Details of the Researcher

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Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David
Section
Graduate School of Law
Job title
Assistant Professor
e-Rad No.
60982478

Education 5

  • Tohoku University　Graduate School of Law　Doctor of Law

    2020/04 - 2023/03

  • Tohoku University　Graduate School of Law　Research student

    2019/04 - 2020/03

  • Universidad Militar Bolivariana de Venezuela　Instituto de Altos Estudios de Seguridad de la Nacion　Master of International Relations

    2016/10 - 2018/11

  • Universidad Central de Venezuela　Comision de Estudios de Postgrado　Master of Business Management

    2015/09 - 2018/06

  • Universidad Central de Venezuela　Escuela de Estudios Internacionales　Bachelor of International Studies

    2009/09 - 2014/03

Professional Memberships 5

  • International Studies Association

    2024/01 - Present

  • Japan Association for Latin American Studies

    2023/04 - Present

  • The Japan Society for International Development

    2023/04 - Present

  • Tohoku Law Society

    2023/03 - Present

  • International Political Science Association

    2025/01 - 2027/01

Research Interests 1

  • Sustainable Development

Research Areas 3

  • Humanities & social sciences / Politics / Venezuela's Foreign Policy

  • Humanities & social sciences / International relations / South-South Cooperation

  • Humanities & social sciences / International relations / International Cooperation

Awards 4

  1. Law Society Award

    2023/03　Tohoku University

  2. Honorific Mention

    2018/06　Universidad Central de Venezuela

  3. Best Attendance

    2015/04　EF Education First - New York

  4. EF Spirit

    2015/04　EF Education First

Papers 16

  1. Understanding political polarization in the Global South: a comparative case study of Venezuela and Thailand Peer-reviewed

    Carlos David Zavarce Velasquez

    Frontiers in Political Science　8　2026/08/05

    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

    DOI： 10.3389/fpos.2026.1899953 　

    eISSN： 2673-3145

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    Introduction Polarization has increased in recent decades, and Global South countries are no exception. Venezuela and Thailand represent two prominent cases of severe and sustained polarization in the 21st century. In Venezuela, polarization advanced after the election of Hugo Chávez in 1998, evolving into a broader societal divide between Chavismo (civil-military coalition) and opposition partisans. Following Chávez’s death in 2013, polarization reached unprecedented levels, marked by escalating conflict between political blocs, increasing authoritarian practices by Nicolás Maduro’s government, and a profound economic crisis influencing the largest migration outflows in a country not engaged in armed conflict. In Thailand, polarization can be traced back as early as 2001, when Thaksin Shinawatra assumed office, causing tensions between the Red Shirts (Thaksin’s supporters, including peasants and workers in rural regions) and the Yellow Shirts (royalists, urban middle and upper classes). While Venezuela experienced democratic backsliding, Thailand faced recurring military coups and instability, leading to a military-led government in 2014 and subsequent military intervention in national politics. Methods This paper employs a qualitative comparative case study approach based on primary and secondary sources to examine how polarization at the elite and mass levels has shaped the political systems of Venezuela and Thailand in the 21st century. Results The findings show that although both countries have experienced severe and sustained polarization, their political dynamics followed different paths, influenced by divergent domestic and international factors. Discussion At the domestic level, these factors include differences in civil–military relations, business-sector positioning, and institutional design. At the international level, they include bilateral relations with the United States and regional governance.

  2. Emerging Technologies, Education, and Governance in Latin American Dentistry: Perspectives from Venezuela and Nicaragua Peer-reviewed

    Carlos David Zavarce Velasquez, Juan Ramón Vanegas Sáenz, José Victorio Salazar Luces, Carlos Eduardo Zavarce Castillo, Guang Hong

    International Dental Journal　76　(3)　109542-109542　2026/06

    Publisher: Elsevier BV

    DOI： 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109542 　

    ISSN： 0020-6539

  3. Venezuela's South-South Cooperation Project in the Framework of the Bolivarian Diplomacy Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Journal of Latino/Latin American Studies　2025/06/16

    Publisher: Journal of Latino/Latin American Studies

    DOI： 10.18085/1549-9502.2024.11.or.007 　

    ISSN： 1549-9502

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    Abstract Venezuela has historically played a significant role in South-South Cooperation (SSC). However, starting in 1999, the Chávez administration adopted a more assertive foreign policy, diverging from the approaches of previous governments, particularly in its reduced engagement with North-South Cooperation. This paper empirically examines Venezuela's SSC during Hugo Chávez's presidency (1999–2013), employing the analytical frameworks of Lancaster (2007) and Kragelund (2019) alongside Grounded Theory methodology. The study draws on data from in-depth interviews with key informants in government, academia, and the media. The findings offer a nuanced understanding of Venezuela's SSC strategies and their implications within the broader context of international cooperation.

  4. Passé, présent et futur du conflit territorial sur la Guayana Esequiba Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Annuaire français de relations internationales　343-360　2025/06

  5. East Asian cooperation approaches towards Latin America and the Caribbean: The cases of Japan, China, and South Korea Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations　14　(28)　131-165　2025/02

    DOI： 10.22456/2238-6912.138410 　

  6. Une vision prospective du différend territorial sur le Guayana Esequiba Invited Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Les Etudes du CERI　(275-276)　10-13　2025/01

  7. Las Naciones Unidas y la Cooperación Internacional sobre Inteligencia Artificial Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David and Zavarce Castillo Carlos Eduardo

    Cuadernos del Cendes　41　(116)　61-80　2024/09

  8. Explorando el Impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial en la Seguridad de la Nación Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Castillo Carlos Eduardo, Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Xcolosenses　1　(1)　74-90　2024/08

  9. Understanding South-South Cooperation: A Comparative Analysis with North-South Cooperation Approaches Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Global South Review　6　(1)　62-83　2024/07

  10. Venezuela's South-South Cooperation at the regional level during Hugo Chavez's Government Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Asian Journal of Latin American Studies　36　(2)　1-41　2023/09

  11. Politics of South-South Cooperation: The Venezuelan Project in the Framework of the Bolivarian Diplomacy

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    2023/03

  12. The strategic direction of Venezuelan foreign policy during Hugo Chavez's presidency Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Arkia　(2)　172-202　2022/10

  13. Japan's international cooperation to Latin America and the Caribbean in the changing development landscape Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Estudios Internacionales　54　(201)　89-123　2022/04

    DOI： 10.5354/0719-3769.2022.64744 　

  14. The Role of Economic Cooperation in Achieving Sustainability Peer-reviewed

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Observador del Conocimiento　6　(3)　90-107　2021/07

  15. Arquitectura Estratégica para el Abordaje de la Controversia Territorial por la Guayana Esequiba

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    2018/11

  16. Dirección Estratégica para el Abordaje del Proceso de Negociación entre la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela y la Republica Cooperativa de Guyana

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    2018/06

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Misc. 1

  1. Japan, Latin America and the Caribbean: Working Together in a New Indo‐Pacific By KanakoYamaoka and GabrielGarcia, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2026. 194 pp. £95.00 (hardcover). <scp>ISBN</scp> : 978‐1‐03‐538825‐7 Invited

    Carlos David Zavarce Velasquez

    The Developing Economies　2026/09/06

    Publisher: Wiley

    DOI： 10.1111/deve.70051 　

    ISSN： 0012-1533

    eISSN： 1746-1049

Presentations 6

  1. Dynamics of Political Polarization: A Comparative Case Study of Venezuela and Thailand

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    International Studies Association Annual Convention　2026/03/24

  2. Artificial Intelligence Governance Architectures for Sustainable Development: The Cases of Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    The 36th Japan Society for International Development Annual Conference　2025/11/29

  3. The effects of Political Polarization on Venezuela's Foreign Policy during the 21st century

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    International Political Science Association　2025/07/16

  4. The Role of Artificial Intelligence within the United Nations: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific Conference　2024/11/30

  5. East Asian cooperation approaches towards Latin America and the Caribbean: The cases of Japan, China, and South Korea

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific Conference　2023/12/03

  6. Venezuela's South-South Cooperation Project in the Framework of the Bolivarian Diplomacy

    Zavarce Velasquez Carlos David

    The 34th Japan Society for International Development Annual Conference　2023/11/12

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Research Projects 1

  1. The "Third Wave" of Democratization Revisited: New Perspectives on Regime Transition

    Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    System: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    Institution: Tohoku University

    2024/04 - 2028/03

Teaching Experience 6

  1. International Colloquium　Tohoku University

  2. Global South Politics　Tohoku University

  3. International Conference　Tohoku University

  4. Introduction to Latin American Politics　Tohoku University

  5. Disaster and Recovery　Tohoku University

  6. Spanish as a Foreign Language　Tohoku University

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