇宙からみた東北の自然シリーズ（XIII）雲の影法師

    木津昭一, 川村宏

    SENAC　24　(2)　18-20　1991/04

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    発行月不明

  12. GMS-VISSR可視画像データを用いた広域の短波放射量の推定

    木津昭一, 川村宏, 鳥羽良明

    号外海洋　3　17-21　1990/04

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    発行月不明

  13. 宇宙からみた東北の自然シリーズ（番外編II）オホーツク海の流氷

    木津昭一, 川村宏

    SENAC　23　(3)　19-23　1990/04

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    発行月不明

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Books and Other Publications 1

  1. 海洋観測ガイドライン

    木津昭一

    日本海洋学会　2015/10/20

Presentations 32

  1. 旧海軍水路部による第二次大戦期の水温一斉観測について

    木津 昭一

    日本海洋学会2017年度秋季大会　2017/10

  2. XCTDの塩分バイアスについて

    木津 昭一

    日本海洋学会2017年度秋季大会　2017/10

  3. Sea tests of XCTDs: how are they different from XBTs? International-presentation

    Shoichi Kizu

    The 5th XBT Science Workshop　2016/10/05

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    本人

  4. A review of Japanese PX-40: 16 years with T/V Miyagi Maru International-presentation

    Shoichi Kizu

    The 5th XBT Science Workshop　2016/10/05

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    本人

  5. Update on assessing the Japanese wartime hydrographic survey International-presentation

    Shoichi Kizu

    The 4th Annual IQuOD Workshop　2016/10/03

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    本人

  6. Progress with intelligent meta data International-presentation

    Matt Palmer, Rebecca Cowley, Tim Boyer, Shoichi Kizu, Toru Suzuki

    The 4th Annual IQuOD Workshop　2016/10/03

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    その他

  7. Progress on assessing Japanese wartime hydrographic surveys International-presentation

    3RD CLIVAR GSOP: the 3rd IQuOD annual workshop　2015/12/03

  8. XBT timing tests International-presentation

    Ann G. Thresher, Shoichi Kizu

    Eighth Session of the JCOMM Ship Observations Team (SOT)　2015/04/20

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    その他

  9. A review on systematic differences between Sippican's XBT and TSK's XBT. International-presentation

    Shoichi Kizu

    The 4th XBT Workshop: XBT Science and the Way Forward　2014/11/11

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    本人

  10. The expendable bathythermograph (XBT) - the biases, and their possible causes International-presentation

    many XBT colleagues

    CLIVAR-GSOP Coordinated Quality-Control of Global Subsurface Ocean Climate Observations　2013/06/12

  11. Japanese hydrographic survey during the WW2 - a very unsatisfactory archeology - International-presentation

    CLIVAR-GSOP Coordinated Quality-Control of Global Subsurface Ocean Climate Observations,　2013/06/12

  12. Impact of difference in probe weight on the fall-rate of XBT. International-presentation

    花輪公雄

    The Seventh Session of the JCOMM Ship Observations Team (SOT)　2013/04/22

  13. Biases in historical Expendable BathyThermograph (XBT) data - correcting the data and planning for the future International-presentation

    Cowley, R, S. Wijffels, T. Boyer, L. Cheng

    The Seventh Session of the JCOMM Ship Observations Team (SOT)　2013/04/22

  14. Biannual Report on PX-40 (2010-2011). International-presentation

    2012 Meeting of the Joint IODE-JCOMM Steering Group for the Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Programme,　2012/04/16

  15. XBTの降下速度の水温依存性と製造年代による違い

    花輪公雄

    日本海洋学会2012年度春季大会　2012/03

  16. An assessment of the effect of variance in probe weight on the fall-rate of expendable bathythermograph and pure temperature bias International-presentation

    Hanawa, K

    First XBT Science Workshop　2011/07/07

  17. Trial to check XBT fall rate and to develop simple numerical model International-presentation

    Hanawa, K

    First XBT Science Workshop　2011/07/07

  18. Occurrence of heavy rainfall event over Indonesia and relationship with the Madden-Julian Oscillation

    Rahmat Hidayat, S. Kizu

    日本気象学会2008年秋季大会　2008/11

  19. 日本－ハワイ間篤志船データに見る北太平洋亜熱帯循環の表層構造

    永野憲, 市川洋, 吉川泰司, 木津昭一, 花輪公雄

    日本海洋学会2008年秋季大会　2008/09

  20. T-7型XBTの降下速度の再検証

    木津昭一, 鋤柄千穂, 花輪公雄

    日本海洋学会2008年秋季大会　2008/09

  21. 海面水温の長期トレンドに伴うマッデン・ジュリアン振動の強度変動

    三保恵里, 花輪公雄

    日本気象学会2008年春季大会　2008/05

  22. Modulation of seasonal precipitation over Indonesia by the Madden-Julian Oscillation

    Rahmat Hidayat

    日本気象学会2008年春季大会　2008/05

  23. MJO-induced rainfall variability over the Maritime Continent observed by TRMM International-presentation

    Rahmat Hidayat

    Ocean Sciences Meeting 2008　2008/03/02

  24. Estimation of heat and freshwater transports in the North Pacific using high resolution XBT data International-presentation

    Hiroki Uehara, Kimio Hanawa, Yasushi Yoshikawa, Dean Roemmich

    Ocean Sciences Meeting 2008　2008/03/02

  25. TSK社製XCTDの水温・塩分精度の検証

    日本海洋学会2008年度春季大会　2008/03

  26. SSTの長期上昇トレンドに伴うマッデン・ジュリアン振動の強度変動

    三保恵里, 花輪公雄

    日本海洋学会2008年度春季大会　2008/03

  27. Seasonal variation of the Impact of MJO on Indonesian Rainfall Variability

    日本海洋学会2008年度春季大会　2008/03

  28. MJO-induced rainfall variability over Indonesian Maritime Continent observed by TRMM

    Rahmat Hidayat

    日本海洋学会2007年度秋季大会　2007/09

  29. 北太平洋西部における熱輸送量の経年変動

    上原裕樹, 花輪公雄, 吉川泰司, Dean Roemmich

    日本海洋学会2007年度秋季大会　2007/09

  30. 陸棚波によって強化される対馬海峡流量変動

    稲津大祐, 広瀬直毅

    日本海洋学会2007年度春季大会　2007/03

  31. Continental shelves enhance the transport variability induced by wind component crossing the Tsushima Strait International-presentation

    稲津大祐, 広瀬直毅

    Korea-Japan Physical Oceanography Workshop　2007/03

  32. Identifying, retaining and sharing of uncertainties in historic oceanographic records. Ocean Science Meeting

    Cowley, R, R. Killick, T. Boyer, V. Gouretski, F. Reseghetti, S. Kizu, M. Palmer, L. Cheng, A. Storto, M. Le Menn, S. Simoncelli, A. Macdonald, C. Domingues

    Ocean Science Meeting

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Research Projects 14

  1. 歴史的水温観測資料の品質管理向上 Competitive

    2013/06 - Present

  2. 超音波リモートセンシングによる西部北太平洋の流速場観測 Competitive

    2002/07 - Present

  3. 投下式海洋観測機器の水中降下特性 Competitive

    2000/04 - Present

  4. 日本－ハワイ間における表層水温モニタリング Competitive

    1998/04 - 2014/06

  5. 酸素センサー付フロートによる表層溶存酸素の短期変動とその季節変動への寄与の解明

    須賀 利雄, 木津 昭一, 花輪 公雄, 小林 大洋

    Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

    System: 科学研究費助成事業

    Category: 特定領域研究

    Institution: 東北大学

    2007 - 2008

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    東北大学と海洋研究開発機構が、2005年以降、北太平洋中緯度域に展開してきた酸素センサー付プロファイリングフロートによる水温・塩分・密度および溶存酸素の鉛直プロファイル時系列データを解析し、亜表層酸素極大層の消長と密度成層の季節変化の関係を調べた。その結果、夏季の季節密度躍層の発達に伴い、一次生産によって生成された酸素が躍層内およびその直下に捕捉され、酸素極大層が形成されることを確認した。さらに、秋季の混合層の発達に伴い、夏季の一次生産によって蓄積された酸素が、比較的短期間のうちに大気に放出されることを見出した。この過程に伴う、秋季(8〜11月)の北太平洋中緯度帯(35°N〜45°N)における海洋から大気への酸素フラックスは10mmolm^<-2>day^<-1>と見積もられ、これは、従来の大気化学的手法による秋季の酸素フラックスにおける生物過程の寄与を説明するのに十分なフラックスといえる。 また、溶存酸素の海洋内の再配置を担うサブダクション過程について、海洋研究開発機構学術研究船白鳳丸KH-08-3次航海による観測データおよびプロファイリングフロートのデータを用いて調査した。その結果、冬季に40°N以北の混合層で形成された水が、水温・塩分・密度の鉛直一様性と高い濃度の溶存酸素を保持したまま、レンズ状の亜表層中規模渦によって、西向きおよび東向きの平均流を横切るように、約半年で1000km以上南まで運ばれていたことを見出した。これは、亜表層海洋の酸素等の物質収支を考える上で、従来全く考慮されていなかった現象であり、海洋の3次元物質分布の維持・変動メカニズムの理解に貢献する発見といえる。

  6. Estimation of heat flux at the sea surface using satellite data Competitive

    1988/04 - 2005/03

  7. SUBDUCTION PROCESSES IN THE NORTH PACIFIC BASED ON NALYSES OF HIGH-QUALITY DATA

    SUGA Toshio, HANAWA Kimio, KIZU Shoichi

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    Institution: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY

    2001 - 2003

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    Origins of waters observed along 137°E were estimated based on the available climatological data, the World Ocean Atlas, to outline waters composing the subtropical permanent pycnocline. The original high-resolution hydrographic climatology was then constructed and analyzed to identify the source regions of Subtropical Mode Water(STMW), Central Mode Water(CMW) and Eastern Subtropical Mode Water and to reveal their formation mechanism. One of noticeable findings is that the low potential vorticity of CMW is caused by small "cross-isopycnal flow" rather than large "lateral induction." It was also revealed that southwestward advection of STMW and CMW contribute to the formation of the subtropical fronts. The similar original climatology also revealed the source region and the advection path way of the dichothermal water in the subarctic pycnocline. Quasi-Lagrangian observations of CMW for the periods over one and half years were successfully done using the profiling floats parking at isopycnal surfaces corresponding to the CMW cores. A one-dimensional mixed layer model of the Lagrangian-type was developed to simulate the subduction processes to be compared with the quasi-Lagrangian data. The effectiveness of the model was confirmed by simulating the formation of the dichothermal water successfully. The intense hydrographic survey in the central North Pacific including the source region of CMW was conducted by R/V Hakuho-Maru to collect multi-variable synoptic data just after the late winter period during which the subduction of the mixed layer water to the permanent pycnocline occurs. All the available Argo float data were analyzed to reveal that the thick mode waters are formed associated with the deep permanent pycnocline associated with anticyclonic eddies and that the barrier layers are formed associated with the subduction of high-salinity water in the southern subtropical gyre.

  8. 西太平洋域における日射による海洋上層の加熱過程の研究

    木津 昭一

    Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

    System: 科学研究費助成事業

    Category: 若手研究(B)

    Institution: 東北大学

    2001 - 2002

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    平成14年度は,前年度の研究成果を踏まえ,以下の2つの点に力点をおいて研究を進めた. 1.中緯度の表層水温の加熱に及ぼす日射以外の海面フラックス成分の寄与について 日射以外の海面熱フラックス成分を評価し考察に加えることにより,正味の海面フラックスと海洋表層水温変動の関係をより詳細に調べた.その結果,いずれの海域でも,日射と水温変化率の間に存在した位相差が縮小する傾向が見られた.このことは,水温の加熱期においては日射が支配的な役割を果たすとは言え,日射の極大期には既に海面からの熱放出が増大しつつあり,その結果,表層水温の上昇が抑制される,負のフィードバックが機能していることを示唆する. 2.赤道太平洋の季節内スケール変動において日射が果たす役割について 熱帯域では,中緯度と較べて表層水温の季節変化は顕著でなく,むしろ季節内変動や経年変動が卓越する.このうち季節内時間スケールでは日射と相関の高い表層水温変動とそうでないものがあることが既に見出されていたので,本年度は,性質の異なるこれら2つのタイプの水温変動現象について,各々事例解析を行った.その結果,日射と相関のあるこの時間スケールの表層水温変動は赤道太平洋のなかでも西側領域で比較的多く,逆に中央部赤道太平洋では日射と無関係な水温の季節内変動が多いことが示された.これは,双方の経度帯における大気海洋間の結合の強度の違いを反映していると解釈される. 以上のように,時間・水平空間的に緻密な衛星観測資料の利用により,従来は十分に分解されていなかった,海洋表層水温の上昇過程における日射やその他の因子の働きを,より定量的に明らかにすることができた.

  9. Studies on monitoring of marginal sea using satellite and monitoring of the Kuroshio variation

    KAWAMURA Hiroshi, KIZU Shoichi, SUGA Toshio, HANAWA Kimio, IWASAKA Naoto, EBUCHI Naoto

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

    Institution: Tohoku University

    1999 - 2002

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    Studies made in 2002 are as follows. (1)We investigated the spatio-temporal correlation analyses for the sea surface temperature (SST) data free from clouds, and we also developed the advanced method generating new generation SST (2)We prepared the daily and cloud-free SST dataset for September and October 2000, which was used in the numerical model for prediction. This dataset was archived in the CD-ROM recording the present study results. (3)Under the cooperative study with Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, we made ADCP monitoring through a year by a ferry regularly shuttling between Tokyo and Ogasawara Islands. (4)Using the training vessel, "Miyagi-Maru" belonging to Miyagi Prefectural Education Committee, we made high density XBT monitoring three times a year between Hawaii and Japan. Using these data together with the PX-37 data, we estimated heat and freshwater transports crossing these lines. (5)We investigated an interaction between mesoscale eddies and the Kuroshio path variation using TOPEX POSEIDEON altimeter data. It was found that the collision of eddy to the Kuroshio caused the small meander of the Kuroshio. (6)Detailed analyses of the XBT data showed that several Japanese XBT converters were suffered from so-called "Bowing phenomenon". It was also found that the XBT data from the sea surface to 4m were suffered from the transient response of the XBT measurement system.

  10. Probability distribution of surface wave slope derived from spaceborne remote sensing data

    EBUCHI Naoto, KIZU Shoichi

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Institution: Tohoku University

    1999 - 2001

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    The probability distribution of the sea surface slope has been estimated using sun glitter images derived from the visible wavelength radiometer on the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) and surface vector winds observed by spaceborne scatterometers. The brightness of the visible images is converted to the probability of wave surfaces which reflect the sunlight toward GMS in grids of 0.25° x 0.25° (latitude x longitude). The slope and azimuth angle required for the reflection of the sun's rays toward GMS are calculated for each grid from the geometry of GMS observation and location of the sun. The GMS images are then collocated with surface wind data observed by three scatterometers. Using the collocated data set of about 30 million points obtained in a period of 4 years from 1995 to 1999, the probability distribution function of the surface slope is estimated as a function of wind speed and azimuth angle relative to the wind direction. The results are compared with those of Cox and Munk (1954). The surface slope estimated by the present method shows a narrower distribution and much less directivity relative to the wind direction than that reported by Cox and Munk. It is expected that their data were obtained under conditions of growing wind waves. In general, wind waves are not always developing, and the slope distribution might differ from the results of Cox and Munk. Most of our data are obtained in the subtropical seas under clear-sky conditions. This difference in the conditions may be the reason for the difference of slope distribution.

  11. GPSによる海上での３次元測位 Competitive

    1994/07 - 2000/03

  12. Precise measurement of sea surface dynamic height by GPS kinematic survey and its application to Kuroshio studies

    HANAWA Kimio, KIZU Shoichi, SUGA Toshio, EBUCHI Naoto

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    Institution: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY

    1997 - 1999

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    In the present study, the following three items were carried out : (1) Precise measurement of sea surface height by GPS kinematic survey installed on a ferry boat, (2) clarification of mesoscale eddies in the studied area using ADCP data and TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data and (3) water mass structure and its variation in the studied area using the archived temperature data. Main results can be summarized as follows. (1) Using the ferry Ogasawara Maru which shuttles between Tokyo and Ogasawara Islands, we carried out the GPS kinematic survey in September 1999. We could obtain the data suitable for analysis when the distance of two GPS stations (the reference station and the ferry) is short (shorter than hundreds km). However, it was found that the distance is relatively longer, the data are not suitable for analysis. From the data obtained when the ferry was anchored at Hutami Port, we could detect the tidal signal with enough accuracy. (2) Using the ADCP data and TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data, we analyzed the mesoscale eddies in the Kuroshio recirculation area. We found a plenty of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies whose diameter is approximately 500km. The temporal scale is estimated to be approximately 80 days. It was suggested these eddies are formed on the Kuroshio Extension area. (3) Using the archived temperature data, we made the gridded temperature data and analyzed interannual variation of subtropical mode water with respect to the strength of wintertime East Asia monsoon. It was found that when the wintertime East Asian monsoon is strong (weak), thick (thin) and cold (warm) subtropical mode water is formed.

  13. Heat, water and momentum budgets over the ocean

    KUBOTA Masahisa, AWAJI Toshiyuki, IMAWAKI Shiro, KUTSUWADA Kunio, KIZU Shouichi, IWASAKA Naoto

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

    Institution: Tokai University

    1996 - 1998

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    Accurate ocean surface fluxes with high resolution are critical for understanding a mechanism of global climate. However, it is difficult to derive those fluxes by using ocean observation data because the number of ocean observation data is extremely small and the distribution is inhomogeneous. On the other hand, satellite data are characterized by the high density, the high resolution and the homogeneity. Therefore, it can be considered that we obtain accurate ocean surface fluxes by using satellite data. Recently we constructed ocean surface data sets mainly using satellite data. The data set is named by Japanese Ocean Flux data sets with Use of Remote sensing Observations (J-OFURO). The data set includes shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and momentum flux etc. Moreover, sea surface dynamic topography data are included in the data set. Radiation data sets covers western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean because we use a Japanese geostationally satellite (GMS) to estimate radiation fluxes. On the other hand, turbulent heat fluxes are globally estimated. The constructed data sets are used and shows the effectiveness for many scientific studies.

  14. 毎時高分解能のGMS可視画像を用いた高精度な実用日射量推定手法の研究

    木津 昭一

    Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会

    System: 科学研究費助成事業

    Category: 奨励研究(A)

    Institution: 東北大学

    1993 - 1993

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    GMSの可視画像データを用いて地表における日射量を推定することは、 (1)GMSが特定の時期に限定されずに継続的に運用されている実用衛星である、 (2)日本を中心とする中部〜西太平洋域の広大な範囲についてほぼ均質なモニタリングができる、 (3)静止衛生であるため、極軌道衛星に比べて観測頻度が高い、 (4)同じく静止衛星の利点として、放射の非等方性に因る推定誤差を比較的とり扱いやすい、 等の理由により、地上観測や航空機・極軌道衛星を用いたリモートセンシングに比べ、現実的な日射量モニタリングの手法として優れていることが、大気放射学に基づく簡単なモデルによって証明された。しかしながら、現状では、経済的理由あるいは計算機資源面で立ち後れにより、一般(特に在野)の研究者が衛星データを合理的に支障なく入手し、アルゴリズムの改良等の研究開発に利用することが難ししいことが明らかになった。これを解決するためには、GMSや関連衛星のデータを受信・保管するデータセンターを中心とする、情報頒布のための基盤整備を行うことが急務である。また、物理学的な問題点として、現在、ほとんどの衛星搭載可視放射計の絶対較正が行われておらず、現実にその感度が経年的に劣化していることが明らかになった。このセンサの劣化は放射計によって異なるものであり、気候変動のように長期間にわたるデータや異なる衛星のデータを合わせ用いるような研究用途にとっては深刻な誤差要因となり得る。これを解決するためには、前述のデータセンターのような何らかの責任分担機関によって、衛星打ち上げ時から後まで含めて、放射計の出力についての継続的な監視が行われることが必要であると考えられる。

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Other 1

  1. XBT（投下型水温水深計）の降下速度の変動による表層海洋貯熱量への影響の評価

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    XBT（投下型水温水深計）は、航走中の船舶等から簡易に海水温の鉛直分布を計ることを目的として1960 年代に開発された海洋観測機器である。とりわけ1970 年代から1990 年代にかけて世界中で爆発的に用いられ、現在でも上層海洋の水温モニタリングにおいて大きな役割を果たしている。小型・廉価性の故に圧力計を持たない構造のため、水温計測の深度を測器投入後の経過時間をもとに経験的に求める仕組みとなっているが、この際に用いる時間深度変換式にバイアスがあることと、市販されているプローブの重さにバラツキがあることが原因で、海洋の数十年規模変動や過去数十年の海洋温暖化の見積が大きな不確定性を持つことが、現在、大きな問題となっている。 本研究では、申請者らがこれまで様々なタイプのプローブ式投下型海洋計測器についてその降下速度や計測精度を検証してきた（Kizu and Hanawa, 2002a,b; Kizu et al., 2005a,b; Kizu et al., 2008）実績を踏まえ、これまで国内外で最も多く使われてきたT-7 型XBT について、現在の標準的水温測定機器である水温電気伝導度水深計（CTD）との同時観測を実施して、海水中のその降下速度を再評価し、降下速度のバラツキがもたらす海洋表層貯熱量およびその変動の評価への影響を定量化することを目的とした。年度内に行ったJAMSTEC白鳳丸の航海において，重さを調整した特注品のT7と日米の2社による市販品とをCTD観測中に投下する実験を行って、降下率に対するプローブ重量の影響を定量的に評価し、近年のXBTバイアス問題を解釈する上で大変有益な実証データを得た。