顔写真

コシムラ シユンイチ
越村 俊一
Shunichi Koshimura
所属
災害科学国際研究所 災害評価・低減研究部門 災害ジオインフォマティクス研究分野
職名
教授
学位
  • 博士(工学)(東北大学)

  • 修士(工学)(東北大学)

e-Rad 研究者番号
50360847
Researcher ID
プロフィール

1995年に東北大学工学部土木工学科卒業,2000年に同大学院工学研究科博士後期課程を修了し,博士(工)を取得.同年4月,日本学術振興会特別研究員として東京大学地震研究所およびアメリカ海洋大気庁に勤務.その後,財団法人阪神淡路大震災記念協会「人と防災未来センター」専任研究員を経て,2005年5月に東北大学大学院工学研究科助教授,2007年に同准教授に配置換え,2012年4月に東北大学災害科学国際研究所教授(現職)に就任.2018年3月に,リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測サービスを展開する東北大発スタートアップRTi-castを設立,Co-founder・CTOとして,研究と社会実装の両輪を進めている.

主な研究テーマは,次世代津波数値シミュレーションの開発,高度津波情報システムに関する研究,センシングデータの融合による災害の被害把握手法や減災政策,災害デジタルツインなど.センシングとシミュレーションを融合し,災害直後のリアルタイム被害予測とレジリエンス向上に資するための防災システムに関する研究に産学連携で取り組んでいる.ベクトル型スーパーコンピュータを利用したリアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システムが内閣府の総合防災情報システムに採用され,現在運用中.

ORCID Profile | ResearchGate | Web of Science | Google Scholar

経歴 17

  • 2024年1月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学グリーン未来創造機構 宇宙ビジネスフロンティアセンター 教授

  • 2023年10月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学 言語AI研究センター 教授

  • 2023年4月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学 災害科学国際研究所 副研究所長

  • 2022年4月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学災害レジリエンス共創センター 副センター長(兼務)

  • 2019年4月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学 タフ・サイバーフィジカルAI研究センター 教授(兼務)

  • 2018年8月 ~ 継続中
    特定国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 革新知能統合研究センター 客員研究員

  • 2018年7月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学総長特別補佐(大学改革担当)

  • 2018年3月 ~ 継続中
    株式会社RTi-cast 代表発起人, 最高技術責任者

  • 2012年4月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学 大学院工学研究科 教授(兼務)

  • 2012年4月 ~ 継続中
    東北大学災害科学国際研究所 教授

  • 2009年4月 ~ 継続中
    神戸大学 大学院海事科学研究科 客員教授

  • 2016年9月 ~ 2017年3月
    United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response (UN-SPIDER) Visiting Researcher

  • 2005年5月 ~ 2012年3月
    東北大学工学部災害制御研究センター 准教授

  • 2002年4月 ~ 2005年4月
    (財)阪神淡路大震災記念協会 人と防災未来センター 専任研究員

  • 2000年4月 ~ 2002年3月
    東京大学地震研究所 日本学術振興会特別研究員(PD)

  • 2000年6月 ~ 2002年1月
    米国・海洋大気局 日本学術振興会特別研究員(PD)

  • 1998年4月 ~ 2000年3月
    東北大学 大学院工学研究科 日本学術振興会特別研究員(DC2)

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

学歴 3

  • 東北大学 大学院工学研究科 土木工学専攻

    1997年4月 ~ 2000年3月

  • 東北大学 大学院工学研究科 土木工学専攻

    1995年4月 ~ 1997年3月

  • 東北大学 工学部

    1990年4月 ~ 1995年3月

委員歴 11

  • 文部科学省 政策評価に関する有識者会議委員

    2023年4月 ~ 継続中

  • 日本自然災害学会 理事

    2023年4月 ~ 継続中

  • International Association for Earthquake Engineering (IAEE) Member of National Delegates, on behalf of Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering

    2022年8月 ~ 継続中

  • 土木学会海岸工学委員会・沿岸災害デジタルツイン研究小委員会 小委員長

    2022年6月 ~ 継続中

  • Journal of Disaster Research Editor-in-Chief

    2022年6月 ~ 継続中

  • Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Working Group, Group on Earth Observations (GEO) 委員

    2021年8月 ~ 継続中

  • Sentinel Asia Co-chair of Tsunami WG

    2015年 ~ 継続中

  • Tsunami Commission, The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 委員

    2011年7月 ~ 継続中

  • 地域安全学会 理事

    2011年4月 ~ 継続中

  • 土木学会東北支部 幹事長

    2023年5月 ~ 2024年5月

  • Organizing Committee, 17th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Chair of Venue and On-site Management Subcommittee

    2018年 ~ 2021年12月

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

所属学協会 7

  • 日本自然災害学会

  • European Geoscience Union

  • 日本計算工学会

  • 日本地震工学会

  • American Geophysical Union

  • 地域安全学会

  • 土木学会

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

研究キーワード 5

  • 地球科学

  • 津波工学

  • リモートセンシング

  • 空間情報科学

  • 数値シミュレーション

研究分野 6

  • 社会基盤(土木・建築・防災) / 水工学 /

  • 自然科学一般 / 固体地球科学 /

  • 情報通信 / 高性能計算 /

  • 社会基盤(土木・建築・防災) / 防災工学 / 津波

  • 社会基盤(土木・建築・防災) / 安全工学 /

  • 社会基盤(土木・建築・防災) / 社会システム工学 /

受賞 23

  1. 2021年度日本地震工学会功労賞

    2022年12月 日本地震工学会

  2. 第71回河北文化賞

    2022年1月 公益財団法人 河北文化事業団 リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システムの開発と運用による災害レジリエンス向上への貢献

  3. 第20回ドコモ・モバイル・サイエンス賞 先端技術部門優秀賞

    2021年10月 モバイル・コミュニケーション・ファンド リアルタイムシミュレーションとセンシングの融合によるリアルタイム災害科学の創成

  4. Cracking the Walls Award(審査委員長特別賞)

    2021年9月 Tohoku Univ. with EARTH on EDGE consortium BREAKING THE WALL OF “Tsunami Forecast“

  5. 大学発ベンチャー表彰特別賞

    2021年8月 科学技術振興機構(JST) リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システム

  6. 日本オープンイノベーション大賞 総務大臣賞

    2019年2月 内閣府 リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システムの開発と運用

  7. 日本シミュレーション学会賞 Best Paper Award

    2018年10月 日本シミュレーション学会 Salinization by a tsunami in a semi-enclosed bay: tsunami-ocean three-dimensional simulation based on a great earthquake scenario along the Nankai Trough

  8. 科学技術分野の文部科学大臣表彰 科学技術賞(開発部門)

    2018年4月 文部科学省 リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システムの開発

  9. The Third JDR (Journal of Disaster Research) Award

    2017年11月

  10. Coastal Engineering Journal Citation Award,

    2017年6月 土木学会

  11. Coastal Engineering Journal Award

    2016年11月 日本土木学会 Damage Characteristic and Field Survey of the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami in Miyagi Prefecture

  12. 日本シミュレーション学会賞 研究賞

    2016年10月 日本シミュレーション学会 Salinization by a tsunami in a semi-enclosed bay: tsunami-ocean three-dimensional simulation based on a great earthquake scenario along the Nankai Trough

  13. 総務省東北総合通信局長表彰

    2016年6月 総務省東北総合通信局

  14. ジャパン・レジリエンス・アワード(強靱化大賞)優秀賞

    2016年3月 レジリエンスジャパン推進協議会

  15. Hazard2000国際賞

    2013年9月 日本自然災害学会 Damage and reconstruction after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami

  16. 日本水大賞国際貢献賞

    2012年6月 日本河川協会 津波減災のための数値解析技術の世界展開

  17. Coastal Engineering Journal Award of 2010

    2010年11月 日本土木学会 Effects of the Rupture Velocity of Fault Motion, Ocean Current and Initial Sea Level on the Transoceanic Propagation of Tsunami

  18. 土木学会論文賞

    2010年5月 日本土木学会 Developing fragility functions for tsunami damage estimation using numerical model and post-tsunami data from Banda Aceh, Indonesia

  19. 海岸工学論文賞

    2006年11月 社団法人土木学会

  20. 日本産業技術大賞審査委員会特別賞

    2005年4月 日刊工業新聞社 GPS津波計測システム

  21. 国土技術開発賞最優秀賞

    2004年10月 国土技術研究センター,国土交通省 GPS津波計の開発

  22. Mohammed El–Sabh Award of 2002

    2002年10月 Natural Hazards Society A Method for Estimating Casualties due to the Tsunami Inundation Flow

  23. Coastal Engineering Journal Award of 1999

    2000年11月 Japan Society of Civil Engineers Propagation of obliquely incident tsunamis on a slope Part II, Characteristics of on–ridge tsunamis

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

論文 420

  1. Estimation of the Seismic Source of the 1974 Lima Peru Earthquake and Tsunami (Mw 8.1) 査読有り

    Cesar Jimenez, Jorge Morales, Miguel Estrada, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Journal of Disaster Research 18 (8) 825-834 2023年12月1日

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2023.p0825  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  2. A filtering approach for the conservative Allen–Cahn equation solved by the lattice Boltzmann method and a numerical study of the interface thickness 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Shunichi Koshimura

    International Journal of Multiphase Flow 167 104554-104554 2023年10月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104554  

    ISSN:0301-9322

  3. キュムラントモデルに基づく格子ボルツマン法による構造物に作用する津波波圧に関する研究 招待有り 査読有り

    佐藤 兼太, 川崎 浩司, 越村 俊一

    混相流 37 (3) 316-323 2023年9月15日

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.3811/jjmf.2023.t011  

    ISSN:0914-2843

    eISSN:1881-5790

  4. Development of a single-phase free-surface flow model with the improved lattice kinetic scheme 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Shunichi Koshimura

    Computers & Mathematics with Applications 145 275-288 2023年9月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2023.06.022  

    ISSN:0898-1221

  5. Beyond tsunami fragility functions: experimental assessment for building damage estimation 査読有り

    Ruben Vescovo, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Scientific Reports 13 (1) 2023年8月31日

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41047-y  

    eISSN:2045-2322

  6. Decision-making support utilizing real-time tsunami inundation and damage forecast 査読有り

    Naoko Kosaka, Shunichi Koshimura, Kenjiro Terada, Yoichi Murashima, Tsuneko Kura, Akira Koyama, Hiroshi Matsubara

    International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 94 103807-103807 2023年8月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103807  

    ISSN:2212-4209

  7. Methodology for determining optimal countermeasure for bridges under seismic and tsunami hazards 査読有り

    H Ishibashi, M Akiyama, S Koshimura

    Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems, Biondini & Frangopol (Eds) 899-905 2023年6月

  8. Framework for life-cycle tsunami risk assessment considering sea-level rise effects due to climate change 査読有り

    AK Alhamid, M Akiyama, K Aoki, S Koshimura, DM Frangopol

    Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems, Biondini & Frangopol (Eds) 1601-1608 2023年6月

  9. A numerical study of the MRT-LBM for the shallow water equation in high Reynolds number flows: An application to real-world tsunami simulation 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Koji Kawasaki, Shunichi Koshimura

    Nuclear Engineering and Design 404 112159-112159 2023年4月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2023.112159  

    ISSN:0029-5493

  10. Life‐cycle risk assessment of building portfolios subjected to tsunamis under non‐stationary sea‐level rise based on a compound renewal process 査読有り

    Abdul Kadir Alhamid, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Koki Aoki, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan M. Frangopol

    Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 2023年2月26日

    出版者・発行元:Wiley

    DOI: 10.1002/eqe.3857  

    ISSN:0098-8847

    eISSN:1096-9845

  11. Detecting Urban Floods with Small and Large Scale Analysis of ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 Data 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Fuyuki Endo, Shunichi Koshimura

    Remote Sensing 15 (2) 532-532 2023年1月16日

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.3390/rs15020532  

    eISSN:2072-4292

  12. Tsunami insurance portfolio optimization for coastal residential buildings under non-stationary sea level rise effects based on sample average approximation

    Abdul Kadir Alhamid, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan M. Frangopol, Higuma So

    Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 2023年

    DOI: 10.1007/s00477-023-02602-1  

    ISSN:1436-3240

    eISSN:1436-3259

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    The devastating consequences of tsunamis on coastal infrastructure have highlighted the urgent need for effective disaster risk reduction strategies. To mitigate tsunami disasters, the insurance industry plays a vital role in implementing risk transfer measures by providing financial protection against asset damage. However, the current research on catastrophe insurance policies for coastal infrastructure lacks consideration of climate change effects. It is essential to take into account the non-stationary effects of sea-level rise to develop long-term tsunami disaster mitigation measures and promote socioeconomic resilience in coastal communities. This paper aims to provide an insurance portfolio optimization framework for coastal residential buildings subjected to tsunamis considering non-stationary sea-level rise effects based on a stochastic simulation approach. A spatiotemporal probabilistic sea-level rise hazard assessment is carried out by utilizing available climate models and considering several emission scenarios. Tsunami propagation analyses under various sea-level rise cases are performed to evaluate the time-variant tsunami hazard curves based on Monte Carlo simulation. A life cycle-based stochastic insurance claim model associated with the cumulative loss of building assets is developed based on a non-stationary compound renewal process. Finally, a sample average approximation method is leveraged to estimate the optimum basic insurance premium rate by maximizing the insurer’s profit under a cost-constrained insurance purchase decision of homeowners. As a case study, the proposed framework is applied to multiple municipalities situated in the tsunami-prone region of Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Sea-level rise substantially decreases the maximum profits of tsunami insurers and increases the premium rate and ruin probability.

  13. Sparse Representation-Based Inundation Depth Estimation Using SAR Data and Digital Elevation Model 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 15 9062-9072 2022年10月19日

    出版者・発行元:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

    DOI: 10.1109/jstars.2022.3215719  

    ISSN:1939-1404

    eISSN:2151-1535

  14. A Reinforcement Learning Model of Multiple UAVs for Transporting Emergency Relief Supplies 査読有り

    Daiki Hachiya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Applied Sciences 12 (20) 10427-10427 2022年10月16日

    出版者・発行元:MDPI AG

    DOI: 10.3390/app122010427  

    eISSN:2076-3417

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    In large-scale disasters, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, quick and sufficient transportation of emergency relief supplies is required. Logistics activities conducted to quickly provide appropriate aid supplies (relief goods) to people affected by disasters are known as humanitarian logistics (HL), and play an important role in terms of saving the lives of those affected. In the previous last-mile distribution of HL, supplies are transported by trucks and helicopters, but these transport methods are sometimes not feasible. Therefore, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to transport supplies is attracting attention due to their convenience regardless of the disaster conditions. However, existing transportation planning that utilizes UAVs may not meet some of the requirements for post-disaster transport of supplies. Equitable distribution of supplies among affected shelters is particularly important in a crisis situation, but it has not been a major consideration in the logistics of UAVs in the existing study. Therefore, this study proposes transportation planning by introducing three crucial performance metrics: (1) the rapidity of supplies, (2) the urgency of supplies, and (3) the equity of supply amounts. We formulated the routing problem of UAVs as the multi-objective, multi-trip, multi-item, and multi-UAV problem, and optimize the problem with Q-learning (QL), one of the reinforcement learning methods. We performed reinforcement learning for multiple cases with different rewards and quantitatively evaluated the transportation of each countermeasure by comparing them. The results suggest that the model improved the stability of the supply of emergency relief supplies to all evacuation centers when compared to other models.

  15. Sequential Bayesian Update to Detect the Most Likely Tsunami Scenario Using Observational Wave Sequences 査読有り

    Reika Nomura, Saneiki Fujita, Joseph M. Galbreath, Yu Otake, Shuji Moriguchi, Shunichi Koshimura, Randall J. LeVeque, Kenjiro Terada

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 127 (10) 2022年10月5日

    出版者・発行元:American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    DOI: 10.1029/2021jc018324  

    ISSN:2169-9275

    eISSN:2169-9291

  16. RBFネットワークと準モンテカルロ法を用いた確率論的津波ハザード解析および南海トラフ地震による災害廃棄物量のリスク評価への適用 査読有り

    青木 康貴, 秋山 充良, 石橋 寛樹, 小島 貴之, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集A1(構造・地震工学) 78 (1) 1-16 2022年9月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejseee.78.1_1  

    eISSN:2185-4653

  17. Stochastic renewal process model of time-variant tsunami hazard assessment under nonstationary effects of sea-level rise due to climate change 査読有り

    Abdul Kadir Alhamid, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Koki Aoki, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan M. Frangopol

    Structural Safety 99 2022年8月

    DOI: 10.1016/j.strusafe.2022.102263  

    ISSN:0167-4730

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    Tsunami-induced disasters present a significant threat to coastal communities. Under the effects of sea-level rise due to climate change, tsunami occurrence frequency and intensities would increase in a nonstationary manner due to the long-term progressive trend in the variability in sea level. Therefore, the reliability of coastal infrastructure systems affected by tsunami hazard will diminish over time. A procedure for hazard assessment that integrates tsunamis occurring at random times with evolving sea-level rise should be established. This paper presents a novel framework for the time-variant assessment of tsunami hazard considering the effects of nonstationary sea-level rise due to climate change based on a non-Poisson stochastic renewal process. A time-variant probabilistic sea-level rise is modeled by utilizing various climate models and existing data reported in several studies. The conditional tsunami hazard curves considering sea-level rise are estimated by performing tsunami propagation analyses under different sea-level rise cases and by Monte Carlo simulation, considering the uncertainties associated with earthquake fault movements. Finally, the new concept of time-variant tsunami hazard assessment considering the nonstationary effects of sea-level rise is developed according to a non-Poisson stochastic renewal process. An illustrative example is provided by applying the proposed framework to several municipalities in the Kochi Prefecture of Japan that are subjected to the anticipated Nankai-Tonankai earthquake. The effects of sea-level rise on time-variant tsunami hazard under Poisson and non-Poisson processes of earthquake occurrence are discussed.

  18. Probabilistic connectivity assessment of bridge networks under seismic hazard considering the spatial correlation of ground motion-induced damage 査読有り

    Koki Aoki, Yuzuki Fuse, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Hiroki Ishibashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan.M. Frangopol

    Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle, Resilience and Sustainability 137-142 2022年6月27日

    出版者・発行元:CRC Press

    DOI: 10.1201/9781003322641-12  

  19. 模擬津波動態とベイズ更新によるリアルタイム津波リスク評価手法

    野村 怜佳, 藤田 真粹, 大竹 雄, 森口 周二, 越村 俊一, 寺田 賢二郎, 橋詰 正広

    日本計算工学会論文集 2022 20220003-20220003 2022年5月19日

    出版者・発行元:一般社団法人 日本計算工学会

    DOI: 10.11421/jsces.2022.20220003  

    eISSN:1347-8826

  20. Preliminary Observations and Impact in Japan of the Tsunami Caused by the Tonga Volcanic Eruption on January 15, 2022 査読有り

    Fumihiko Imamura, Anawat Suppasri, Taro Arikawa, Shunichi Koshimura, Kenji Satake, Yuichiro Tanioka

    Pure and Applied Geophysics 179 (5) 1549-1560 2022年5月

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-022-03058-0  

    ISSN:0033-4553

    eISSN:1420-9136

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    The tsunami caused by the Tonga submarine volcanic eruption that occurred at 13:15 Japan Time (JST) on January 15, 2022, exposed a blind spot in Japan’s tsunami monitoring and warning system, which was established in 1952 for local tsunamis and expanded to distant tsunamis after the 1960 Chile tsunami. This paper summarizes how the warning system responded to the unprecedented tsunami, the actual evacuation process, and the damage it caused in Japan. Initially, the tsunami from the volcanic eruption was expected to arrive at approximately midnight with amplitudes of less than 20 cm. However, a series of short waves arrived at approximately 21:00, a few hours earlier than expected. The early arrival of these sea waves coincided with a rapid increase in atmospheric pressure; then, the short-period component was predominant, and the wave height was amplified while forming wave groups. After a 1.2 m tsunami was observed in Amami City in southern Japan at 23:55 JST, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a tsunami warning/advisory. The tsunami continued, and all advisories were cleared at 14:00 JST on January 16. Information about this tsunami and the response to it are summarized here, including the characteristics and issues of the actual tsunami evacuation situation in each region. There were no casualties, but the issues that emerged included difficulty evacuating on a winter night and traffic congestion due to evacuation by car and under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the coastal area, damage to fishing boats and aquaculture facilities was reported due to the flow of the tsunami. In addition, damage to aquaculture facilities, including those producing oysters, scallops, seaweed and other marine products, decreased the supply of marine products, and the economic impact is likely to increase in the future.

  21. A comparative study of the cumulant lattice Boltzmann method in a single-phase free-surface model of violent flows 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Koji Kawasaki, Shunichi Koshimura

    Computers and Fluids 236 2022年3月30日

    DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2021.105303  

    ISSN:0045-7930

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    Many coastal and ocean engineering flows, such as tsunamis inundating urban areas, tend to be violent. The characteristics of these damaging flow fields are three-dimensional, highly non-linear and non-hydrostatic. A fully three-dimensional free-surface fluid model is required to simulate such a flow field. Fluid simulations in the field of coastal engineering are often large-scale since large areas are the subject of the simulations. The numerical model must be not only accurate but also efficient. In recent years, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has attracted much attention as a novel simulation method and has been successfully applied to various engineering fields. The LBM calculates complex phenomena in a simple framework. The density field determines the pressure field with the equation of state. This means that the LBM does not have to solve the pressure Poisson equation. However, the existing gas–liquid multi-phase flow models that employ the LBM have a critical problem. Pressure calculations with large density ratios easily become unstable, and the application of these models to violent flow fields is limited. The single-phase free-surface fluid model provides good approximations for flow problems in which the gas dynamics can be neglected. Moreover, the cumulant LBM has attracted attention because it has excellent numerical stability even for high Reynolds number flows. The single-phase free-surface flow model using the cumulant LBM is a suitable approach for simulating violent flow fields in coastal engineering. In this study, we propose a single-phase free-surface flow model based on the cumulant LBM using the volume-of-fluid (VOF) model to capture the interface. We demonstrate that the cumulant LBM is stable under violent flows and reproduces the density field well compared with the traditional single relaxation time model. We find that a larger bulk viscosity can reduce the numerical oscillation of the impact pressure acting on a structure, although a bulk viscosity that is too large reduces the accuracy and stability. The results of the proposed model are in good agreement with previous experimental results.

  22. Rapid and quantitative uncertainty estimation of coseismic slip distribution for large interplate earthquakes using real-time GNSS data and its application to tsunami inundation prediction 査読有り

    Keitaro Ohno, Yusaku Ohta, Ryota Hino, Shunichi Koshimura, Akihiro Musa, Takashi Abe, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    Earth, Planets and Space 74 (1) 2022年2月

    DOI: 10.1186/s40623-022-01586-6  

    ISSN:1343-8832

    eISSN:1880-5981

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    This study proposes a new method for the uncertainty estimation of coseismic slip distribution on the plate interface deduced from real-time global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data and explores its application for tsunami inundation prediction. Jointly developed by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan and Tohoku University, REGARD (REal-time GEONET Analysis system for Rapid Deformation monitoring) estimates coseismic fault models (a single rectangular fault model and slip distribution model) in real time to support tsunami prediction. The estimated results are adopted as part of the Disaster Information System, which is used by the Cabinet Office of the Government of Japan to assess tsunami inundation and damage. However, the REGARD system currently struggles to estimate the quantitative uncertainty of the estimated result, although the obtained result should contain both observation and modeling errors caused by the model settings. Understanding such quantitative uncertainties based on the input data is essential for utilizing this resource for disaster response. We developed an algorithm that estimates the coseismic slip distribution and its uncertainties using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We focused on the Nankai Trough of southwest Japan, where megathrust earthquakes have repeatedly occurred, and used simulation data to assume a Hoei-type earthquake. We divided the 2951 rectangular subfaults on the plate interface and designed a multistage sampling flow with stepwise perturbation groups. As a result, we successfully estimated the slip distribution and its uncertainty at the 95% confidence interval of the posterior probability density function. Furthermore, we developed a new visualization procedure that shows the risk of tsunami inundation and the probability on a map. Under the algorithm, we regarded the Markov chain Monte Carlo samples as individual fault models and clustered them using the k-means approach to obtain different tsunami source scenarios. We then calculated the parallel tsunami inundations and integrated the results on the map. This map, which expresses the uncertainties of tsunami inundation caused by uncertainties in the coseismic fault estimation, offers quantitative and real time insights into possible worst-case scenarios. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

  23. Brief communication: Radar images for monitoring informal urban settlements in vulnerable zones in Lima, Peru 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Fernando Garcia, Carlos Gonzales, Miguel Diaz, Carlos Zavala, Miguel Estrada, Fumio Yamazaki, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano

    Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22 (1) 65-70 2022年1月12日

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-22-65-2022  

    ISSN:1561-8633

    eISSN:1684-9981

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    Lima, Peru's capital, has about 9.6 million inhabitants and keeps attracting more residents searching for a better life. Many citizens, without access to housing subsidies, live in informal housing and shack settlements. A typical social phenomenon in Lima is the sudden illegal occupation of areas for urban settlements. When such areas are unsafe against natural hazards, it is important to relocate such a population to avoid significant future losses. In this communication, we present an application of Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to map the extension of a recent occupation of an area with unfavorable soil conditions against earthquakes.

  24. EFFECT OF DAMAGE TO BRIDGES UNDER SEISMIC AND TSUNAMI HAZARDS ON PROBABILISTIC CONNECTIVITY OF ROAD NETWORK

    Koki AOKI, Yuzuki FUSE, Hiroki ISHIBASHI, Mitsuyoshi AKIYAMA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. A1 (Structural Engineering & Earthquake Engineering (SE/EE)) 78 (4) I_127-I_137 2022年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejseee.78.4_i_127  

    eISSN:2185-4653

  25. Modeling search and rescue, medical disaster team response and transportation of patients in Ishinomaki city after tsunami disaster 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Shinichi Egawa M.D., Hiroyuki Sasaki M.D., Shunichi Koshimura

    E3S Web of Conferences 340 05001-05001 2022年1月

    出版者・発行元:EDP Sciences

    DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202234005001  

    eISSN:2267-1242

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    The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake caused massive devastation and numerous affected people. In particular, the Ishinomaki area of the Miyagi Prefecture was one of the hardest hit areas during the event. In addition, due to tsunami inundation, several medical facilities were destroyed or inactive at the time. The Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital served as the last bastion to respond and attend injuries and illnesses in the disaster. We aim to build an agent-based model of triage and transportation of patients to the hospital. The individual and joint activities of response teams were considered to build the agent architecture and they were incorporated into the model. We model the first three days of response activities within the central Ishinomaki area and evaluated the number of patients transported to the hospital including their evaluated health status. We discuss here the case closest to the 2011 event and evaluate the strategies for search and rescue and patient transportation to speed up medical response in the aftermath of a disaster.

  26. Framework for probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment considering the effects of sea-level rise due to climate change 査読有り

    Abdul Kadir Alhamid, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Hiroki Ishibashi, Koki Aoki, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan M. Frangopol

    Structural Safety 94 2022年1月

    DOI: 10.1016/j.strusafe.2021.102152  

    ISSN:0167-4730

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    Sea-level rise due to climate change could significantly exacerbate tsunami disasters since the sea level is a critical parameter affecting the intensity of tsunamis. Considering the impacts of future climate change on the ocean, a method to consider the effects of sea-level rise on the tsunami hazard intensity is needed to precisely predict future tsunami disasters. This paper presents a novel framework for probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment, considering the sea-level rise and associated uncertainties. A probabilistic assessment of the sea-level rise hazard is performed using the available data and climate models considering several climate change emission scenarios. Conditional tsunami hazard curves are estimated by conducting tsunami propagation simulations given a sea-level rise while considering the uncertainties associated with fault movement (i.e., rake angles and average stress drops). Radial-basis-function-based surrogate models and quasi-Monte-Carlo simulations are employed to obtain tsunami hazard curves. Finally, the tsunami hazard curves considering the effects of sea-level rise are estimated by convolving the corresponding regional sea-level rise hazard with the conditional tsunami hazard curves based on the total probability theorem. An illustrative example is provided, in which the proposed framework is applied to several municipalities in the Mie Prefecture of Japan that would be affected by tsunamis during the anticipated Nankai-Tonankai earthquake. The effects of sea-level rise on the tsunami hazard intensities associated with the municipalities are discussed.

  27. Real-time automatic uncertainty estimation of coseismic single rectangular fault model using GNSS data 査読有り

    Keitaro Ohno, Yusaku Ohta, Satoshi Kawamoto, Satoshi Abe, Ryota Hino, Shunichi Koshimura, Akihiro Musa, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    Earth, Planets and Space 73 (1) 2021年12月

    DOI: 10.1186/s40623-021-01425-0  

    ISSN:1343-8832

    eISSN:1880-5981

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    Rapid estimation of the coseismic fault model for medium-to-large-sized earthquakes is key for disaster response. To estimate the coseismic fault model for large earthquakes, the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan and Tohoku University have jointly developed a real-time GEONET analysis system for rapid deformation monitoring (REGARD). REGARD can estimate the single rectangular fault model and slip distribution along the assumed plate interface. The single rectangular fault model is useful as a first-order approximation of a medium-to-large earthquake. However, in its estimation, it is difficult to obtain accurate results for model parameters due to the strong effect of initial values. To solve this problem, this study proposes a new method to estimate the coseismic fault model and model uncertainties in real time based on the Bayesian inversion approach using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The MCMC approach is computationally expensive and hyperparameters should be defined in advance via trial and error. The sampling efficiency was improved using a parallel tempering method, and an automatic definition method for hyperparameters was developed for real-time use. The calculation time was within 30 s for 1 × 106 samples using a typical single LINUX server, which can implement real-time analysis, similar to REGARD. The reliability of the developed method was evaluated using data from recent earthquakes (2016 Kumamoto and 2019 Yamagata-Oki earthquakes). Simulations of the earthquakes in the Sea of Japan were also conducted exhaustively. The results showed an advantage over the maximum likelihood approach with a priori information, which has initial value dependence in nonlinear problems. In terms of application to data with a small signal-to-noise ratio, the results suggest the possibility of using several conjugate fault models. There is a tradeoff between the fault area and slip amount, especially for offshore earthquakes, which means that quantification of the uncertainty enables us to evaluate the reliability of the fault model estimation results in real time. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

  28. Model-based analysis of multi-UAV path planning for surveying postdisaster building damage 査読有り

    Ryosuke Nagasawa, Erick Mas, Luis Moya, Shunichi Koshimura

    Scientific Reports 11 (1) 2021年12月

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97804-4  

    eISSN:2045-2322

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    Emergency responders require accurate and comprehensive data to make informed decisions. Moreover, the data should be acquired and analyzed swiftly to ensure an efficient response. One of the tasks at hand post-disaster is damage assessment within the impacted areas. In particular, building damage should be assessed to account for possible casualties, and displaced populations, to estimate long-term shelter capacities, and to assess the damage to services that depend on essential infrastructure (e.g. hospitals, schools, etc.). Remote sensing techniques, including satellite imagery, can be used to gathering such information so that the overall damage can be assessed. However, specific points of interest among the damaged buildings need higher resolution images and detailed information to assess the damage situation. These areas can be further assessed through unmanned aerial vehicles and 3D model reconstruction. This paper presents a multi-UAV coverage path planning method for the 3D reconstruction of postdisaster damaged buildings. The methodology has been implemented in NetLogo3D, a multi-agent model environment, and tested in a virtual built environment in Unity3D. The proposed method generates camera location points surrounding targeted damaged buildings. These camera location points are filtered to avoid collision and then sorted using the K-means or the Fuzzy C-means methods. After clustering camera location points and allocating these to each UAV unit, a route optimization process is conducted as a multiple traveling salesman problem. Final corrections are made to paths to avoid obstacles and give a resulting path for each UAV that balances the flight distance and time. The paper presents the details of the model and methodologies, and an examination of the texture resolution obtained from the proposed method and the conventional overhead flight with the nadir-looking method used in 3D mappings. The algorithm outperforms the conventional method in terms of the quality of the generated 3D model.

  29. Method to extract difficult-to-evacuate areas by using tsunami evacuation simulation and numerical analysis 査読有り

    Eri Ito, Takato Kosaka, Michinori Hatayama, Luisa Urra, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 64 2021年10月

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102486  

    ISSN:2212-4209

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    Extracting the area where people have difficulty evacuating (hereafter difficult-to-evacuate areas, DEA) when tsunamis hit after an earthquake is important for effective disaster mitigation measures. The DEA was conventionally extracted by simply considering the walking speed, distance to the evacuation destination, and time needed for evacuation after considering the estimated tsunami inundation area. However, evaluating the DEA from such a simple scheme is insufficient because the behavior of residents and the road conditions to the evacuation destinations after an earthquake are not properly reflected in the scheme. In this study, agent-based tsunami evacuation simulations that can reflect the behavior of residents and real-time changes in the situation were conducted in Zihuatanejo, Guerrero, Mexico. It is a prime sightseeing destination under the high risk of megathrust events in the Guerrero Gap. First, by checking the simulation images at the tsunami arrival time, bottleneck locations were identified, and five additional models with different measures for the bottleneck locations were constructed and tested to find the best model with 195 casualties. Then, focusing on the best model, three indices for the casualties were proposed to extract the DEA effectively and quantitatively, and numerical analyses using the three indices was conducted. Finally, the subdistrict in the center of the target area (subdistrict 5) was quantitatively found to be the district that should be given the highest priority for measures. Moreover, an example model with a new measure in subdistrict 5 was validated to have 101 casualties. The key points for applying the proposed method for extraction of DEA in other areas are summarized.

  30. Enhancement of detecting permanent water and temporary water in flood disasters by fusing sentinel-1 and sentinel-2 imagery using deep learning algorithms: Demonstration of sen1floods11 benchmark datasets 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Wenqi Wu, Zhengxin Yang, Jinze Yu, Bo Zhao, Xing Liu, Hanfang Yang, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Remote Sensing 13 (11) NA 2021年6月1日

    DOI: 10.3390/rs13112220  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Identifying permanent water and temporary water in flood disasters efficiently has mainly relied on change detection method from multi-temporal remote sensing imageries, but estimating the water type in flood disaster events from only post-flood remote sensing imageries still remains challenging. Research progress in recent years has demonstrated the excellent potential of multisource data fusion and deep learning algorithms in improving flood detection, while this field has only been studied initially due to the lack of large-scale labelled remote sensing images of flood events. Here, we present new deep learning algorithms and a multi-source data fusion driven flood inundation mapping approach by leveraging a large-scale publicly available Sen1Flood11 dataset consisting of roughly 4831 labelled Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 optical imagery gathered from flood events worldwide in recent years. Specifically, we proposed an automatic segmentation method for surface water, permanent water, and temporary water identification, and all tasks share the same convolutional neural network architecture. We utilize focal loss to deal with the class (water/non-water) imbalance problem. Thorough ablation experiments and analysis confirmed the effectiveness of various proposed designs. In comparison experiments, the method proposed in this paper is superior to other classical models. Our model achieves a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 52.99%, Intersection over Union (IoU) of 52.30%, and Overall Accuracy (OA) of 92.81% on the Sen1Flood11 test set. On the Sen1Flood11 Bolivia test set, our model also achieves very high mIoU (47.88%), IoU (76.74%), and OA (95.59%) and shows good generalization ability.

  31. Learning from multimodal and multitemporal earth observation data for building damage mapping 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Naoto Yokoya, Junshi Xia, Hiroyuki Miura, Wen Liu, Masashi Matsuoka, Shunichi Koshimura

    ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 175 132-143 2021年5月

    出版者・発行元:Elsevier BV

    DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.02.016  

    ISSN:0924-2716

  32. Framework for estimating the risk and resilience of road networks with bridges and embankments under both seismic and tsunami hazards 査読有り

    Hiroki Ishibashi, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Dan M. Frangopol, Shunichi Koshimura, Takayuki Kojima, Kengo Nanami

    Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 17 (4) 494-514 2021年4月3日

    出版者・発行元:Informa UK Limited

    DOI: 10.1080/15732479.2020.1843503  

    ISSN:1573-2479

    eISSN:1744-8980

  33. The potential role of news media to construct a machine learning based damage mapping framework 査読有り

    Genki Okada, Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Remote Sensing 13 (7) 2021年4月

    DOI: 10.3390/rs13071401  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    When flooding occurs, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is often used to identify flood extent and the affected buildings for two reasons: (i) for early disaster response, such as rescue operations, and (ii) for flood risk analysis. Furthermore, the application of machine learning has been valuable for the identification of damaged buildings. However, the performance of machine learning depends on the number and quality of training data, which is scarce in the aftermath of a large scale disaster. To address this issue, we propose the use of fragmentary but reliable news media photographs at the time of a disaster and use them to detect the whole extent of the flooded buildings. As an experimental test, the flood occurred in the town of Mabi, Japan, in 2018 is used. Five hand-engineered features were extracted from SAR images acquired before and after the disaster. The training data were collected based on news photos. The date release of the photographs were considered to assess the potential role of news information as a source of training data. Then, a discriminant function was calibrated using the training data and the support vector machine method. We found that news information taken within 24 h of a disaster can classify flooded and nonflooded buildings with about 80% accuracy. The results were also compared with a standard unsupervised learning method and confirmed that training data generated from news media photographs improves the accuracy obtained from unsupervised classification methods. We also provide a discussion on the potential role of news media as a source of reliable information to be used as training data and other activities associated to early disaster response.

  34. A comparative analysis of empirical and analytical tsunami fragility functions for buildings in Tumaco, Colombia 査読有り

    Juan Paez-Ramirez, Juan Lizarazo, Sergio Medina, Miguel Rivas, Patricia Luna, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 630 (1) 2021年1月12日

    DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/630/1/012008  

    ISSN:1755-1307

    eISSN:1755-1315

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    The Pacific coast of Colombia has witnessed several tsunami events in the last century. However, the physical damage to structures at the time was not recorded, even when these events have brought overwhelming destruction to coastal communities. This lack of data increases uncertainties when assessing future tsunami impacts. Nonetheless, other regions of the world, which have been also affected by tsunami, have collected damage information that has been used to build empirical tsunami fragility functions. Based on a demand parameter, such as the tsunami inundation depth, a fragility function expresses the probability of building damage. Hence, regions with no recent tsunami damage cannot develop empirical fragility functions since post-disaster damage survey data is not available. One alternative for these regions is to develop analytical fragility functions out of computational nonlinear structural analysis. Reinforced concrete buildings and palafitte houses are selected to perform a comparative analysis of collapse damage assessment expressed in empirical and analytical fragility functions.

  35. Development of calibrated tsunami evacuation models through real-world collected data: The case study of Coquimbo-La Serena, Chile 査読有り

    Jorge León, Erick Mas, Patricio A. Catalán, Luis Moya, Alejandra Gubler, Shunichi Koshimura, Rodrigo Cienfuegos

    IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 630 (1) 2021年1月12日

    DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/630/1/012005  

    ISSN:1755-1307

    eISSN:1755-1315

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    Evacuation is considered the most important and effective method to save human lives in case of a tsunami. In recent years, significant efforts have been carried out to examine evacuation through computer-based models; nevertheless, challenges remain on examining the accuracy of these models in simulating real-world populations’ behavior. Along these lines, this paper uses a large call detail records (CDR) database to examine populations’ behaviors during a Mw 6.7 earthquake and tsunami evacuation in Coquimbo-La Serena, Chile, on January 19, 2019, and compare its outcomes with an agent-based model for the same case study. Results show partial correspondences between the model and the real-world data. While cell phone users’ rapid response to the emergency resembles the model’s assumption of rapid departures (alongside the rough evacuation direction), the evacuation rate of people in vulnerable areas significantly differs from the ‘total compliance’ (i.e. 100% evacuation rate) assumption of the model, which might lead to large human casualties in case of a real emergency.

  36. A procedure for estimating the risk and resilience of bridge networks under both seismic and tsunami hazards

    H. Ishibashi, T. Kojima, M. Akiyama, D. M. Frangopol, S. Koshimura

    Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, IABMAS 2020 2101-2107 2021年

    DOI: 10.1201/9780429279119-285  

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    To develop disaster mitigation measures in regions affected by both ground motions and tsunamis, it is important to consider the effects of both seismic and tsunami hazards and assess the social impacts associated with economic losses and reduced network functionality. In this paper, a procedure is presented for estimating the risk and resilience of bridge networks under both seismic and tsunami hazards. Using the proposed framework, it is possible to estimate risk as the economic loss and resilience as the functionality and recovery time of a network after an earthquake. In an illustrative example, the road networks in two Japanese cities expected to be affected by the anticipated Nankai Trough earthquake, which would cause strong ground motions and a subsequent tsunami, are analyzed. Using risk and resilience as performance indicators for social impacts, the effectiveness of retrofitting a road structure can be quantified. Finally, the retrofitting prioritization for various structures can be determined.

  37. Disaster Intensity-Based Selection of Training Samples for Remote Sensing Building Damage Classification 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Christian Geiss, Masakazu Hashimoto, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Gunter Strunz

    IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2021年

    DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2020.3046004  

    ISSN:0196-2892

    eISSN:1558-0644

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    Previous applications of machine learning in remote sensing for the identification of damaged buildings in the aftermath of a large-scale disaster have been successful. However, standard methods do not consider the complexity and costs of compiling a training data set after a large-scale disaster. In this article, we study disaster events in which the intensity can be modeled via numerical simulation and/or instrumentation. For such cases, two fully automatic procedures for the detection of severely damaged buildings are introduced. The fundamental assumption is that samples that are located in areas with low disaster intensity mainly represent nondamaged buildings. Furthermore, areas with moderate to strong disaster intensities likely contain damaged and nondamaged buildings. Under this assumption, a procedure that is based on the automatic selection of training samples for learning and calibrating the standard support vector machine classifier is utilized. The second procedure is based on the use of two regularization parameters to define the support vectors. These frameworks avoid the collection of labeled building samples via field surveys and/or visual inspection of optical images, which requires a significant amount of time. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated via application to three real cases: the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake-tsunami, the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, and the 2018 Okayama floods. The resulted accuracy ranges between 0.85 and 0.89, and thus, it shows that the result can be used for the rapid allocation of affected buildings.

  38. Risk estimation of the disaster waste generated by both ground motion and tsunami due to the anticipated Nankai Trough earthquake 査読有り

    Hiroki Ishibashi, Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Takayuki Kojima, Koki Aoki, Shunichi Koshimura, Dan M. Frangopol

    Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 50 (8) 2134-2155 2021年

    DOI: 10.1002/eqe.3440  

    ISSN:0098-8847

    eISSN:1096-9845

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    The amount of disaster waste is one of the most important performance indicators in quantifying the resilience of a community. In fact, disaster waste can have significant negative impacts on the environment in affected regions and hinder the postdisaster recovery process. Appropriate disaster waste management should be developed in Japan before the occurrence of the Nankai Trough earthquake. It is expected that the seismic and tsunami intensities caused by the anticipated Nankai Trough earthquake will be substantially larger than those caused by the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake. In this paper, a risk-based methodology is presented for estimating the amount of disaster waste generated by both the ground motions and the tsunami due to the anticipated Nankai Trough earthquake. First, Monte Carlo simulation-based probabilistic hazard analyses are performed to obtain seismic and tsunami hazard curves considering the uncertainty associated with fault movement along the Nankai Trough. Structural damage data associated with past earthquakes are used to develop seismic and tsunami fragility curves. The amount of disaster waste generated from a single structure is defined as the generation unit and is determined based on past disasters. Finally, with the aid of a geographic information system, the risk of disaster waste can be estimated using the hazard and fragility curves and the generation units. As an illustrative example, the risk curves and expected values associated with disaster waste in Mie Prefecture, Japan, are estimated based on the proposed framework.

  39. Pyramid pooling module-based semi-siamese network: A benchmark model for assessing building damage from xbd satellite imagery datasets 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Junjie Hu, Jinhua Su, Xing Liu, Haoyu Liu, Xianwen He, Shengwang Meng, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Remote Sensing 12 (24) 1-20 2020年12月2日

    DOI: 10.3390/rs12244055  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Most mainstream research on assessing building damage using satellite imagery is based on scattered datasets and lacks unified standards and methods to quantify and compare the performance of different models. To mitigate these problems, the present study develops a novel end-to-end benchmark model, termed the pyramid pooling module semi-Siamese network (PPM-SSNet), based on a large-scale xBD satellite imagery dataset. The high precision of the proposed model is achieved by adding residual blocks with dilated convolution and squeeze-and-excitation blocks into the network. Simultaneously, the highly automated process of satellite imagery input and damage classification result output is reached by employing concurrent learned attention mechanisms through a semi-Siamese network for end-to-end input and output purposes. Our proposed method achieves F1 scores of 0.90, 0.41, 0.65, and 0.70 for the undamaged, minor-damaged, major-damaged, and destroyed building classes, respectively. From the perspective of end-to-end methods, the ablation experiments and comparative analysis confirm the effectiveness and originality of the proposed method. Finally, the consistent prediction results of our model for data from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake verify the high performance of our model in terms of the domain shift problem, which implies that it is effective for evaluating future disasters.

  40. Advances of International Collaboration on M9 Disaster Science: Scientific Session Report 査読有り

    Elizabeth Maly, Kenjiro Terada, Randall J. LeVeque, Naoko Kuriyama, Daniel B. Abramson, Lan T. Nguyen, Ann Bostrom, Jorge León, Michael Motley, Patricio A. Catalan, Shunichi Koshimura, Shuji Moriguchi, Yuya Yamaguchi, Carrie Garrison-Laney, Anawat Suppasri, Erick Mas

    Journal of Disaster Research 15 (7) 890-899 2020年12月1日

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2020.p0890  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    The goal of the Scientific Session: “Advances of International Collaboration on M9 Disaster Science” at the 2nd World Bosai Forum (WBF) in Sendai in November 2019 was to share progress on research projects and findings related to an M9 mega-disaster event, building on outcomes from a March 2019 collaborative workshop on M9 disaster science between research partners from the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS)/Tohoku University, University of Washington-Seattle (UW), and the Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (CIGIDEN). This paper reports on the presentations during the WBF Scientific Session, which shared updates and outputs of research collaborations from different disciplines, following the themes of risk-based planning, structural engineering, tsunami observation and early warning, and tsunami simulation and probabilistic tsunami risk assessment. This international and cross-disciplinary collaboration has led to the advancement of a number of specific research projects in different fields, as well as a robust network of researchers in the three countries. Based in coastal regions facing similar risks of massive earthquakes and tsunami in Japan, the United States, and Chile, it is hoped that ongoing and future collaboration within this network will continue to advance knowledge of disaster science and international disaster risk reduction.

  41. Combination of school evacuation drill with tsunami inundation simulation: Consensus-making between disaster experts and citizens on an evacuation strategy 査読有り

    Genta Nakano, Katsuya Yamori, Takuya Miyashita, Luisa Urra, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 51 101803-101803 2020年12月

    出版者・発行元:Elsevier BV

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101803  

    ISSN:2212-4209

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    This paper aims to introduce an effective methodology for communicating a science-based tsunami risk scenario to non-expert citizens through consensus-making between disaster experts and non-experts, with the aid of fourway split-screen movie clips depicting evacuation scenarios. Action research on tsunami education in Zihuatanejo, Mexico found that a perception of tsunamis as catastrophic together with the one-directional nature of risk communication resulted in inaction on the part of non-experts in disaster preparedness, contrary to the expectations of experts. In other words, non-experts did not think that they could cope with a tsunami disaster and they perceived that as non-experts they themselves could not affect the tsunami risk scenario communicated to them by the experts. In response, movie clips simultaneously displaying a school evacuation drill and tsunami inundation simulation were developed. These movie clips are intended to serve as a tool in the process of establishing a school tsunami evacuation strategy by promoting consensus-making between experts and non-experts about the risk scenario, thereby helping to change the perception of a tsunami from a catastrophe that cannot be dealt with by non-experts to a realistic perception that non-experts can indeed help by engaging in their own tsunami risk preparedness activities. The developed movie clips were used at a workshop for stakeholders, including academics, local government, and teachers, with the aims of establishing scenario-based evacuation strategies and promoting the proactive implementation of preparedness activities by non-expert teachers. The study will contribute to establishing a mechanism for applying scientific knowledge to solving societal issues.

  42. Technical Solution Discussion for Key Challenges of Operational Convolutional Neural Network-Based Building-Damage Assessment from Satellite Imagery: Perspective from Benchmark xBD Dataset 査読有り

    Jinhua Su, Yanbing Bai, Xingrui Wang, Dong Lu, Bo Zhao, Hanfang Yang, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    Remote Sensing 12 (22) 3808-3808 2020年11月20日

    出版者・発行元:MDPI AG

    DOI: 10.3390/rs12223808  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Earth Observation satellite imaging helps building diagnosis during a disaster. Several models are put forward on the xBD dataset, which can be divided into two levels: the building level and the pixel level. Models from two levels evolve into several versions that will be reviewed in this paper. There are four key challenges hindering researchers from moving forward on this task, and this paper tries to give technical solutions. First, metrics on different levels could not be compared directly. We put forward a fairer metric and give a method to convert between metrics of two levels. Secondly, drone images may be another important source, but drone data may have only a post-disaster image. This paper shows and compares methods of directly detecting and generating. Thirdly, the class imbalance is a typical feature of the xBD dataset and leads to a bad F1 score for minor damage and major damage. This paper provides four specific data resampling strategies, which are Main-Label Over-Sampling (MLOS), Discrimination After Cropping (DAC), Dilation of Area with Minority (DAM) and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), as well as cost-sensitive re-weighting schemes. Fourthly, faster prediction meets the need for a real-time situation. This paper recommends three specific methods, feature-map subtraction, parameter sharing, and knowledge distillation. Finally, we developed our AI-driven Damage Diagnose Platform (ADDP). This paper introduces the structure of ADDP and technical details. Customized settings, interface preview, and upload and download satellite images are major services our platform provides.

  43. Tsunami hazard assessment for the central and southern pacific coast of Colombia 査読有り

    Ronald Sanchez Escobar, Luis Otero Diaz, Anlly Melissa Guerrero, Milton Puentes Galindo, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Bruno Adriano, Luisa Urra, Paola Quintero

    Coastal Engineering Journal 1-13 2020年9月23日

    出版者・発行元:Informa UK Limited

    DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2020.1818362  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

  44. Tsunamis in Latin American countries 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 62 (3) 349-349 2020年7月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2020.1798147  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

  45. A comparative study of empirical and analytical fragility functions for the assessment of tsunami building damage in Tumaco, Colombia 査読有り

    Juan Paez-Ramirez, Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga, Sergio Medina, Martin Estrada, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 62 (3) 362-372 2020年7月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2020.1726558  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

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    A fragility function shows the building damage likelihood based on a demand parameter such as the tsunami flow depth. While empirical fragility functions have been developed by using postdisaster damage survey data, regions with no recent tsunami damage cannot develop these estimations. Alternatively, analytical fragility functions could be developed to fill this gap. Along the Colombian Pacific coast, several tsunami events have occurred; however, the aftermath resulting from the structure physical damage was not recorded. Fortunately, other regions of the have collected tsunami damage information, which has been analyzed and represented in terms of empirical fragility functions. This paper provides a comparative study of empirical and analytical tsunami fragility functions. It is focused on the analytical fragility functions developed for typical structures in Tumaco, Colombia and on empirical fragility curves taken from damage survey data of recent tsunami events. The differences in the assessments of the damage produced by the two methods in the case of a two-story reinforced concrete building in Tumaco is discussed herein. As a result of the comparison, it was shown that the structures in Tumaco have higher collapse probabilities at lower flow depths than structures in other places along the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

  46. Learning from the 2018 Western Japan Heavy Rains to Detect Floods during the 2019 Hagibis Typhoon 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 12 (14) 2244-2244 2020年7月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs12142244  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Applications of machine learning on remote sensing data appear to be endless. Its use in damage identification for early response in the aftermath of a large-scale disaster has a specific issue. The collection of training data right after a disaster is costly, time-consuming, and many times impossible. This study analyzes a possible solution to the referred issue: the collection of training data from past disaster events to calibrate a discriminant function. Then the identification of affected areas in a current disaster can be performed in near real-time. The performance of a supervised machine learning classifier to learn from training data collected from the 2018 heavy rainfall at Okayama Prefecture, Japan, and to identify floods due to the typhoon Hagibis on 12 October 2019 at eastern Japan is reported in this paper. The results show a moderate agreement with flood maps provided by local governments and public institutions, and support the assumption that previous disaster information can be used to identify a current disaster in near-real time.

  47. Characteristics of Tsunami Fragility Functions Developed Using Different Sources of Damage Data from the 2018 Sulawesi Earthquake and Tsunami 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Ryan Paulik, Kwanchai Pakoksung, Bruno Adriano, Luis Moya, Anawat Suppasri, Abdul Muhari, Rokhis Khomarudin, Naoto Yokoya, Masashi Matsuoka, Shunichi Koshimura

    PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 177 (6) 2437-2455 2020年6月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER BASEL AG

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-020-02501-4  

    ISSN:0033-4553

    eISSN:1420-9136

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    We developed tsunami fragility functions using three sources of damage data from the 2018 Sulawesi tsunami at Palu Bay in Indonesia obtained from (i) field survey data (FS), (ii) a visual interpretation of optical satellite images (VI), and (iii) a machine learning and remote sensing approach utilized on multisensor and multitemporal satellite images (MLRS). Tsunami fragility functions are cumulative distribution functions that express the probability of a structure reaching or exceeding a particular damage state in response to a specific tsunami intensity measure, in this case obtained from the interpolation of multiple surveyed points of tsunami flow depth. We observed that the FS approach led to a more consistent function than that of the VI and MLRS methods. In particular, an initial damage probability observed at zero inundation depth in the latter two methods revealed the effects of misclassifications on tsunami fragility functions derived from VI data; however, it also highlighted the remarkable advantages of MLRS methods. The reasons and insights used to overcome such limitations are discussed together with the pros and cons of each method. The results show that the tsunami damage observed in the 2018 Sulawesi event in Indonesia, expressed in the fragility function developed herein, is similar in shape to the function developed after the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-oki tsunami, albeit with a slightly lower damage probability between zero-to-five-meter inundation depths. On the other hand, in comparison with the fragility function developed after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Banda Aceh, the characteristics of Palu structures exhibit higher fragility in response to tsunamis. The two-meter inundation depth exhibited nearly 20% probability of damage in the case of Banda Aceh, while the probability of damage was close to 70% at the same depth in Palu.

  48. Wetland Surface Water Detection from Multipath SAR Images Using Gaussian Process-Based Temporal Interpolation 査読有り

    Yukio Endo, Meghan Halabisky, L. Monika Moskal, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 12 (11) 2020年6月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs12111756  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Wetlands provide society with a myriad of ecosystem services, such as water storage, food sources, and flood control. The ecosystem services provided by a wetland are largely dependent on its hydrological dynamics. Constant monitoring of the spatial extent of water surfaces and the duration of flooding of a wetland is necessary to understand the impact of drought on the ecosystem services a wetland provides. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has the potential to reveal wetland dynamics. Multitemporal SAR image analysis for wetland monitoring has been extensively studied based on the advances of modern SAR missions. Unfortunately, most previous studies utilized monopath SAR images, which result in limited success. Tracking changes in individual wetlands remains a challenging task because several environmental factors, such as wind-roughened water, degrade image quality. In general, the data acquisition frequency is an important factor in time series analysis. We propose a Gaussian process-based temporal interpolation (GPTI) method that enables the synergistic use of SAR images taken from multiple paths. The proposed model is applied to a series of Sentinel-1 images capturing wetlands in Okanogan County, Washington State. Our experimental analysis demonstrates that the multiple path analysis based on the proposed method can extract seasonal changes more accurately than a single path analysis.

  49. Detecting urban changes using phase correlation and l(1)-based sparse model for early disaster response: A case study of the 2018 Sulawesi Indonesia earthquake-tsunami 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Abdul Muhari, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Luis R. Marval-Perez, Naoto Yokoya

    REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 242 2020年6月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

    DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.111743  

    ISSN:0034-4257

    eISSN:1879-0704

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    Change detection between images is a procedure used in many applications of remote sensing data. Among these applications, the identification of damaged infrastructures in urban areas due to a large-scale disaster is a task that is crucial for distributing relief, quantifying losses, and rescue purposes. A crucial consideration for change detection is that the images must be co-registered precisely to avoid errors resulting from misalignments. An essential consideration is that some large-magnitude earthquakes produce very complex distortions of the ground surface; therefore, a pair of images recorded before and after a particular earthquake cannot be co-registered accurately. In this study, we intend to identify changes between images that are not co-registered. The proposed procedure is based on the use of phase correlation, which shows different patterns in changed and non-changed areas. A careful study of the properties of phase correlation suggests that it is robust against misalignments between images. However, previous studies showed that, in areas with no-changes, the signal power in the phase correlation is not concentrated in a single component, but rather in several components. Thus, we study the performance of the l(1)-regularized logistic regression classifier to identify the relevant components of phase correlation and learn to detect non-changed and changes areas. An empirical evaluation consisting of identifying the changes between pre-event and post-event images corresponding to the 2018 Sulawesi Indonesia earthquake-tsunami was performed for this purpose. Pairs of visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectral bands of medium-resolution were used to compute the phase correlation to set feature space. The phase correlation-based feature space consisted of 484 features. We evaluate the proposed procedure using a damage inventory performed from visual inspection of optical images of 0.5-m resolution. A third-party provided the referred inventory. Because of the limitation of medium-resolution imagery, the different damage levels in the damage inventory were merged into a binary class: "changed" and "non-changed". The results demonstrate that the proposed procedure efficiently reproduced 85 +/- 6% of the damage inventory. Furthermore, our results identified tsunami-affected areas that were not previously identified by visual inspection.

  50. Tsunami Damage Detection with Remote Sensing: A Review 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Yanbing Bai

    GEOSCIENCES 10 (5) 177-177 2020年5月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/geosciences10050177  

    eISSN:2076-3263

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    Tsunamis are rare events compared with the other natural disasters, but once it happens, it can be extremely devastating to the coastal communities. Extensive inland penetration of tsunamis may cause the difficulties of understanding its impact in the aftermath of its generation. Therefore the social needs to technologies of detecting the wide impact of great tsunamis have been increased. Recent advances of remote sensing and technologies of image analysis meet the above needs and lead to more rapid and efficient understanding of tsunami affected areas. This paper provides a review of how remote sensing methods have developed to contribute to post-tsunami disaster response. The evaluations in the performances of the remote sensing methods are discussed according to the needs of tsunami disaster response with future perspective.

  51. Statistical analysis of earthquake debris extent from wood-frame buildings and its use in road networks in Japan 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Fumio Yamazaki, Wen Liu, Shunichi Koshimura

    EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA 36 (1) 209-231 2020年2月

    出版者・発行元:SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC

    DOI: 10.1177/8755293019892423  

    ISSN:8755-2930

    eISSN:1944-8201

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    Debris scattering is one of the main causes of road/street blockage after earthquakes in dense urban areas. Therefore, the evaluation of debris scattering is crucial for decision makers and for producing an effective emergency response. In this vein, this article presents the following: (1) statistical data concerning the debris extent of collapsed buildings caused by the 2016 Mw 7.0 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan; (2) an investigation of the factors influencing the extent of debris; (3) probability functions for the debris extent; and (4) applications in the evaluation of road networks. To accomplish these tasks, LiDAR data and aerial photos acquired before and after the mainshock (16 April 2016) were used. This valuable dataset gives us the opportunity to accurately quantify the relationship between the debris extent and the geometrical properties of buildings.

  52. A Semiautomatic Pixel-Object Method for Detecting Landslides Using Multitemporal ALOS-2 Intensity Images 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Naoto Yokoya, Hiroyuki Miura, Masashi Matsuoka, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 12 (3) 2020年2月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs12030561  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    The rapid and accurate mapping of large-scale landslides and other mass movement disasters is crucial for prompt disaster response efforts and immediate recovery planning. As such, remote sensing information, especially from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors, has significant advantages over cloud-covered optical imagery and conventional field survey campaigns. In this work, we introduced an integrated pixel-object image analysis framework for landslide recognition using SAR data. The robustness of our proposed methodology was demonstrated by mapping two different source-induced landslide events, namely, the debris flows following the torrential rainfall that fell over Hiroshima, Japan, in early July 2018 and the coseismic landslide that followed the 2018 Mw6.7 Hokkaido earthquake. For both events, only a pair of SAR images acquired before and after each disaster by the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) was used. Additional information, such as digital elevation model (DEM) and land cover information, was employed only to constrain the damage detected in the affected areas. We verified the accuracy of our method by comparing it with the available reference data. The detection results showed an acceptable correlation with the reference data in terms of the locations of damage. Numerical evaluations indicated that our methodology could detect landslides with an accuracy exceeding 80%. In addition, the kappa coefficients for the Hiroshima and Hokkaido events were 0.30 and 0.47, respectively.

  53. Damage Characterization in Urban Environments from Multitemporal Remote Sensing Datasets Built from Previous Events.

    Bruno Adriano, Junshi Xia, Naoto Yokoya, Hiroyuki Miura, Masashi Matsuoka, Shunichi Koshimura

    IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium(IGARSS) 3751-3754 2020年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS39084.2020.9323415  

  54. ROAD NETWORK RETROFITTING PRIORITIZATION UNDER SEISMIC AND TSUNAMI HAZARDS CAUSED BY THE ANTICIPATED NANKAI TROUGH EARTHQUAKE BASED ON THE PROBABILISTIC RISK AND RESILIENCE

    Hiroki ISHIBASHI, Takayuki KOJIMA, Mitsuyoshi AKIYAMA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. A1 (Structural Engineering & Earthquake Engineering (SE/EE)) 76 (4) I_32-I_46 2020年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejseee.76.4_i_32  

    eISSN:2185-4653

  55. FRAMEWORK FOR ESTIMATING THE RELIABILITY OF BRIDGES AND EMBANKMENTS UNDER BOTH SEISMIC AND TSUNAMI HAZARDS: A CASE STUDY OF THE ANTICIPATED NANKAI TROUGH EARTHQUAKE

    Hiroki ISHIBASHI, Takayuki KOJIMA, Mitsuyoshi AKIYAMA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. A1 (Structural Engineering & Earthquake Engineering (SE/EE)) 76 (1) 41-60 2020年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejseee.76.1_41  

    eISSN:2185-4653

  56. Investigation of the MRT-LBM with and without free surface flows: Validation in classical benchmark problems 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Shunichi Koshimura

    Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Computational Mechanics: Solids, Structures and Coupled Problems, ECCM 2018 and 7th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics, ECFD 2018 4253-4264 2020年

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    copyright © Crown copyright (2018).All right reserved. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is an alternative simulation tool describing incompressible fluids. In recent years, it has become clear that the lattice BGK model has limitations for high-accuracy calculations. By contrast, the advanced multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) model is attracting more attention to overcome the defects of the BGK model. The objectives of this study are to verify and validate the MRT-LBM with and without free surface flows. We have performed (i) a comparison of the MRT-LBM and BGK-LBM to clarify the accuracy in two-dimensional cavity flows, (ii) a numerical simulation with the MRT-LBM's free surface model in standing waves benchmark problem. We found that the MRT-LBM has superior accuracy over the BGK-LBM in the cavity flows even in solid wall boundaries. Moreover, the MRT-LBM can controlled the compressibility drop in the 2nd order value of the Mach number in free surface flow.

  57. Validation of the MRT-LBM for three-dimensional free-surface flows: an investigation of the weak compressibility in dam-break benchmarks 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 62 (1) 53-68 2020年1月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2019.1672124  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

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    Free-surface flow problems occur in numerous disaster simulations, such as tsunami inland penetration in urban areas. Simulation models for these problems must be non-hydrostatic, three-dimensional and highly resolved because of the strong non-linearity and higher-order physical phenomena. However, three-dimensional large-scale tsunami simulations based on conventional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solving the Navier-Stokes equations are challenging due to the pressure Poisson equation in incompressible Navier-Stokes fluid modeling. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is an alternative simulation tool that is attracting attention as a fully explicit and efficient approach. The LBM does not have to iteratively solve the pressure Poisson equation and is therefore considered to have an advantage over other methods when executing high-performance three-dimensional tsunami simulations. In the current study, we developed a fully explicit free-surface model using the LBM in which the more advanced multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) collision model is used, along with the piecewise linear interface calculation (PLIC) approach. Through classic dam-break problems, we validated the appropriate parameter settings, including the weak compressibility, for tsunami simulations. The benchmark tests showed that our model accurately simulates the three-dimensional dam-break flows and controls the compressibility drop in the second-order value of the Mach number.

  58. Study on the Intensity and Coherence Information of High-Resolution ALOS-2 SAR Images for Rapid Massive Landslide Mapping at a Pixel Level 査読有り

    Pinglan Ge, Hideomi Gokon, Kimiro Meguro, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 11 (23) 2019年12月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs11232808  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    A rapid mapping of landslides following a disaster is important for coordinating emergency response and limiting rescue delays. A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide a solution even in harsh weather and at night, due to its independence of weather and light, quick response, no contact and broad coverage. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive exploration on the intensity and coherence information of three Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) SAR images, for rapid massive landslide mapping in a pixel level, in order to provide a reference for future applications. Applied data were two pre-event and one post-event high-resolution ALOS-2 products. Studied area was in the east of Iburi, Hokkaido, Japan, where massive shallow landslides were triggered in the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake. Potential parameters, including intensity difference (d), co-event correlation coefficient (r), correlation coefficient difference (Delta r), co-event coherence (gamma), and coherence difference (Delta gamma), were first selected and calculated based on a radar reflection mechanism, to facilitate rapid detection. Qualitative observation was then performed by overlapping ground truth landslides to calculated parameter images. Based on qualitative observation, an absolute value of d (d(abs1)) was applied to facility analyses, and a new parameter (d(abs2)) was proposed to avoid information loss in the calculation. After that, quantitative analyses of the six parameters (d(abs1), d(abs2), r, Delta r, gamma and Delta gamma) were performed by receiver operating characteristic. d(abs2) and Delta r were found to be favorable parameters, which had the highest AUC values of 0.82 and 0.75, and correctly classified 69.36% and 64.57% landslide and non-landslide pixels by appropriate thresholds. Finally, a discriminant function was developed, combining three relatively favorable parameters (d(abs2), Delta r, and Delta gamma) with one in each type, and achieved an overall accuracy of 74.31% for landslide mapping.

  59. Tsunami analytical fragility curves for the Colombian Pacific coast: A reinforced concrete building example 査読有り

    Sergio Medina, Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga, Martin Estrada, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano

    ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 196 109309-109309 2019年10月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER SCI LTD

    DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109309  

    ISSN:0141-0296

    eISSN:1873-7323

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    From the last large seismic movements generated in the Pacific Ocean, it has been demonstrated that tsunamis have a high potential of destruction of buildings on the coasts. In that sense, although along the Pacific Colombian coast several earthquakes that have generated tsunami were reported during the last century, there are no local data to quantify the physical damage that future events could produce on nearby cities. For the purpose of establishing tools to increase the risk management capabilities along the Colombian-Ecuadorian Pacific Coast, this paper summarizes a research aimed to describe a new integrated methodology to obtain fragility curves for local buildings at risk of a tsunami. This task was accomplished using computational non-linear structural analysis, combined with a Monte Carlo statistical algorithm to obtain numerical probabilistic fragility curves. The structural capacity of buildings was obtained from nonlinear structural simulations using the finite element method, to calculate later the damage of each building. Two different damage models to estimate the probability of damage were tested in order to evaluate the one that better represents the structural behavior of buildings, in which the tsunami was considered in the structural model as forces scattered to different heights, thus representing different flow depths. As a result, a methodology was developed to calculate theoretical probabilistic fragility curves for the typical structures found in the Colombian Pacific coast, although this methodology could be expanded to any structural system located in any region around the world. As an illustrative example, the methodology proposed in this research was applied to a typical reinforced concrete building, obtained from a previous work in which all the Tumaco city buildings were characterized according to their structural features.

  60. Drawback in the Change Detection Approach: False Detection during the 2018 Western Japan Floods 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Yukio Endo, Genki Okada, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas

    REMOTE SENSING 11 (19) 2019年10月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs11192320  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images have been used to map flooded areas with great success. Flooded areas are often identified by detecting changes between a pair of images recorded before and after a certain flood. During the 2018 Western Japan Floods, the change detection method generated significant misclassifications for agricultural targets. To evaluate whether such a situation could be repeated in future events, this paper examines and identifies the causes of the misclassifications. We concluded that the errors occurred because of the following. (i) The use of only a single pair of SAR images from before and after the floods. (ii) The unawareness of the dynamics of the backscattering intensity through time in agricultural areas. (iii) The effect of the wavelength on agricultural targets. Furthermore, it is highly probable that such conditions might occur in future events. Our conclusions are supported by a field survey of 35 paddy fields located within the misclassified area and the analysis of Sentinel-1 time series data. In addition, in this paper, we propose a new parameter, which we named "conditional coherence", that can be of help to overcome the referred issue. The new parameter is based on the physical mechanism of the backscattering on flooded and non-flooded agricultural targets. The performance of the conditional coherence as an input of discriminant functions to identify flooded and non-flooded agricultural targets is reported as well.

  61. Multi-Source Data Fusion Based on Ensemble Learning for Rapid Building Damage Mapping during the 2018 Sulawesi Earthquake and Tsunami in Palu, Indonesia 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Junshi Xia, Gerald Baier, Naoto Yokoya, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 11 (7) 2019年4月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs11070886  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    This work presents a detailed analysis of building damage recognition, employing multi-source data fusion and ensemble learning algorithms for rapid damage mapping tasks. A damage classification framework is introduced and tested to categorize the building damage following the recent 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami. Three robust ensemble learning classifiers were investigated for recognizing building damage from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical remote sensing datasets and their derived features. The contribution of each feature dataset was also explored, considering different combinations of sensors as well as their temporal information. SAR scenes acquired by the ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-1 sensors were used. The optical Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope sensors were also included in this study. A non-local filter in the preprocessing phase was used to enhance the SAR features. Our results demonstrated that the canonical correlation forests classifier performs better in comparison to the other classifiers. In the data fusion analysis, Digital Elevation Model (DEM)- and SAR-derived features contributed the most in the overall damage classification. Our proposed mapping framework successfully classifies four levels of building damage (with overall accuracy >90%, average accuracy >67%). The proposed framework learned the damage patterns from a limited available human-interpreted building damage annotation and expands this information to map a larger affected area. This process including pre- and post-processing phases were completed in about 3 h after acquiring all raw datasets.

  62. Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data Part 4 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 14 (3) 415-415 2019年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0415  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  63. Development and Validation of a Tsunami Numerical Model with the Polygonally Nested Grid System and its MPI-Parallelization for Real-Time Tsunami Inundation Forecast on a Regional Scale 査読有り

    Takuya Inoue, Takashi Abe, Shunichi Koshimura, Akihiro Musa, Yoichi Murashima, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 14 (3) 416-434 2019年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0416  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    We have developed a new numerical model suitable for rapid and wide-area estimation of tsunami inundation and damage. The model is based on the world-renowned TUNAMI code solving the two-dimensional nonlinear shallow water equations, and enables one-stop simulation of the initial tsunami distribution based on a fault model, tsunami propagation and inundation, and damage estimation. It extends the configuration of the grid system from conventional rectangular regions to polygonal regions so that deployment of high-resolution grids can be confined to the coastal lowland, resulting in remarkably improved efficiency in computation and better precision. For the purpose of real-time implementation of tsunami inundation simulation using a high-performance computing infrastructure, vectorization and MPI parallelization have also been conducted. Moreover, the model was verified and validated through several benchmark problems that the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program, organized by federal agencies and states in the U.S., developed as the quality standards for simulating and assessing tsunami hazard and risk. The newly-developed model is named "Real-time Tsunami inundation (RTi) model," and its computational performance was examined using the SX-ACE, a vector supercomputer installed at Tohoku University. The results show that it requires only 128 cores of the SX-ACE for implementing six-hour tsunami inundation simulation with a 10-meter grid resolution within 10 minutes for the 700 km long coastline of Kochi Prefecture, Japan. This means that the RTi model is over 10 times more efficient as the conventional tsunami model with the rectangular domains, and it can be inferred that 2,451 cores of the SX-ACE are the overall computational resources needed for real-time tsunami inundation forecast on the whole coastal regions along the Nankai Trough subduction zone, corresponding to the computational performance of 170 Tflop/s. The resources required are equivalent to 24% of all the SX-ACE resources at Tohoku University, indicating the feasibility of real-time tsunami inundation forecast on a regional scale by using the RTi model. Since the Disaster Information System operated by the Cabinet Office of the Japanese Government adopted a function of tsunami damage estimation using the aforementioned numerical model, at the end of this paper, a brief overview of the subsystem for rapidly estimating tsunami damage on a regional scale is described.

  64. 3D gray level co-occurrence matrix and its application to identifying collapsed buildings 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Homa Zakeri, Fumio Yamazaki, Wen Liu, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING 149 14-28 2019年3月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER

    DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.01.008  

    ISSN:0924-2716

    eISSN:1872-8235

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    With the remarkable progress in access to remote sensing imagery data, nowadays research very often utilizes more than one image. We are often able to use multitemporal, hyperspectral, and/or full polarization of microwave radar images. In addition, it has become the general consensus that texture analysis plays an important role in remote sensing. It has been found in several publications that texture analysis was applied to each layer separately; however, this procedure requires a significant amount of computation and produces a massive volume of data. One alternative, and perhaps a better procedure, is to arrange the images into a multi-layered structure and perform texture analysis within some sort of three-dimensional domain. This manuscript extends the concepts of the gray level of co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) texture analysis applied for a single image to a multi-layered set of images, referred to in this paper as 3DGLCM. We then presented an interpretation of the 3DGLCM within the context of building damage identification. A set of 3DGLCM-based features were computed and evaluated as well. As a result, it was observed that some texture features have certain similarities with other methods proposed in previous studies, whereas other features have not been used before. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the performance of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier in learning and detecting collapsed buildings using 3DGLCM-based features. Thus, the empirical evaluation focuses on the identification of collapsed buildings caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, where individual polarized TerraSAR-X intensity images are used to compute the texture features, and the collapsed buildings caused by the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, where LIDAR-based digital surface models are used to compute the texture features. Extensive datasets consisting of building damage states that have been visually inspected by local authorities and research teams are used to set up the training and testing subsets. Furthermore, the proposed texture features are compared with features commonly used to identify collapsed buildings. The study concludes that an SVM trained with 3DGLCM-based features identifies collapsed buildings with high accuracy and outperforms an SVM trained with common features used in previous studies.

  65. Estimate of Water Quality Change in Osaka Bay Caused by the Suspension of Marine Sediment with Mega Tsunami 査読有り

    Mitsuru Hayashi, Satoshi Nakada, Shunich Koshimura, Eiichi Kobayashi

    Oceanography Challenges to Future Earth 45-54 2019年

    出版者・発行元:Springer International Publishing

    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-00138-4_5  

  66. CROSS-DOMAIN-CLASSIFICATION OF TSUNAMI DAMAGE VIA DATA SIMULATION AND RESIDUAL-NETWORK-DERIVED FEATURES FROM MULTI-SOURCE IMAGES 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Naoto Yokoya, Junshi Xia, Gerald Baier, Shunichi Koshimura

    2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS 2019) 4947-4950 2019年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899155  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    This paper presents a novel application of remote sensing data and machine learning technologies for damage classification in a real-world cross-domain application. The proposed methodology trains models to learn the building damage characteristics recorded in the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami from multi-sensor and multi-temporal remote sensing images. Then, the trained models are tested in the recent 2018 Sulawesi Tsunami. Additionally, a simulation of high-resolution SAR image was carried to deal with missing data modality. Our initial results show that the ResNet-derived features from optical images acquired after the disaster together with moderate- and high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) post-event intensity data showed significant accuracy in classifying two levels of tsunami-induced damage, with an average f-score of approximately 0.72. Taking into account that no training data from the 2018 Sulawesi Tsunami was used, our methodology shows excellent potential for future implementation of a rapid response system based on a database of building damage constructed from previous majors disasters.

  67. ESTIMATING TSUNAMI INUNDATION DEPTH USING TERRASAR-X DATA 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura, Kimiro Meguro

    2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS 2019) 4845-4848 2019年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899127  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In this study, a function to estimate tsunami inundation depth using pre- and post-event high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (TerraSAR-X) data was derived and the performance was evaluated. After the tsunami disaster, it is important to identify an extensive impact caused by a tsunami disaster. Tsunami inundation depth is an important index to expect building damage because it has a strong correlation with the amount of building damage. However, it was diffcult to estimate the tsunami inundation depth from satellite image. This study aims at developing a method to estimate tsunami inundation depth by integrating remote sensing technology and tsunami engineering. The method for estimating tsunami inundation depth consists of two steps, 1) Change detection of pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X data that captured affected areas due to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, 2) Estimation of tsunami inundation depth. The new function showed good performance with the corrrelation coefficient of R = 0.68.

  68. ADVANCED POLARIMETRIC STEREO-SAR FOR TSUNAMI DEBRIS ESTIMATION AND DISASTER MITIGATION 査読有り

    Christian N. Koyama, Shunichi Koshimura, Motoyuki Sato

    2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS 2019) 4837-4840 2019年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898619  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    Debris estimation is one of the most important initial challenges after a disaster like the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Reasonable estimates of the debris must be made available to decision makers as quickly as possible. Classical approaches to obtain this information are far from being optimal, usually relying on manual interpretation of optical imagery. We have developed a novel approach for the estimation of tsunami debris pile heights and volumes for improved emergency response. The method is based on a stereo-synthetic aperture radar (stereo-SAR) approach for very high-resolution airborne polarimetric SAR. An advanced gradient-based optical-flow estimation technique is applied for optimal image coregistration of the low-coherence non-interferometric data. Its suitability to combine multiresolution data allows generating stereo SAR data by combining two different sensors. Based on model-based decomposition of the PolSAR data, only the odd bounce scattering contributions are used to optimize echo time computation. In this paper, we propose the further development of the method by combining multiresolution data from i) air-/spaceborne SAR and spaceborne/spaceborne SAR with various illumination geometries. The proposed technique is validated using in situ data of real tsunami debris taken on a temporary debris management site in the tsunami affected area near Sendai city, Japan. The estimated height error is in the order of 0.7 m RMSE. The good quality of derived pile heights allows estimating debris volume with an RMSE of 2500 m(3) corresponding to < 10% of the total debris volume. Advantages of the proposed method are fast computation time, and robust height and volume estimation of debris piles without the need for pre-event data or auxiliary information like DEM, topographic maps or GCPs.

  69. Remote Sensing Approach for Mapping and Monitoring Tsunami Debris 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Takumi Fukuoka

    2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS 2019) 4829-4832 2019年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899011  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster, approximately 23 million tons of debris was estimated over wide areas caused by the tsunami damage. Quantitative estimation of tsunami debris is essential from disaster response point of view. In this study, a novel remote sensing method has been developed for directly measuring the amount of debris in the affected areas and for mapping the results. Specifically, two methods are integrated. The first extracts spatial extent of debris areas using optical sensor data (digital aerial photos and satellite images) obtained immediately after tsunami disaster. The second determines the amount of debris on the ground and quantitatively estimates its amount (volume, weight) by integrating analysis that uses the height of the debris obtained by airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR).The analysis was conducted in Onagawa town, Miyagi Prefecture, one of the most severely affected by the 2011 event, including the ground truth data acquisition. The horizontal mapping of tsunami debris in Onagawa town was performed through object-based image analysis of aerial and satellite images. Integration of horizontal mapping of tsunami debris and the analysis of digital surface model (DSM) of LiDAR data yields an estimate of the volume of the debris to be used as the observation of debris removal efforts.

  70. Performance Evaluation of Tsunami Inundation Simulation on SX-Aurora TSUBASA. 査読有り

    Akihiro Musa, Takashi Abe, Takumi Kishitani, Takuya Inoue, Masayuki Sato 0001, Kazuhiko Komatsu, Yoichi Murashima, Shunichi Koshimura, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    Computational Science - ICCS 2019 - 19th International Conference, Faro, Portugal, June 12-14, 2019, Proceedings, Part II 363-376 2019年

    出版者・発行元:Springer

    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22741-8_26  

  71. Dynamic Integrated Model for Disaster Management and Socioeconomic Analysis (DIM2SEA) 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Daniel Felsenstein, Luis Moya, A. YairGrinberger, Rubel Das, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (7) 1257-1271 2018年12月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p1257  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    The DIM2SEA research project aims to increase urban resilience to large-scale disasters. We are engaged in developing a prototype Dynamic Integrated Model for Disaster Management and Socioeconomic Analysis (DIM2SEA) that will give disaster officials, stakeholders, urban engineers and planners an analytic tool for mitigating some of the worst excesses of catastrophic events. This is achieved by harnessing stateof-the-art developments in damage assessment, spatial simulation modeling, and Geographic Information System (GIS). At the heart of DIM2SEA is an agent-based model combined with post-disaster damage assessment and socioeconomic impact models. The large amounts of simulated spatial and temporal data generated by the agent-based models are fused with the socioeconomic profiles of the target population to generate a multidimensional database of inherently "synthetic" big data. Progress in the following areas is reported here: (1) Synthetic population generation from census tract data into agent profiling and spatial allocation, (2) developing scenarios of building damage due to earthquakes and tsunamis, (3) building debris scattering estimation and road network disruption, (4) logistics regarding post-disaster relief distribution, (5) the labor market in post-disaster urban dynamics, and (6) household insurance behavior as a reflection of urban resilience.

  72. New Insights into Multiclass Damage Classification of Tsunami-Induced Building Damage from SAR Images 査読有り

    Yukio Endo, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 10 (12) 2018年12月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs10122059  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    The fine resolution of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images enables the rapid detection of severely damaged areas in the case of natural disasters. Developing an optimal model for detecting damage in multitemporal SAR intensity images has been a focus of research. Recent studies have shown that computing changes over a moving window that clusters neighboring pixels is effective in identifying damaged buildings. Unfortunately, classifying tsunami-induced building damage into detailed damage classes remains a challenge. The purpose of this paper is to present a novel multiclass classification model that considers a high-dimensional feature space derived from several sizes of pixel windows and to provide guidance on how to define a multiclass classification scheme for detecting tsunami-induced damage. The proposed model uses a support vector machine (SVM) to determine the parameters of the discriminant function. The generalization ability of the model was tested on the field survey of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and on a pair of TerraSAR-X images. The results show that the combination of different sizes of pixel windows has better performance for multiclass classification using SAR images. In addition, we discuss the limitations and potential use of multiclass building damage classification based on performance and various classification schemes. Notably, our findings suggest that the detectable classes for tsunami damage appear to differ from the detectable classes for earthquake damage. For earthquake damage, it is well known that a lower damage grade can rarely be distinguished in SAR images. However, such a damage grade is apparently easy to identify from tsunami-induced damage grades in SAR images. Taking this characteristic into consideration, we have successfully defined a detectable three-class classification scheme.

  73. Vulnerability Characteristics of Tsunamis in Indonesia: Analysis of the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics Database 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Abdul Muhari, Syamsidik, Ridwan Yunus, Kwanchai Pakoksung, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura, Ryan Paulik

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (6) 1039-1048 2018年11月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p1039  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Regional disaster data are important for understanding the characteristics of disasters and for identifying potential mitigation measures. However, many countries have no official disaster database that includes information such as numbers of deaths or damaged buildings for each disaster event. The Global Centre for Disaster Statistics (GCDS) was established to assist countries and organizations in the collection of disaster data. At present, a significant amount of tsunami disaster data are available from Indonesia, which will be used to demonstrate its application for analyzing vulnerability characteristics of historical tsunamis. There are 53 data points covering 13 tsunami events between the year 1861 and 2014. Based on data availability, five tsunami events, namely the 1977 Sumba, the 2004 Indian Ocean, the 2006 Java, the 2010 Mentawai, and the 2011 Great East Japan, were selected. Numbers of deaths and damaged buildings were used in combination with hazard data to estimate vulnerability, defined as the ratio between maximum flow depth against death and building damage ratios. Numbers of evacuees were initially used to estimate actual numbers of exposed population but it was later discovered that this parameter overestimated the exposed population in certain cases. As a result, this study presents the vulnerability characteristics of people and buildings in Indonesia, exposed to unusual or extreme tsunamis, mostly in a condition without or with limited access to official warnings. In brief, a maximum flow depth of 5 m caused an approximate 100% death ratio in the majority of Indonesian tsunamis in this study. On the other hand, death ratio in the 2011 Japan tsunami was limited to 10% because of the early warning and high disaster awareness. Effective disaster risk reduction activities such as official warnings, evacuations, and tsunami education were observed for certain locations. Lastly, adding hazard and population data at the village level is recommended for improving the collection of future tsunami disaster data for the GCDS database.

  74. An integrated method to extract collapsed buildings from satellite imagery, hazard distribution and fragility curves 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumio Yamazaki, Wen Liu

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 31 1374-1384 2018年10月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.03.034  

    ISSN:2212-4209

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    Remote sensing satellite imagery plays an important role in estimating collapsed buildings in the aftermath of a large-scale disaster. However, some previous methodologies are restricted to using specific radar sensors. Others methods, such as machine learning algorithms, require training data, which are extremely difficult to obtain immediately after a disaster. This paper proposes a novel method to extract collapsed buildings based on the integration of satellite imagery, the spatial distribution of a demand parameter, fragility functions, and a geospatial building inventory. The proposed method is applicable regardless of the type of radar sensor and does not require any training data. The method was applied to extract buildings that collapsed during the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami. The results showed that the proposed method is effective and consistent with the surveyed building damage data.

  75. Synthetic building damage scenarios using empirical fragility functions: A case study of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumio Yamazaki

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 31 76-84 2018年10月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.04.016  

    ISSN:2212-4209

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    A methodology to create synthetic earthquake-induced building damage states for urban areas in Japan under specific earthquake events is presented in this paper. The methodology is based on empirical fragility curves for Japanese buildings, the building database of the study area and the strong motion magnitude spatial distribution. A stochastic approach was then used to allocate damage states to buildings. The synthetic building damage scenario is intended to be used as a platform for performing computational simulations of evacuation and relief distribution under multiple damage scenarios. The methodology is applied to an area within Mashiki town, Kumamoto Prefecture, which was affected by the Mw 7.0 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. The comparison of the synthetic buildings damage scenario with the surveyed data inventory shows good agreement in terms of the aggregate statistics.

  76. Towards Operational Satellite-Based Damage-Mapping Using U-Net Convolutional Network: A Case Study of 2011 Tohoku Earthquake-Tsunami 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    REMOTE SENSING 10 (10) 2018年10月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs10101626  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    The satellite remote-sensing-based damage-mapping technique has played an indispensable role in rapid disaster response practice, whereas the current disaster response practice remains subject to the low damage assessment accuracy and lag in timeliness, which dramatically reduces the significance and feasibility of extending the present method to practical operational applications. Therefore, a highly efficient and intelligent remote-sensing image-processing framework is urgently required to mitigate these challenges. In this article, a deep learning algorithm for the semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote-sensing images using the U-net convolutional network was proposed to map the damage rapidly. The algorithm was implemented within a Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit framework in the GeoAI platform provided by Microsoft. The study takes the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake-Tsunami as a case study, for which the pre- and post-disaster high-resolution WorldView-2 image is used. The performance of the proposed U-net model is compared with that of deep residual U-net. The comparison highlights the superiority U-net for tsunami damage mapping in this work. Our proposed method achieves the overall accuracy of 70.9% in classifying the damage into washed away, collapsed, and survived at the pixel level. In future disaster scenarios, our proposed model can generate the damage map in approximately 2-15 min when the preprocessed remote-sensing datasets are available. Our proposed damage-mapping framework has significantly improved the application value in operational disaster response practice by substantially reducing the manual operation steps required in the actual disaster response. Besides, the proposed framework is highly flexible to extend to other scenarios and various disaster types, which can accelerate operational disaster response practice.

  77. Real-time tsunami inundation forecast system for tsunami disaster prevention and mitigation 査読有り

    Akihiro Musa, Osamu Watanabe, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Hiroaki Hokari, Takuya Inoue, Yoichi Murashima, Yusaku Ohta, Ryota Hino, Shunichi Koshimura, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 74 (7) 3093-3113 2018年7月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER

    DOI: 10.1007/s11227-018-2363-0  

    ISSN:0920-8542

    eISSN:1573-0484

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    The tsunami disasters that occurred in Indonesia, Chile, and Japan have inflicted serious casualties and damaged social infrastructures. Tsunami forecasting systems are thus urgently required worldwide. We have developed a real-time tsunami inundation forecast system that can complete a tsunami inundation and damage forecast for coastal cities at the level of 10-m grid size in less than 20 min. As the tsunami inundation and damage simulation is a vectorizable memory-intensive program, we incorporate NEC's vector supercomputer SX-ACE. In this paper, we present an overview of our system. In addition, we describe an implementation of the program on SX-ACE and evaluate its performance of SX-ACE in comparison with the cases using an Intel Xeon-based system and the K computer. Then, we clarify that the fulfillment of a real-time tsunami inundation forecast system requires a system with high-performance cores connected to the memory subsystem at a high memory bandwidth such as SX-ACE.

  78. Performance Evaluation of a Real-Time Tsunami Inundation Forecast System on Modern Supercomputers 査読有り

    Akihiro Musa, Takumi Kishitani, Takuya Inoue, Hiroaki Hokari, Masayuki Sato, Kazuhiko Komatsu, Yoichi Murashima, Shunichi Koshimura, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    15th Annual Meeting Asia Oceania Geoscience Society 2018年6月

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p0234  

  79. Port-resolving, tsunami, and tidal simulations to locate "tsunami vortexes" for safe vessel evacuation planning 査読有り

    Satoshi Nakada, Mitsuru Hayashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Ei-ichi Kobayashi

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODELING SIMULATION AND SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING 9 (3) 2018年6月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S179396231840007X  

    ISSN:1793-9623

    eISSN:1793-9615

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    Vortexes induced by tsunamis, "tsunami vortexes", pose a potential danger for ship evacuation, and their prediction is important to determine their role in navigation and safe vessel evacuation. This study simulated tsunami-induced vortexes in Osaka Bay and investigated their spatial and temporal scales using a port-resolved, high-resolution tsunami model based on a scenario for the largest tsunamigenic earthquake expected to occur along the Nankai Trough in the near future. Vortexes induced by tidal currents were also evaluated using a realistic tidal simulation for comparison with the magnitudes of the tsunami vortexes. The tsunami simulation identified the dominant areas of the tsunami vortexes characterized by the magnitude of the vorticity. Unified maps of tsunami speeds and vortexes showed the difficult areas for ship evacuation and indicated that these areas can persist after the approach of the leading wave around the entrances to port areas. The areas of tsunami vortex formation were largely deduced by analyzing the vorticity fields in the tidal simulations, because the magnitude of tsunami-induced vorticities was closely correlated with that of the tide-induced vorticities. The combination of tide and tsunami simulations can identify areas of tsunami vortex formation and provide valuable information to guide measures for safer vessel evacuation.

  80. Role of Real-Time GNSS in Near-Field Tsunami Forecasting 査読有り

    Yusaku Ohta, Takuya Inoue, Shunichi Koshimura, Satoshi Kawamoto, Ryota Hino

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (3) 453-459 2018年6月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p0453  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    This short paper reviews the role of real-time global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in near-field tsunami forecasting. Recent efforts highlight that coseismic fault model estimation based on real-time GNSS has contributed substantially to our understanding of large magnitude earthquakes and their fault expansions. We briefly introduce the history of use of real-time GNSS processing in the rapid estimation of the coseismic finite fault model. Additionally, we discuss our recent trials on the estimation of quasi real-time tsunami inundation based on real-time GNSS data. Obtained results clearly suggest the effectiveness of real-time GNSS for tsunami inundation estimation as the GNSS can capture fault expansion and its slip amount in a relatively accurate manner within a short time period. We also discuss the future prospects of using real-time GNSS data for tsunami warning including effective combination of different methods for more reliable forecasting.

  81. Detection of Coastal Damage using Differences in Automatically Generated Digital Surface Models (DSMs): Application to the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami 査読有り

    Keiko Udo, Yuriko Takeda, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH 85 696-700 2018年5月

    出版者・発行元:COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION

    DOI: 10.2112/SI85-140.1  

    ISSN:0749-0208

    eISSN:1551-5036

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    The detection of coastal damage due to the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami on the southern Sendai Coast was attempted via state-of-the-art remote sensing technology using ALOS PRISM satellite images with a spatial resolution of 2.5 m. Digital surface models (DSMs) were generated semi-automatically, and their accuracies were confirmed via comparisons with digital elevation models generated from aerial laser measurements. The differences between the DSMs prior to and after the tsunami were analyzed statistically for each type of land cover: residential districts, rice fields, coastal forests, and beaches. It was demonstrated that the damage to the coastal forests and residential districts could be detected though the damage in the low land area was difficult to be detected because of its small undulations in topography. Low pass filtering was employed to remove the jitter noise; however, the major characteristics such as damage in the coastal forests and residential areas were not changed by the filtering; that is, the major statistical characteristics could be detected without filtering.

  82. Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data Part 3 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (2) 233-233 2018年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  83. A Real-Time Tsunami Inundation Forecast System Using Vector Supercomputer SX-ACE 査読有り

    Akihiro Musa, Takashi Abe, Takuya Inoue, Hiroaki Hokari, Yoichi Murashima, Yoshiyuki Kido, Susumu Date, Shinji Shimojo, Shunichi Koshimura, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (2) 234-244 2018年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p0234  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Tsunami disasters can cause serious casualties and damage to social infrastructures. An early understanding of disaster states is required in order to advise evacuations and plan rescues and recoveries. We have developed a real-time tsunami inundation forecast system using a vector supercomputer SX-ACE. The system can complete a tsunami inundation and damage estimation for coastal city regions at the resolution of a 10 m grid size in under 20 minutes, and distribute tsunami inundation and infrastructure damage information to local governments in Japan. We also develop a new configuration for the computational domain, which is changed from rectangles to polygons and called a polygonal domain, in order to effectively simulate in the entire coast of Japan. Meanwhile, new supercomputers have been developed, and their peak performances have increased year by year. In 2016, a new Xeon Phi processor called Knights Landing was released for high-performance computing. In this paper, we present an overview of our real-time tsunami inundation forecast system and the polygonal domain, which can decrease the amount of computation in a simulation, and then discuss its performance on a vector supercomputer SX-ACE and a supercomputer system based on Intel Xeon Phi. We also clarify that the real-time tsunami inundation forecast system requires the efficient vector processing of a supercomputer with high-performance cores.

  84. Hybrid System for Generating Data on Human Flow in a Tsunami Disaster 査読有り

    Takehiro Kashiyama, Yoshihide Sekimoto, Masao Kuwahara, Takuma Mitani, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (2) 347-357 2018年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p0347  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Japan has suffered significant damage from countless earthquakes throughout its history. Thus, it is important to take prompt and effective measures against major future earthquakes predicted. Among the components of damage, measures against tsunamis are a top priority, as demonstrated by the catastrophic losses caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE). To date, many studies have been conducted on tsunamis to investigate detection, prediction of flooding, and models of evacuation behaviors. Therefore, this study sought to integrate the results of increasingly advanced research in various fields to construct a system that generates data on human flow during a tsunami disaster. We proceeded with a scenario assuming the Great Nankai Trough Earthquake and considered Kochi City as a case study to conduct a trial tsunami evacuation simulation. We validated and evaluated the evacuation behaviors as a scheme for utilizing knowledge of the ever-changing conditions of evacuation and conducted a visualization and analysis of the simulation results.

  85. Identifying Building Damage Patterns in the 2016 Meinong, Taiwan Earthquake Using Post-Event Dual-Polarimetric ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 Imagery 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 13 (2) 291-302 2018年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p0291  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    The 2016 magnitude 6.4 Meinong earthquake caused catastrophic damage to peoples lives and properties in Taiwan. Synthetic Aperture Radar remote sensing is a useful tool to rapidly grasp the near real-time building damage to areas affected by the earthquake. Previous studies employed X-band single polarized high-resolution synthetic aperture radar imagery to identify building damage. However, suitable X-band single polarized high-resolution synthetic aperture radar imagery is not always accessible. Therefore, this research applied L-band dual-polarimetric ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 data to analyze the radar scattering characteristics of three types of affected buildings in the 2016 Meinong earthquake. The results show that collapsed buildings are characterized by a weak double-bounce scattering due to a reduced dihedral structure, while the characteristics of slightly damaged buildings are similar to those of undamaged buildings. Furthermore, the discrimination ability of a series of polarimetric, texture, and color features derived from the dual-polarimetric SAR data for three types of buildings affected by the earthquake are quantified based on a statistical analysis using the pixels in the combined areas of layover, shadow, and building footprint of each building. The results of the statistical analysis show that the spaceborne dual-polarimetric ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 images have good potential to distinguish between slightly damaged buildings and collapsed and tilted buildings. However, it is still difficult to distinguish between collapsed and tilted buildings. In addition, the results of the statistical analysis show that the mean value and variance value of the Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix of the span image are two suitable features by which the categories of building damage can be distinguished. The polarimetric and color features demonstrated poorer performance in terms of distinguishing between damage categories than the texture features.

  86. Novel Unsupervised Classification of Collapsed Buildings Using Satellite Imagery, Hazard Scenarios and Fragility Functions 査読有り

    Luis Moya, Luis R. Marval Perez, Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumio Yamazaki

    REMOTE SENSING 10 (2) 2018年2月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI

    DOI: 10.3390/rs10020296  

    eISSN:2072-4292

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    Although supervised machine learning classification techniques have been successfully applied to detect collapsed buildings, there is still a major problem that few publications have addressed. The success of supervised machine learning strongly depends on the availability of training samples. Unfortunately, in the aftermath of a large-scale disaster, training samples become available only after several weeks or even months. However, following a disaster, information on the damage situation is one of the most important necessities for rapid search-and-rescue efforts and relief distribution. In this paper, a modification of the supervised machine learning classification technique called logistic regression is presented. Here, the training samples are replaced with probabilistic information, which is calculated from the spatial distribution of the hazard under consideration and one or more fragility functions. Such damage probabilities can be collected almost in real time for specific disasters such as earthquakes and/or tsunamis. We present the application of the proposed method to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami for collapsed building detection. The results show good agreement with a field survey performed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, with an overall accuracy of over 80%. Thus, the proposed method can significantly contribute to a rapid estimation of the number and locations of collapsed buildings.

  87. A Framework of Rapid Regional Tsunami Damage Recognition From Post-event TerraSAR-X Imagery Using Deep Neural Networks

    Yanbing Bai, Chang Gao, Sameer Singh, Magaly Koch, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 15 (1) 43-47 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ({IEEE})

    DOI: 10.1109/LGRS.2017.2772349  

    ISSN:1545-598X

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    IEEE Near real-time building damage mapping is an indispensable prerequisite for governments to make decisions for disaster relief. With high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, such as TerraSAR-X, the provision of such products in a fast and effective way becomes possible. In this letter, a deep learning-based framework for rapid regional tsunami damage recognition using post-event SAR imagery is proposed. To perform such a rapid damage mapping, a series of tile-based image split analysis is employed to generate the data set. Next, a selection algorithm with the SqueezeNet network is developed to swiftly distinguish between built-up (BU) and nonbuilt-up regions. Finally, a recognition algorithm with a modified wide residual network is developed to classify the BU regions into wash away, collapsed, and slightly damaged regions. Experiments performed on the TerraSAR-X data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan show a BU region extraction accuracy of 80.4&amp;#x0025; and a damage-level recognition accuracy of 74.8&amp;#x0025;, respectively. Our framework takes around 2 h to train on a new region, and only several minutes for prediction.

  88. A Framework of Rapid Regional Tsunami Damage Recognition From Post-event TerraSAR-X Imagery Using Deep Neural Networks 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Chang Gao, Sameer Singh, Magaly Koch, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS 15 (1) 43-47 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC

    DOI: 10.1109/LGRS.2017.2772349  

    ISSN:1545-598X

    eISSN:1558-0571

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    Near real-time building damage mapping is an indispensable prerequisite for governments to make decisions for disaster relief. With high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, such as TerraSAR-X, the provision of such products in a fast and effective way becomes possible. In this letter, a deep learning-based framework for rapid regional tsunami damage recognition using post-event SAR imagery is proposed. To perform such a rapid damage mapping, a series of tile-based image split analysis is employed to generate the data set. Next, a selection algorithm with the SqueezeNet network is developed to swiftly distinguish between built-up (BU) and nonbuilt-up regions. Finally, a recognition algorithm with a modified wide residual network is developed to classify the BU regions into wash away, collapsed, and slightly damaged regions. Experiments performed on the TerraSAR-X data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan show a BU region extraction accuracy of 80.4% and a damage-level recognition accuracy of 74.8%, respectively. Our framework takes around 2 h to train on a new region, and only several minutes for prediction.

  89. Tsunami Source Inversion Using Tide Gauge and DART Tsunami Waveforms of the 2017 Mw8.2 Mexico Earthquake 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Yushiro Fujii, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Angel Ruiz-Angulo, Miguel Estrada

    PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 175 (1) 35-48 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER BASEL AG

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-017-1760-2  

    ISSN:0033-4553

    eISSN:1420-9136

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    On September 8, 2017 (UTC), a normal-fault earthquake occurred 87 km off the southeast coast of Mexico. This earthquake generated a tsunami that was recorded at coastal tide gauge and offshore buoy stations. First, we conducted a numerical tsunami simulation using a single-fault model to understand the tsunami characteristics near the rupture area, focusing on the nearby tide gauge stations. Second, the tsunami source of this event was estimated from inversion of tsunami waveforms recorded at six coastal stations and three buoys located in the deep ocean. Using the aftershock distribution within 1 day following the main shock, the fault plane orientation had a northeast dip direction (strike , dip , and rake ). The results of the tsunami waveform inversion revealed that the fault area was 240 km x 90 km in size with most of the largest slip occurring on the middle and deepest segments of the fault. The maximum slip was 6.03 m from a 30 x 30 km(2) segment that was 64.82 km deep at the center of the fault area. The estimated slip distribution showed that the main asperity was at the center of the fault area. The second asperity with an average slip of 5.5 m was found on the northwest-most segments. The estimated slip distribution yielded a seismic moment of Nm (Mw = 8.24), which was calculated assuming an average rigidity of N/m(2).

  90. A coupled level set and PLIC-VOF model for the three-dimensional free surface flow simulation by the lattice Boltzamann method 査読有り

    Kenta Sato, Shunichi Koshimura

    Transactions of the Japan Society for Computational Engineering and Science 2018 (2) 2018年1月1日

    DOI: 10.11421/jsces.2018.20182003  

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    © 2018 The Japan Society For Computational Engineering and Science. Free surface flow problems occur in disaster simulations such as tsunami flow in urban area. In this situation, a non-hydrostatic free surface model is required to perform a tsunami inundation simulation. It is, however, difficult to carry out three-dimensional large-scale tsunami simulations because of the computing of the pressure Poisson equation in the incompressible flows. In current study, we have developed a fully explicit three-dimensional free surface model by the lattice Boltzmann method with the Piecewise Linear Interface Reconstruction approach. In addition, we have used pseudo Level Set function generated by the interface fraction to determine the interface normal vector accurately based on the Simple - Coupled Level Set and Volume of Fluid method. Through the classical dam-breaking problem, we demonstrated that our model has a convergence of model accuracy according to the spacing grid sizes. Besides, our model can calculate the interface shapes seamlessly and settle the artificial oscillations.

  91. Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Tsunami Source Models for Reproducing Tsunami Inundation Features 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Satomi Hayashi, Shunichi Koshimura

    GEOSCIENCES 8 (1) 3-3 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:MDPI AG

    DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8010003  

    ISSN:2076-3263

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    A powerful tsunami triggered by the Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake struck the northern Pacific coast of Japan in 2011, destroying several coastal communities in Iwate Prefecture, Miyagi Prefecture, and Fukushima Prefecture. Here, we investigate a new spatio-temporal slip model (model B) developed by the Cabinet Office of the Government of Japan. This slip model was compared against the non-uniform slip model estimated using tsunami waveform data (model A). We focused our analysis on two areas that were destroyed by the tsunami. The town of Onagawa and the coastal Sendai Plain area were selected because they were located in front of the epicentre, where the most significant slips were registered. Our simulation results revealed that the spatio-temporal slip distribution better replicated the observed data. Regarding the tsunami waveforms from the coastal tide gauge station and offshore stations, the Cabinet Office's slip model showed an approximately 30% better accuracy relative to the non-uniform slip model. Furthermore, by comparing the local inundation features at two locations with unique topographic and coastal morphological characteristics, we also found that model B better replicated the measured inundation depths. Finally, considering that tsunami-induced damage is a direct function of various inundation features such as the flow depth and flow velocity, this new slip model can generate more realistic damage scenarios for future tsunami assessments.

  92. Transportation of sediment and heavy metals resuspended by a giant tsunami based on coupled three-dimensional tsunami, ocean, and particle-tracking simulations

    Satoshi Nakada, Mitsuru Hayashi, Shunichi Koshimura

    Journal of Water and Environment Technology 16 (4) 161-174 2018年1月1日

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.2965/jwet.17-028  

    eISSN:1348-2165

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    © 2018 Japan Society on Water Environment. Giant tsunamis can disturb marine sediments, leading to muddy water in nearshore areas. Marine sediments can be resuspended and transported by tsunamis, as well as by tidal, wind-forced, and density currents in coastal oceans. Marine sediment in coastal oceans around urban areas contains heavy metals and cysts of harmful algae. The resuspension of marine sediments can induce multiple forms of marine pollution, including harmful red tides and heavy metal contamination. This study evaluated heavy metal pollution caused by transport of resuspended sediment with adsorbed zinc in a pilot sea, Osaka Bay, based on a tsunamigenic earthquake scenario along the Nankai Trough, which is predicted to occur within 30 years with approximately 70% probability. Tsunami and three-dimensional ocean simulations were conducted to calculate sediment transport using a particle-tracking simulation based on tsunami-induced sediment resuspension. The simulation results suggest that particles would upwell vertically from the seabed in sediment resuspension areas that would form locally in nearshore regions, and then be transported southward offshore by estuarine circulation. Sediment transported by tidal and wind currents would gradually migrate to the southern offshore region. The remaining sediment carrying zinc in the bay would decrease to less than half of its initial volume over the 20 days following resuspension.

  93. Tsunami source and inundation features around Sendai Coast, Japan, due to the November 22, 2016 M-w 6.9 Fukushima earthquake 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Yushiro Fujii, Shunichi Koshimura

    GEOSCIENCE LETTERS 5 (1) 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER

    DOI: 10.1186/s40562-017-0100-9  

    ISSN:2196-4092

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    The tsunami source of the 2016 Fukushima Earthquake, which was generated by a normal faulting earthquake mechanism, is estimated by inverting the tsunami waveforms that were recorded by seven tide gauge stations and two wave gauge stations along the north Pacific coast of Japan. Two fault models based on different available moment tensor solutions were employed, and their locations were constrained by using the reverse tsunami travel time from the stations to the epicenter. The comparison of the two fault slip models showed that the fault model with a strike = 49 degrees, dip = 35 degrees, and rake = -89 degrees more accurately simulated the observed tsunami data. This fault model estimated a fault area of 40 km x 32 km. The largest slip was estimated as 4.66 m at a 6.09 km depth, larger slips also concentrated between depths of 6.06 and 10.68 km, and located southwest of the epicenter. Assuming a rigidity of 2.7 x 10(10) N/m(2), the estimated moment magnitude was 3.35 x 10(19) Nm (equivalent to M-w = 6.95). In addition, a comparison of nonlinear tsunami simulations using finer bathymetry around Sendai Coast verified that the above fault slip model could better reproduce the tsunami features observed at Sendai Port and its surroundings. Finally, we analyzed the nonlinear tsunami computed from our best fault slip model. Our simulations also corroborated the height of the secondary wave amplitude observed at Sendai Port, which was caused by the reflected tsunami waves from the Fukushima coast, as described in previous studies. Furthermore, we found that the initial positive wave recorded inside Sendai Bay resulted from the addition of the initial incoming wave and the tsunami wave reflected off Sendai Coast, between Natori River and Sendai Port.

  94. DAMAGE MAPPING AFTER THE 2017 PUEBLA EARTHQUAKE IN MEXICO USING HIGH-RESOLUTION ALOS2 PALSAR2 DATA 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Sadra Karimzadeh, Masashi Matsuoka, Magaly Koch

    IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM 2018-July 870-873 2018年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2018.8517933  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    On September 19, 2017, the Mw7.1 Puebla Earthquake caused significant destruction in several cities in central Mexico. In this paper, two pre- and one post-event ALOS2-PALSAR2 data were used to detect the damaged area around Izucar de Matamoros town in Mexico. First, we identify the built-up areas using pre-event data. Second, we evaluate the earthquake-induced damage areas using an RGB color-coded image constructed from the pre- and co-event coherence images. Our analysis showed that the green and red bands display a great potential to discriminate the damaged areas.

  95. Building Damage Assessment in the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake Using Only Post-Event Dual Polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA 33 S185-S195 2017年12月

    出版者・発行元:EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST

    DOI: 10.1193/121516EQS232M  

    ISSN:8755-2930

    eISSN:1944-8201

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    This paper takes the 2015 Nepal earthquake as a case study to explore the use of post-event dual polarimetric synthetic aperture radar images for earthquake damage assessment. The radar scattering characteristics of damaged and undamaged urban areas were compared by using polarimetric features derived from PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-1 images, and the results showed that distinguishing between damaged and undamaged urban areas with a single polarimetric feature is challenging. A split-based image analysis, feature selection, and supervised classification were employed on a PALSAR-2 image. The texture features derived from the intensity of cross-polarization show higher correlations with the damage class. Additionally, feature selection revealed a positive influence on the overall performance. Employing 70% of the data for training and 30% data for testing, the support vector machine classifier achieved an accuracy of 80.5% compared with the reference data generated from the damage map that was provided by the United Nations Operational Satellite Applications Programme.

  96. Machine Learning Based Building Damage Mapping from the ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 SAR Imagery: Case Study of 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 12 (sp) 646-655 2017年6月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0646  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing is a useful tool for mapping earthquake-induced building damage. A series of operational methodologies based on SAR data using either multi-temporal or only post-event SAR images have been developed and used to serve disaster activities. This presents a critical problem: which method is more likely to obtain reliable results and should be adopted for disaster response when both pre- and post-event SAR data are available? To explore this question, this study takes the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake as a case study. ALOS2/PALSAR-2 SAR images were employed with a machine learning framework to quantitatively compare the performance of building damage mapping using only post-event SAR images and mapping using multitemporal SAR images. The results show that an overall accuracy of 64.5% was achieved when only post-event SAR images were used, which is 2.3% higher than the overall accuracy when multi-temporal SAR images were used. The estimated building damage ratio for the former and the latter are 29.7% and 31.1%, respectively, which are both close to the building damage ratio obtained from an optical image.

  97. Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data Part 2 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 12 (2) 225-225 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0225  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  98. Possible Failure Mechanism of Buildings Overturned during the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami in the Town of Onagawa 査読有り

    Panon Latcharote, Anawat Suppasri, Akane Yamashita, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Yoshiro Kai, Fumihiko Imamura

    Frontiers in Built Environment 3 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:Frontiers Media {SA}

    DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2017.00016  

  99. Fusion of real-time disaster simulation and big data assimilation – Recent progress 査読有り

    Koshimura, S

    Journal of Disaster Research 12 (2) 226-232 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0226  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  100. Verification of a Method for Estimating Building Damage in Extensive Tsunami Affected Areas Using L-Band SAR Data 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura, Kimiro Meguro

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 12 (2) 251-258 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0251  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Remote sensing technology is effective for identifying the Remote sensing technology is effective for identifying the extensive damage caused by tsunami disasters. Many methods have been developed to detect building damage at the building unit scale. Of these methods, X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has a high resolution and is useful to investigate the detailed conditions on the Earth's surface, although its spatial coverage is relatively small. In contrast, L-band SAR data has a lower resolution, leading to difficulties detecting building damage, although it can cover a broad area. During disasters, it is important to understand the damage across extensive areas in a short time; therefore, it is necessary to develop a method with broad coverage with high accuracy. The primary objective of this study is to develop a method to estimate building damage in tsunami affected areas using L-band SAR (ALOS/PALSAR) data. We developed our method by extending a previously proposed method for X-band SAR (TerraSAR-X) data. This study focused on Sendai City and Watari town in Miyagi Prefecture, where many houses were washed away during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. We verified that the function we developed produced good performance in estimating the number of washed-away buildings, corresponding with ground truth data with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.97. Verification was conducted in another study area, which yielded a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.87.

  101. Text-Data Reduction Method to Grasp the Sequence of a Disaster Situation: Case Study of Web News Analysis of the 2015 Typhoons 17 and 18 査読有り

    Shosuke Sato, Toru Okamoto, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 12 (2) 329-334 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0329  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    This study aims to compress web news, delivered as a big-data source after disasters. In this paper, article clustering, which is a combination of conventional means and an algorithm that selects the representative articles of each cluster, is designed and adopted. Experiments are conducted by evaluators. The proposed algorithm is in accord with the evaluators for 50% of the clustering and for about 30% to 40% of the representative-article selection.

  102. Object-Based Building Damage Assessment Methodology Using Only Post Event ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 Dual Polarimetric SAR Intensity Images 査読有り

    Yanbing Bai, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 12 (2) 259-271 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0259  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Earthquake-induced building damage assessment is an indispensable prerequisite for disaster impact assessment, and the increasing availability of high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery has made it possible to construct damaged building inventories soon after earthquakes strike. However, the shortage of pre-seismic SAR datasets and the lack of available building footprint data pose challenges for rapid building damage assessment. Taking advantage of recent advances in machine learning algorithms, this study proposes an object-based building damage assessment methodology that uses only post-event SAR imagery. A Random Forest machine learning-based object classification, a simplified approach to the extraction of built-up areas, was developed and tested on two ALOS2/PALSAR-2 dual polarimetric SAR images acquired in affected areas soon after the 2015 Nepal earthquake. In addition, a series of texture metrics as well as the random scattering metric and reflection symmetry metric were found to significantly enhance classification accuracy. The feature selection was found to have a positive effect on overall performance. Moreover, the proposed Random Forest framework resulted in overall accuracies of 93% with a kappa coefficient of 0.885 when the object scale of 60 x 60 pixels and 15 features were adopted. A comparative experiment with the k-nearest neighbor framework demonstrated that the Random Forest framework is a significant step toward the achievement of a balanced, two-class classification.

  103. リアルタイム津波浸水・被害予測と災害情報の配信:G空間防災システムとLアラートの連携による減災力強化

    越村 俊一

    情報管理 59 (12) 822-828 2017年

    出版者・発行元:国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

    DOI: 10.1241/johokanri.59.822  

    ISSN:0021-7298

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    <p>最先端のシミュレーション・センシング・ICTを統合し,津波発生直後のきめ細かな津波情報や,迅速な被害情報の推計・把握と配信を通じて被災地を支援し,災害に対するレジリエンス(回復力)の向上とわが国の国土強靱化に資する,世界最先端のG空間防災モデルを確立した。スーパーコンピューターの活用により,沿岸部10mメッシュ分解能でのリアルタイム津波浸水予測(浸水する範囲と深さの予測)を可能とし,その予測とG空間情報の活用による建物被害予測を,地震発生から20分以内を目安に完了させ,実証自治体での災害対応の基盤情報に組み込んだ他,準天頂衛星からのメッセージ送信や災害に強いワイヤレスネットワークを活用し,住民等の利用者に対して確実に情報を配信するシステムを構築した。東北地方の津波被災地,南海トラフ巨大地震による被害が想定される自治体において本システムの実証実験を行い,システムの活用性を高めることができた。</p>

  104. PLIC-VOF法を用いた格子ボルツマン法の津波数値解析に向けた基礎検証

    佐藤 兼太, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 73 (2) I_7-I_12 2017年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.73.I_7  

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    市街地スケールの大規模3次元津波シミュレーションは,計算負荷・コストの点で依然として課題があり,HPCI環境を活用した事例など限られた環境下でしか実現されていない.陽的な解析手法であることと並列化効率が高いことは,大規模解析においては重要な要件であり,この点で格子ボルツマン法(以下,LBM)が注目されているが,津波数値解析を実行する上で要求される精度を十分に満足できないことが問題となっている.<br> そこで本研究では,LBMによる自由表面流れ解析モデルの高度化に向け,PLIC-VOF法に基づく自由表面流れモデルを開発した.そして,ゲート急開流れなどのベンチマークテストを通じて,本提案手法が従来のLBMの自由表面流れ解析モデルの問題を解決し,高精度な解析が可能であることを示した.

  105. Advances of Tsunami Inundation Forecasting and its Future Perspectives 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Ryota Hino, Yusaku Ohta, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Yoichi Murashima, Akihiro Musa

    OCEANS 2017 - ABERDEEN 2017- 1-4 2017年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2017.8084753  

    ISSN:0197-7385

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    Bringing together state-of-the-art high-performance computing, remote sensing and spatial information sciences, we established a real-time tsunami inundation forecasting, damage estimation and mapping system to enhance disaster response. Using Tohoku University's vector supercomputer SX-ACE, we accomplished '10-10-10 challenge', to complete tsunami source determination in 10 minutes, tsunami inundation modeling and mapping impacts in 10 minutes with 10 m grid resolution. Given the maximum flow depth distribution, we perform quantitative estimation of exposed population using census data, and the numbers of damaged structures by applying tsunami fragility curves. After the potential tsunami-affected areas and structural damage are estimated, the analysis gets focused and moves on to the verification phase using remote sensing. A semi-automated method to detect building damage in the tsunami-affected areas is developed using high-resolution SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data so that the simulated results are verified and obtain a feedback to improve the accuracy of tsunami inundation forecasting.

  106. Development of a Rainfall Runoff and Flood Inundation Model for Jakarta, Indonesia, and Its Sensitivity Analysis of Datasets to Flood Inundation 査読有り

    I. R. Moe, S. Kure, N. F. Januriyadi, S. Kazama, K. Udo, S. Koshimura

    WORLD ENVIRONMENTAL AND WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS 2017: WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE, AND WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT 104-116 2017年

    出版者・発行元:AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS

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    Floods are one of the major natural disasters in Indonesia. Jakarta experienced several floods almost every year such as 2002, 2007, 2013, 2014, and 2015. In this study, a physically based rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model was developed in order to understand the flood inundation mechanism in Jakarta. A sensitivity analysis of the model was conducted using different model datasets. As the result of analysis, it was found that there are no significant differences between simulation results using 90 m and 5 m DEM resolutions because these finer DEMs were obtained from satellite images and show no big differences in accuracy. We concluded that the radar rainfall and land use/cover conditions are playing important roles in the model in order to reproduce flood inundation situation precisely in Jakarta.

  107. Towards a damage assessment in a tsunami affected area using L-band and X-band SAR data 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura, Kimiro Meguro

    2017 JOINT URBAN REMOTE SENSING EVENT (JURSE) 2017年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    ISSN:2334-0932

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    Remote sensing technology is useful for comprehending extensive damage caused by a tsunami disaster. In recent years, methods for detecting building damage due to tsunami disaster have been developed and the accuracies have been improved. X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides high-resolution spatial resolution which is sufficient for identifying building damage at a building unit scale. However, X-band SAR data has a disadvantage in the acquisition coverage which is smaller than that of L-band SAR data. On the other hand, to comprehend the damage of extensive tsunami affected areas, L-band SAR data which has lower spatial resolution is more effective than using X-band SAR data. To lead to an efficient emergency response or reconctuction activities after the disaster, these advantages and disadvantages are necessary to be clarifiled from the point of view of disaster management, and the appropriate method for applying the developed technologies in an efficient manner should be discussed. The primary objective of this study is to propose a rapid method to comprehend building damage by using L-band and X-band SAR data.

  108. Optimization of a tsunami inundation model with the polygonally nested grid system and MPI parallelization 査読有り

    Takuya Inoue, Takashi Abe, Shunichi Koshimura, Akihiro Musa, Yoichi Murashima, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    Proceedings of International Tsunami Symposium 2017 2017年

    DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2017.8084753  

  109. Rapid Tsunami Inundation and Damage Estimation System with High-performance Computing and Networking 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Yoichi Murashima, Akihiro Musa, Ryota Hino, Yusaku Ohta, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Masahiro Kachi, Yoshihiro Sato

    Proceedings of International Tsunami Symposium 2017 2017年

  110. 多角形領域接続・MPI並列津波解析モデルの複数解像度における全国津波解析への適用性検討

    井上拓也, 阿部孝志, 越村俊一, 撫佐昭裕, 村嶋陽一, 小林広明

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 73 (2) I_319‐I_324(J‐STAGE)-I_324 2017年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.73.I_319  

    ISSN:1883-8944

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    高性能計算による地震発生後のリアルタイム津波浸水・被害予測の実現に向けて,2次元非線形長波理論による津波解析を空間解像度270 m, 90 m, 30 mで実施し,計算精度と計算コストを検証した.解析モデルとして,解析領域及びネスティングの形状を従来の矩形から多角形に拡張し,高精度解析の対象地域を津波の遡上しうる沿岸域に限定した効率的な多角形領域接続・MPI並列モデルを構築・最適化した.これにより約14 %の計算効率化を達成すると共に,多角形領域の自動設定手法を提案した.東北大学のスーパーコンピュータを用いた神奈川県から鹿児島県にかけての広域津波解析により,30 m格子全国リアルタイム津波浸水予測には140 Tflop/s程度の計算機が必要であることを明らかにした.

  111. Tsunami Evacuation in the Pacific and Caribbean Coast of Colombia 査読有り

    Mas, E, Adriano, B, Sanchez, R, Murao, O, Koshimura, S

    Proceeding of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering No.2743-No.2743 2017年1月

  112. Evaluation of Urban Flood in Jakarta by Numerical Simulations

    I.R. Moe, S. Kure, N. F. Januriyadi, M. Farid, K. Udo, S. Kazama, S. Koshimura

    土木学会東北支部技術研究発表会 54 Ⅱ-19 2017年

  113. Future projection of flood inundation considering land-use changes and land subsidence in Jakarta, Indonesia 査読有り

    Idham Riyando Moe, Shuichi Kure, Nurul Fajar Januriyadi, Mohammad Farid, Keiko Udo, So Kazama, Shunichi Koshimura

    HYDROLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 11 (2) 99-105 2017年

    出版者・発行元:JSHWR, JAGH, JAHS, JSPH

    DOI: 10.3178/hrl.11.99  

    ISSN:1882-3416

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    Jakarta is facing several issues related to flooding, including land subsidence in the coastal area and rapid land-use/cover changes in the upstream area. In this study, we analyzed the effects of future changes in land use and land subsidence using a rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model. The future land-use scenarios were projected based on the SLEUTH model, and land subsidence was projected based on an extrapolation of the current state in Jakarta.Based on this analysis, land-use changes and land subsidence contributed to an increase in flood inundation volume of 36.8% from 2013 to 2050. Moreover, the effects of land-use changes on flood inundation in Jakarta were much greater than those of land subsidence. The government's current target to stop land subsidence by 2020 would cause a 7.7% decrease in the flood inundation volume by 2050. Furthermore, controlling and regulating land-use/cover changes by 2020 would cause a 10.9% decrease in the flood inundation volume by 2050. From these results, we conclude that a flood mitigation plan should be made not only for land subsidence, but also for land-use changes.

  114. Recent developments of GPS tsunami meter for a far offshore observations 査読有り

    Yukihiro Terada, Teruyuki Kato, Toshihiko Nagai, Shunichi Koshimura, Naruyuki Imada, Hiromu Sakaue, Keiichi Tadokoro

    International Association of Geodesy Symposia 145 145-153 2017年

    出版者・発行元:Springer Verlag

    DOI: 10.1007/1345_2015_151  

    ISSN:0939-9585

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    A new tsunami observation system using GPS buoys has been developed, which employs the RTK-GPS technique to detect and monitor tsunamis in real-time before they reach the coast. A series of experimental GPS buoys succeeded in detecting three tsunamis with amplitudes of about 10 cm. Following this success, since 2007, the Japanese government has established GPS buoy systems for monitoring sea waves at 19 sites around the Japanese coast. These systems succeeded to detect 11thMarch 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake tsunami. Through these experiences, we recognized two problems that need to be solved in order to deploy buoys at farther distances from the coast: one is that positioning accuracy decreases as the distance increases and the data transmission by radio becomes difficult for a long distance. In order to overcome these difficulties, first, a new algorithm of PPP-AR for realtime application was employed. The test analysis showed that the positioning accuracy may attain a few centimeters even if the reference GPS network that generates precise orbits and clocks is farther than 1,000 km. Then, a satellite communication system was experimentally used to send data in both directions between the land base and buoy. The data that was obtained on the buoy was transmitted to the land base and was shown on a webpage in realtime, successfully. This kind of system may have further applications of earth science for example, we are trying to implement GPS/acoustic apparatus for continuous monitoring of ocean floor crustal deformations.

  115. Tsunami simulation generated by the greatest scenario earthquake along the Nankai Trough under consideration of tidal currents in a large bay 査読有り

    Mitsuru HAYASHI, Satoshi NAKADA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Shota YONEDA, Eiichi KOBAYASHI

    International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering 4 (26) 392-400 2016年12月

  116. Tsunami-Tide Simulation in a Large Bay Based on the Greatest Earthquake Scenario Along the Nankai Trough 査読有り

    Satoshi Nakada, Mitsuru Hayashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Syouta Yoneda, Ei-ichi Kobayashi

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING 26 (4) 392-400 2016年12月

    出版者・発行元:INT SOC OFFSHORE POLAR ENGINEERS

    DOI: 10.17736/ijope.2016.jc652  

    ISSN:1053-5381

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    This study investigated influences of tides on a giant tsunami generated by the greatest earthquake scenario along the Nankai Trough occurring in the near future by conducting a tsunami-tide simulation in Osaka Bay as a pilot shallow ocean. Our results demonstrated that the tsunami-tide interaction is significant in the strong flood and ebb tide due to tidal advection. The speed of the tsunami is enhanced (decreased) by advection of the flood (ebb) tide, leading to the early (late) approach of tsunami waves to coasts. More realistic tsunami-tide coupled simulation is essential to establish more effective hazard maps and evacuation scenarios.

  117. Understanding the Extreme Tsunami Inundation in Onagawa Town by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, Its Effects in Urban Structures and Coastal Facilities 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Satomi Hayashi, Hideomi Gokon, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 58 (4) 1640013-1640013 2016年12月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563416400131  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

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    The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami is considered to be one of the most tragic events in Japan's disaster history, and represents an important milestone for the research community regarding the investigation of the characteristics of tsunami inundation. A thorough analysis of tsunami inundation was conducted using numerical modeling, and measurements from a video recorded from the rooftop of a building in Onagawa in Miyagi Prefecture. In this study, we analyze the destruction of buildings using numerical simulations and tsunami fragility functions. Numerical results for the locations at which the tsunami eyewitness video was recorded are compared with measurements. In addition, we considered the effect of the breakwater in Onagawa bay to evaluate its contribution to reducing overland tsunami inundation depths. The results of our simulations show that the maximum inundation depth due to the first incoming wave was over 16 m, and over 500 buildings were washed away with this first wave. This result is consistent with the video data. Further, we found that the breakwater, which was not originally designed against tsunami waves, reduced the maximum tsunami inundation depth at least by 2.0 m in Onagawa town.

  118. GNSSによるリアルタイム断層推定情報の津波解析への適用手法の検討 査読有り

    井上拓也, 太田雄策, 越村俊一, 日野亮太, 川元智司, 檜山洋平, 道家友紀

    海岸工学論文集 72 (2) 355-360 2016年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.72.I_355  

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    GEONETの地殻変動データに基づく即時推定断層モデル(以下,GNSSモデル)の津波波源モデルとしての適用性を,2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の痕跡値との比較により検証した.GNSSモデルは太平洋沿岸の広域にわたる沿岸津波高を概ね再現しうるが,三陸沿岸で観測された非常に高い津波の再現性に課題が残ると分かった.津波浸水規模に関しては,平野部として石巻湾に面した市街地を対象とする場合,GNSSモデルが一定程度の再現性を持つと分かった.また,南海トラフのように走向・傾斜の構造が複雑なプレート境界において,巨大地震による初期水位変動の推定に有用だと考えられるすべり分布モデルを,1,200程度の矩形要素で近似的に表現することで複雑な初期水位変動を即時解析する手法を提案した.

  119. 緊急地震速報を用いた二段階多数津波シナリオ解析による最悪シナリオ即時推定 査読有り

    古屋敬士, 越村俊一, 日野亮太, 太田雄策, 井上拓也

    土木学会論文集B2 (海岸工学) 72 (2) 307-312 2016年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.72.I_307  

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    今日の地震・津波観測網の充実や計算機演算性能の向上により,実際に起きた津波に対して,沿岸部到達前に浸水被害予測を行うリアルタイム津波シミュレーションが達成されている.一方,即時的に推定された断層パラメータによる津波予測には,津波波源モデルの不確実性が十分に考慮されず,予測以上の津波被害が生じる恐れがある.それを防ぐには,即時的に得られた地震情報から起こりうる最悪の津波シナリオを瞬時に予測する必要がある.本研究では地震発生直後に得られる緊急地震速報から,最悪の津波シナリオを即時推定する二段階多数津波シナリオ解析手法を構築し,その精度検証を行った.その結果,本研究で提案した手法により,緊急地震速報発表から3分程度以内で,起こりうる観測点最大津波高を平均97%の精度で推定可能であることが分かった.

  120. A proposed methodology for deriving tsunami fragility functions for buildings using optimum intensity measures 査読有り

    Joshua Macabuag, Tiziana Rossetto, Ioanna Ioannou, Anawat Suppasri, Daisuke Sugawara, Bruno Adriano, Fumihiko Imamura, Ian Eames, Shunichi Koshimura

    NATURAL HAZARDS 84 (2) 1257-1285 2016年11月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER

    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-016-2485-8  

    ISSN:0921-030X

    eISSN:1573-0840

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    Tsunami fragility curves are statistical models which form a key component of tsunami risk models, as they provide a probabilistic link between a tsunami intensity measure (TIM) and building damage. Existing studies apply different TIMs (e.g. depth, velocity, force etc.) with conflicting recommendations of which to use. This paper presents a rigorous methodology using advanced statistical methods for the selection of the optimal TIM for fragility function derivation for any given dataset. This methodology is demonstrated using a unique, detailed, disaggregated damage dataset from the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami (total 67,125 buildings), identifying the optimum TIM for describing observed damage for the case study locations. This paper first presents the proposed methodology, which is broken into three steps: (1) exploratory analysis, (2) statistical model selection and trend analysis and (3) comparison and selection of TIMs. The case study dataset is then presented, and the methodology is then applied to this dataset. In Step 1, exploratory analysis on the case study dataset suggests that fragility curves should be constructed for the sub-categories of engineered (RC and steel) and non-engineered (wood and masonry) construction materials. It is shown that the exclusion of buildings of unknown construction material (common practice in existing studies) may introduce bias in the results; hence, these buildings are estimated as engineered or non-engineered through use of multiple imputation (MI) techniques. In Step 2, a sensitivity analysis of several statistical methods for fragility curve derivation is conducted in order to select multiple statistical models with which to conduct further exploratory analysis and the TIM comparison (to draw conclusions which are non-model-specific). Methods of data aggregation and ordinary least squares parameter estimation (both used in existing studies) are rejected as they are quantitatively shown to reduce fragility curve accuracy and increase uncertainty. Partially ordered probit models and generalised additive models (GAMs) are selected for the TIM comparison of Step 3. In Step 3, fragility curves are then constructed for a number of TIMs, obtained from numerical simulation of the tsunami inundation of the 2011 GEJE. These fragility curves are compared using K-fold cross-validation (KFCV), and it is found that for the case study dataset a force-based measure that considers different flow regimes (indicated by Froude number) proves the most efficient TIM. It is recommended that the methodology proposed in this paper be applied for defining future fragility functions based on optimum TIMs. With the introduction of several concepts novel to the field of fragility assessment (MI, GAMs, KFCV for model optimisation and comparison), this study has significant implications for the future generation of empirical and analytical fragility functions.

  121. Port resolving,tsunami and tide simulation to find "tsunami vortexes" for safe vessel evacuation 査読有り

    Satoshi NAKADA, Mitsuru HAYASHI, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Ei-ichi KOBAYASHI

    The 35th JSSTAnnual Conference International Conference on Simulation Technology Downloaded PDF-File 2016年10月

  122. Disaster debris estimation using high-resolution polarimetric stereo-SAR 査読有り

    Christian N. Koyama, Hideomi Gokon, Masaru Jimbo, Shunichi Koshimura, Motoyuki Sato

    ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING 120 84-98 2016年10月

    出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER

    DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.08.003  

    ISSN:0924-2716

    eISSN:1872-8235

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    This paper addresses the problem of debris estimation which is one of the most important initial challenges in the wake of a disaster like the Great East japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Reasonable estimates of the debris have to be made available to decision makers as quickly as possible. Current approaches to obtain this information are far from being optimal as they usually rely on manual interpretation of optical imagery. We have developed a novel approach for the estimation of tsunami debris pile heights and volumes for improved emergency response. The method is based on a stereo-synthetic aperture radar (stereo-SAR) approach for very high-resolution polarimetric SAR. An advanced gradient-based optical flow estimation technique is applied for optimal image coregistration of the low-coherence non-interferometric data resulting from the illumination from opposite directions and in different polarizations. By applying model based decomposition of the coherency matrix, only the odd bounce scattering contributions are used to optimize echo time computation. The method exclusively considers the relative height differences from the top of the piles to their base to achieve a very fine resolution in height estimation. To define the base, a reference point on non-debris-covered ground surface is located adjacent to the debris pile targets by exploiting the polarimetric scattering information. The proposed technique is validated using in situ data of real tsunami debris taken on a temporary debris management site in the tsunami affected area near Sendai city, Japan. The estimated height error is smaller than 0.6 m RMSE. The good quality of derived pile heights allows for a voxel-based estimation of debris volumes with a RMSE of 1099 m(3). Advantages of the proposed method are fast computation time, and robust height and volume estimation of debris piles without the need for pre-event data or auxiliary information like DEM, topographic maps or GCPs. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).

  123. Special Issue on Disaster and Big Data 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 11 (2) 163-163 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0163  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  124. Evaluation of Flood Inundation in Jakarta Using Flood Inundation Model Calibrated by Radar Rainfall 査読有り

    I. Moe, S. Kure, M. Farid, K. Udo, S. Kazama, S. Koshimura

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 72 (4) I_1243-I_1248 2016年3月

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejhe.72.I_1243  

  125. Establishing the Advanced Disaster Reduction Management System by Fusion of Real-Time Disaster Simulation and Big Data Assimilation 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 11 (2) 164-174 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0164  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    A project titled "Establishing the advanced disaster reduction management system by fusion of real-time disaster simulation and big data assimilation," was launched as Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). Intended to save as many lives as possible in future national crises involving earthquake and tsunami disasters, the project works on a disaster mitigation system of the big data era, based on cooperation of large-scale, high-resolution, real-time numerical simulations and assimilation of real-time observation data. The world's most advanced specialists in disaster simulation, disaster management, mathematical science, and information science work together to create the world's first analysis platform for real-time simulation and big data that effectively processes, analyzes, and assimilates data obtained through various observations. Based on quantitative data, the platform designs proactive measures and supports disaster operations immediately after disaster occurrence. The project was launched in 2014 and is working on the following issues at present.Sophistication and fusion of simulations and damage prediction models using observational big data: Development of a real-time simulation core system that predicts the time evolution of disaster effect by assimilating of location information, fire information, and building collapse information which are obtained from mobile terminals, satellite images, aerial images, and other new observation data in addition to sensing data obtained by the undersea high-density seismic observation network.Latent structure analysis and major disaster scenario creation based on a huge amount of simulation results: Development of an analysis and extraction method for the latent structure of a huge amount of disaster scenarios generated by simulation, and creation of severe scenarios with minimum "unexpectedness" by controlling disaster scenario explosion (an explosive increase in the number of predicted scenarios).Establishment of an earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation big data analysis platform: Development of an earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation big data analysis platform that realizes analyses of a huge number of disaster scenarios and increases in speed of data assimilation, and clarifies the requirements for operation of the platform as a disaster mitigation system.The project was launched in 2014 as a 5-year project. It consists of element technology development and system fusion, feasibility study as a next-generation disaster mitigation system (validation with/without introduction of the developed real-time simulation and big data analysis platform) in the affected areas of the Great East Japan Earthquake, and test operations in affected areas of the Tokyo metropolitan earthquake and the Nankai Trough earthquake.

  126. Grasp of disaster situation and support need inside affected area with social sensing – An analysis of twitter data before and after the 2011 great east Japan earthquake disaster occurring 査読有り

    Sato, S, Hanaoka, K, Okumura, M, Koshimura, S

    Journal of Disaster Research 11 (2) 198-206 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0198  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

  127. Object-Based Method for Estimating Tsunami-Induced Damage Using TerraSAR-X Data 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura, Masashi Matsuoka

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 11 (2) 225-235 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0225  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    The object-based method we developed to estimate building damage uses high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (TerraSAR-X) data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. The damage function we developed involves the relationship between changes in the sigma nought values of pre- and postevent TerraSAR-X data and the damage ratio of washed-away buildings. We confirmed that the function performed as expected by estimating the number of washed-away buildings in homogeneous areas, agreeing well with ground truth data verified by a Pearson fs correlation coefficient of 0.99. The same damage function applied at another test site yielded a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.98. These results are sufficient to ensure transferability. We then simplified and semiautomated these processes in an ArcGIS environment, estimating building damage in the city of Sendai within 26 minutes.

  128. 外力項に着目した格子ボルツマン法による津波数値計算の高精度化に関する研究

    佐藤 兼太, ADRIANO Bruno, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集B3(海洋開発) 72 (2) I_145-I_150 2016年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejoe.72.I_145  

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    浅水長波理論に基づく格子ボルツマン法は,その外力項である地形勾配の影響が正確に計算されないことが既往の研究から明らかになっている.これに対して,地形勾配の取り扱いを修正した新しい格子ボルツマン方程式が提案されているものの,依然として地形勾配が緩やかな流れ場の検証にとどまっており,実地形における津波数値解析への適用性は明らかとはなっていない.そこで本研究では,格子ボルツマン法の実地形における津波数値計算の適用性の向上に向け,格子ボルツマン方程式の外力項に着目した高精度化について検証を行った.本研究の手法を用いて2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の再現計算を行ったところ,本研究の手法は,従来の格子ボルツマン方程式と比較し,有限差分法の計算結果をよく再現することが可能であることを明らかにした.

  129. 多緩和時間モデルを用いた格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流れ解析の高精度化

    佐藤 兼太, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 72 (2) I_253-I_258 2016年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.72.I_253  

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    格子ボルツマン法の衝突演算子として広く用いられている格子BGKモデルは,プラントル数が一定値に固定されるという欠点から,自由表面流れの高精度解析が困難であることが明らかとなってきている.この問題に対して本研究では,格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流れ解析の高精度化に向け,多緩和時間モデルによる自由表面流れ解析手法を開発した.本研究の手法を用いて静水状態を保つシミュレーション行ったところ,本研究の手法は,格子BGKモデルに対して壁面境界条件の計算精度が向上し,水面を水平に保つことに成功した.また,ダムブレーク問題の再現計算を通じて,本研究の手法は流体の密度分布が滑らかとなり,自然な流体の挙動を,高精度に再現することが可能であることを明らかにした.

  130. Revisiting the 2001 Peruvian earthquake and Tsunami impact along camana beach and the coastline using numerical modeling and satellite imaging

    Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Yushiro Fujii, Hideaki Yanagisawa, Miguel Estrada

    Coastal Research Library 14 1-16 2016年

    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28528-3_1  

    ISSN:2211-0577

    eISSN:2211-0585

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    On June 23, 2001, a moment magnitude Mw 8.4 earthquake occurred off the southern coast of Peru causing substantial damage to urban and agricultural areas. The tsunami generated by this earthquake reached up to 7 m run-up height and extended over 1.3 km inundation. This paper aims to revisit the impact of the 2001 Peruvian tsunami on the coastal area and its morphology along Camana city. The tsunami source is reconstructed through inversion of tsunami waveform records observed at several tide gauge stations and the impact is analyzed using the numerical result and moderate-resolution satellite images to calculate the inundation features in the coast. Finally we propose the tsunami source model suitable for further analysis of this event through tsunami numerical simulations. In addition, environmental changes, in particular the impact to vegetation areas, were evaluated using satellite imagery. An important reduction of agricultural areas due to tsunami impact and soil salinization was confirmed.

  131. 2016S-GS4-6 伊勢湾における津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する検討

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一, 世良 亘, 米田 将太

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 22 (0) 355-356 2016年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.14856/conf.22.0_355  

  132. 南海トラフ地震の影響を受けるRCラーメン高架橋の強震動および津波による損傷確率の比較 査読有り

    名波健吾, 磯辺弘司, 秋山充良, 越村俊一

    コンクリート工学年次論文集 38 (2) 877-882 2016年

  133. 多角形領域接続・MPI並列による広域津波解析の効率化

    井上拓也, 阿部孝志, 越村俊一, 撫佐昭裕, 村嶋陽一, 小林広明

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 72 (2) I_373‐I_378(J‐STAGE)-I_378 2016年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.72.I_373  

    ISSN:1883-8944

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    HPCIによるリアルタイム津波浸水・被害予測の実現において,2次元非線形長波理論による津波コードを用いて全国沿岸を対象とした10m格子高精度津波浸水予測を10分以内に実行するためには,2 Pflop/s程度の計算機が必要であることを明らかにした.この計算量を大幅に削減するため,解析領域及びネスティングの形状を従来の矩形から多角形に拡張し,高精度解析の対象とする地域を津波の遡上しうる沿岸域に限定することで,広域津波解析に適した効率的な解析手法を構築した.また,既存モデルに対する精度検証を行った.津波予報区レベルの広域津波解析を実施した結果,従来の3倍以上の効率化が達成でき,全国一律の即時津波浸水予測の実現可能性を示した.

  134. TerraSAR-X画像の建物一棟ベース・解析区画ベース解析の融合による津波被災地の建物流失被害の把握 査読有り

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志

    日本地震工学会論文集 16 (3) 3_147-3_156 2016年

    出版者・発行元:JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

    DOI: 10.5610/jaee.16.3_147  

    ISSN:1884-6246

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    本研究では、2011年の東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の被災地において、津波被災前後の高分解能合成開口レーダ(TerraSAR-X)画像を使用し、建物一棟毎と解析区画の2スケールの変化を利用した新しい建物被害把握手法を開発した。両手法の融合には、機械学習のDecision tree法(C4.5)を適用した。構築した建物被害分類手法の検証を宮城県仙台市において実施したところ、総合精度91.0%、カッパ係数0.82が得られ、その有効性を確認することができた。

  135. DSMの半自動作成による2011年津波時の沿岸被害把握の試み 査読有り

    有働恵子, 武田百合子, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 72 (2) 1747-1752 2016年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.72.I_1747  

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    現時点におけるDSM作成の最先端技術を用いた沿岸域被害把握の可能性を探るため,2011年の東北地方沖地震津波により甚大な被害を受けた仙台湾南部海岸を対象に,リモートセンシングソフトウェアERDAS IMAGINEによって半自動作成したDSMと,航空レーザー測量により作成された数値標高モデルDEMを比較することにより,作成したDSMの精度を検証するとともに,被災前後の被害推定の妥当性を確認した.半自動作成したDSMの妥当性は,同時期に取得されたDEMとの残差と土地被覆状況を比較することにより確認した.被災前後のDSMの残差特性から,地表物の少ない低平地の被害を把握することは困難であったものの,海岸林領域や住宅地領域の被害把握は可能であった.また,被災前のDSMに代えてより精度の高いDEMを用いることにより,津波による海岸堤防周辺の被害把握が可能であった.

  136. EFFECT OF LAND SUBSIDENCE ON FLOOD INUNDATION IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA 査読有り

    Idham Riyando MOE, Shuichi KURE, Nurul Fajar JANURIYADI, Mohammad FARID, Keiko UDO, So KAZAMA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    土木学会論文集G(環境) 72 (5) 283-289 2016年

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejer.72.I_283  

  137. Salinization by Tsunami in a semi-enclosed bay: Tsunami-Ocean 3D simulation based on the great earthquake scenario along the Nankai Trough 査読有り

    Satoshi NAKADA, Mitsuru HAYASHI, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Yuki TANIGUCHI, Ei-ichi KOBAYASHI

    Journal of Advanced Simulation Science Engineering 3 (2) 206-214 2016年

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.15748/jasse.3.206  

    ISSN:2188-5303

  138. Simulation of heavy metal transport induced by a giant tsunami based on nankai-trough earthquake: Application to Osaka Bay 査読有り

    Nakada, S, Suzuki, S, Hayashi, M, Koshimura, S, Kobayashi, E.-I

    Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference 2016-January 783-790 2016年

  139. Recent Advances in Agent-Based Tsunami Evacuation Simulations: Case Studies in Indonesia, Thailand, Japan and Peru 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Anawat Suppasri, Abdul Muhari, Bruno Adriano

    PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 172 (12) 3409-3424 2015年12月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER BASEL AG

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-015-1105-y  

    ISSN:0033-4553

    eISSN:1420-9136

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    As confirmed by the extreme tsunami events over the last decade (the 2004 Indian Ocean, 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan tsunami events), mitigation measures and effective evacuation planning are needed to reduce disaster risks. Modeling tsunami evacuations is an alternative means to analyze evacuation plans and possible scenarios of evacuees' behaviors. In this paper, practical applications of an agent-based tsunami evacuation model are presented to demonstrate the contributions that agent-based modeling has added to tsunami evacuation simulations and tsunami mitigation efforts. A brief review of previous agent-based evacuation models in the literature is given to highlight recent progress in agent-based methods. Finally, challenges are noted for bridging gaps between geoscience and social science within the agent-based approach for modeling tsunami evacuations.

  140. The 1755 Lisbon Tsunami at Vila do Bispo Municipality, Portugal 査読有り

    Angela Santos, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH 10 (6) 1067-1080 2015年12月

    出版者・発行元:FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2015.p1067  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    The numerical model of the 1755 Lisbon Tsunami was conducted at Vila do Bispo municipality. The tsunami source area of this historical event is assumed to be on the Gorringe Bank. Numerical model results of historical data have been validated by a combined analysis of eyewitnesses' accounts, field surveys, geological records and archeological findings (conducted by previous authors). The coastal area has remained a mostly natural landscape since the 18th century, with popular beaches that increase the population potentially exposed to a tsunami, especially one occurring in summer. For these reasons, we use local tsunami hazard assessment as a criterion varying between moderate and critical. Results also show that the 16 low ground areas we surveyed were inundated between 15 and 30 minutes after the earthquake. For this reason, persons should act quickly in future to evacuate areas immediately after an earthquake and to move to higher ground. Results also show that safe, swift evacuation may be difficult in 50% of these areas, endangering special populations such as tourists. Tsunami information boards should therefore be put on beaches and evacuation exercises and drills should be implemented and practiced regularly.

  141. Observations and Modeling of Environmental and Human Damage Caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami 査読有り

    Kazuhisa Goto, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura, Hideaki Yanagisawa

    Extreme Events: Observations, Modeling, and Economics 137-152 2015年11月2日

    出版者・発行元:Wiley Blackwell

    DOI: 10.1002/9781119157052.ch11  

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    This chapter have specifically introduced our studies of local inundation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and show how to quantitatively estimate tsunami damage based on field observations, satellite image analyses, and high-resolution numerical modeling results. We investigated damage to coastal morphology, marine ecosystems, and mangroves at Pakarang Cape, Thailand, and to structures, humans, and mangroves at Banda Aceh city, Indonesia. We produced 17 and 23 m grid digital bathymetric/topographic datasets, respectively for those areas, with grid cell resolutions sufficiently fine for comparison with field observation data. From these datasets, we produced a nested grid system spanning the Indian Ocean to the Pakarang Cape coast and Banda Aceh city and calculated tsunami inundation. Such high-resolution numerical modeling is useful to elucidate processes of (1) local tsunami inundation, (2) damage generation, and (3) quantitative damage associated with tsunami hydrodynamics: flow depth, hydraulic force, and current velocity. We clarified that the occurrence of substantial morphological change, especially the deposition of huge boulders, was dependent upon the initial wave form and coastal profile. This fundamental idea is also applicable to the damage incurred by the coral communities. Fragility functions of mangroves, structures, and tsunami casualties estimated in our studies enable us to express the relation between the damage and hydrodynamic features of the tsunami inundation flow, quantitatively. Such quantitative damage estimation based on lessons from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami is an important step for tsunami-risk assessment for high-risk countries.

  142. 南海トラフ巨大地震津波による大阪湾での巻き上げ・移流輸送シミュレーション

    鈴木 綜人, 林 美鶴, 中田 聡史, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    平成27年度日本船舶海洋工学会秋季講演会論文集 143-146 2015年11月

  143. Response to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami disaster. 国際誌 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Nobuo Shuto

    Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences 373 (2053) 20140373 2015年10月28日

    出版者・発行元:ROYAL SOC

    DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0373  

    ISSN:1364-503X

    eISSN:1471-2962

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    We revisited the lessons of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami disaster specifically on the response and impact, and discussed the paradigm shift of Japan's tsunami disaster management policies and the perspectives for reconstruction. Revisiting the modern histories of Tohoku tsunami disasters and pre-2011 tsunami countermeasures, we clarified how Japan's coastal communities have prepared for tsunamis. The discussion mainly focuses on structural measures such as seawalls and breakwaters and non-structural measures of hazard map and evacuation. The responses to the 2011 event are discussed specifically on the tsunami warning system and efforts to identify the tsunami impacts. The nation-wide post-tsunami survey results shed light on the mechanisms of structural destruction, tsunami loads and structural vulnerability to inform structural rehabilitation measures and land-use planning. Remarkable paradigm shifts in designing coastal protection and disaster mitigation measures were introduced, leading with a new concept of potential tsunami levels: Prevention (Level 1) and Mitigation (Level 2) levels according to the level of 'protection'. The seawall is designed with reference to Level 1 tsunami scenario, while comprehensive disaster management measures should refer to Level 2 tsunami for protection of human lives and reducing potential losses and damage. Throughout the case study in Sendai city, the proposed reconstruction plan was evaluated from the tsunami engineering point of view to discuss how the post 2011 paradigm was implemented in coastal communities for future disaster mitigation. The analysis revealed that Sendai city's multiple protection measures for Level 2 tsunami will contribute to a substantial reduction of the tsunami inundation zone and potential losses, combined with an effective tsunami evacuation plan.

  144. EVACUATION MANEUVER OF PASSENGER SHIP WITH PODDED PROPELLERS DURING A TSUNAMI 査読有り

    小林 英一, 米田 翔太, 川端 拓郎, 世良 亘, 越村 俊一, 橋本 博公

    Proceedings of MARSIM 2015 2015年9月

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    NUMEROUS LARGE-SCALE EARTHQUAKES HAVE OCCURRED ALONG THE NANKAI TROUGH IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN OFF JAPAN. THE ESTIMATED POSSIBILITY OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES THAT CAN ALSO GENERATE TSUNAMIS AT THE TOUKAI, TOUNANKAI, AND NANKAI COASTAL REGIONS IS 70% OVER THE NEXT 30 YEARS. A TSUNAMI HITTING THE BAY AREA RAISES THE SEA LEVEL AND CAUSES STRONG HORIZONTAL FLOWS. MOST SHIPS IN THE BAY AREA

  145. 底泥巻き上げ・粒子追跡シミュレーションから推定した大阪湾沿岸水環境へ及ぼす巨大津波のインパクト

    中田 聡史, 林 美鶴, 鈴木 綜人, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一

    第25回海洋工学シンポジウム講演論文集, OES25-114 530-535 2015年8月

  146. 船舶に対するリアルタイム津波ハザードマップの基礎研究 査読有り

    米田 翔太, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    第 25 回海洋工学シンポジウム 507-512 2015年8月

    出版者・発行元:日本海洋工学会,日本船舶海洋工学会

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    The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake indicated that ship could make more damage a part from the earthquake and Tsunami by drifting in the port. Therefore, ships should evacuate from port as soon as possible. Even though after trying to evacuate, ships were drifted in the port by tsunami’s strong surface flow. In this case, it might be considered to be better to k

  147. A Method for Detecting Buildings Destroyed by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami Using Multitemporal TerraSAR-X Data 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Joachim Post, Enrico Stein, Sandro Martinis, Andre Twele, Matthias Mueck, Christian Geiss, Shunichi Koshimura, Masashi Matsuoka

    IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS 12 (6) 1277-1281 2015年6月

    出版者・発行元:IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC

    DOI: 10.1109/LGRS.2015.2392792  

    ISSN:1545-598X

    eISSN:1558-0571

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    In this letter, a new approach is proposed to classify tsunami-induced building damage into multiple classes using pre- and post-event high-resolution radar (TerraSAR-X) data. Buildings affected by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami were the focus in developing this method. In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, buildings exhibit high backscattering caused by double-bounce reflection and layover. However, if the buildings are completely washed away or structurally destroyed by the tsunami, then this high backscattering might be reduced, and the post-event SAR data will show a lower sigma nought value than the pre-event SAR data. To exploit these relationships, a rapid method for classifying tsunami-induced building damage into multiple classes was developed by analyzing the statistical relationship between the change ratios in areas with high backscattering and in areas with building damage. The method was developed for the affected city of Sendai, Japan, based on the decision tree application of a machine learning algorithm. The results provided an overall accuracy of 67.4% and a kappa statistic of 0.47. To validate its transferability, the method was applied to the town of Watari, and an overall accuracy of 58.7% and a kappa statistic of 0.38 were obtained.

  148. 津波による大阪湾での底質巻き上げ発生条件の推定

    鈴木 綜人, 中田 聡史, 林 美鶴, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一

    平成27年度日本船舶海洋工学会春季講演会論文集 191-194 2015年5月

  149. 津波被害の地域特性に基づく津波被害関数の類型化

    成田 裕也, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 71 (2) I_331-I_336 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.71.I_331  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    津波被害関数は建物被害率と津波の流体力学的諸量との関係を表すものである.これまでに数多くの津波被災地を対象に津波被害関数が構築されてきた.しかし,様々な津波被害の地域特性により,その建物被害の推定範囲は各々の研究対象地域に限定されていると考えられる.本研究では,湾地形の特徴,建物の分布,海岸保全施設,標高・地形勾配という観点で地域特性を定量的に評価し,主成分分析を用いて,19の湾地域を分類するための6つの主成分が得られた.さらに,主成分得点に基づくクラスター分析による類型の結果,湾地域の津波被害関数を6種類に分類することができた.この結果は,これまで津波による被害経験が無い地域における津波被害想定に有用である.

  150. 非圧縮型格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流れ解析の計算安定化

    佐藤 兼太, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 71 (2) I_145-I_150 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.71.I_145  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    3次元流体解析による市街地スケールの大規模津波浸水シミュレーションは,計算負荷・コストの点で依然課題があり,京コンピュータなどのHPCIを活用した事例など,限られた環境でしか実現できていない.陽的な解法であることと並列化効率が高いことは,大規模領域における解析には重要な要件であり,その点で格子ボルツマン法(以下,LBM)が注目されているが,自由表面流れ解析において計算が不安定となりやすいことが報告されている.本研究ではLBMで現れる擬似的な圧縮性に注目し,簡便な非圧縮流体モデルを適用することで計算の安定を図った.本研究で提案した手法により時間刻み幅が大きく,従来のLBMでは計算が不安定となる条件においても安定した解析が可能となった.必要な計算量を従来のLBMと比べ,削減することが可能なモデルを開発した.

  151. 2015A-OS7-6 明石海峡における津波来襲時の海上交通流について

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 21 (0) 203-204 2015年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.14856/conf.21.0_203  

  152. 2015S-GS2-3 大阪湾における新想定津波下での船舶の港外避難について

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 20 (0) 151-152 2015年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.14856/conf.20.0_151  

  153. Developing a building damage function using SAR images and post-event data after the Typhoon Haiyan in The Philippines 査読有り

    Bruno ADRIANO, Erick MAS, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 71 (2) I{\_}1729-I{\_}1734 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.71.i_1729  

  154. Real-time tsunami inundation forecasting and damage estimation method by fusion of real-time crustal deformation monitoring and high-performance computing 査読有り

    S. Koshimura, R. Hino, Y. Ohta, H. Kobayashi, A. Musa, Y. Murashima

    the 26th International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 2015年

  155. NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOODING IN JAKARTA AND EVALUATION OF A COUNTER MEASURE TO MITIGATE FLOOD DAMAGE 査読有り

    Idham Riyando MOE, Shuichi KURE, Keiko UDO, So KAZAMA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    土木学会論文集G(環境) 71 (5) 29-35 2015年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejer.71.I_29  

  156. DEVELOPING A METHOD FOR URBAN DAMAGE MAPPING USING RADAR SIGNATURES OF BUILDING FOOTPRINT IN SAR IMAGERY: A CASE STUDY AFTER THE 2013 SUPER TYPHOON HAIYAN 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Hideomi Gokon, Wen Liu, Masashi Matsuoka

    2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 2015-November 3579-3582 2015年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326595  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In this study, a practical methodology was presented to map damaged buildings using high resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and post-event building damage data from the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan, in Tacloban city, the Philippines. To detect destroyed structures, we focused on the changes in the radar signal within footprints of buildings between pre- and post-event SAR images. The method was tested using a 1.0 m resolution COSMO-SkyMed SAR images taken over Tacloban city, the Philippines. The method proves, with 73% accuracy in this case, to be suitable for estimating destroyed buildings.

  157. Buildings damage due to the 2013 Haiyan Typhoon inferred from SAR intensity images 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    2015 IEEE 5TH ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (APSAR) 667-671 2015年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/APSAR.2015.7306294  

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    In this study, a practical methodology is presented to classify and map damaged buildings, following the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan, using high resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and post-event building damage data from Tacloban city, The Philippines. Considering the relationship of the radar layover extension between damaged and non-damaged structures, the method focuses on the changes in the building radar signature between pre-and post-event SAR scenes. In addition, the method introduces a new change factor for change detection analysis. The method was developed and tested using a 1.0 m resolution COSMO-SkyMed SAR images taken over Tacloban city, the Philippines. The method proves, with 76% accuracy in this case, to be suitable for estimating destroyed buildings.

  158. Field survey report and satellite image interpretation of the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines 査読有り

    Mas, E., Bricker, J., Kure, S., Adriano, B., Yi, C., Suppasri, A., Koshimura, S.

    Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15 (4) 805-816 2015年

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-15-805-2015  

  159. Reconstruction process and social issues after the 1746 earthquake and tsunami in Peru: Past and present challenges after tsunami events 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano, Julio Kuroiwa Horiuchi, Shunichi Koshimura

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 44 97-109 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Springer Netherlands

    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_7  

    ISSN:2213-6959 1878-9897

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    Tsunamis, oceanic wave events that are most often triggered by earthquakes at interplate subduction areas, result in damaged infrastructure, ecological disruption and a substantial number of deaths among coastal communities. In recent years, a key concept in the assessment of tsunami events has been resilience, which can be understood as the ability of a group to anticipate risk, limit negative impacts and recover rapidly from a catastrophic event through processes of survival, adaptability, evolution and growth. The term resilience incorporates a dynamic and durable connotation of constant preparedness, not only for the next tsunami event but also for the ensuing process of reconstruction. The reconstruction of a community devastated by a tsunami poses a multiplicity of challenges, including environmental, social, political, scientific, engineering and architectural challenges. In this paper, we first examine a 1746 tsunami event (Mw9.0) that occurred on the coast of Viceroyalty-era Peru and consider the challenges reported during the subsequent reconstruction of a devastated city and port. We contrast those challenges, reported nearly 250 years ago, with analogous challenges observed in more recent tsunami events. The paper concludes with comments on the lessons learned and suggests areas of future research.

  160. TSUNAMI simulation generated by the greatest earthquake scenario along the nankai trough under consideration of tidal currents in a large bay 査読有り

    Nakada, S, Hayashi, M, Koshimura, S, Yoneda, S, Kobayashi, E.-I

    Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference 2015-January 811-816 2015年

  161. Estimation of the occurrence condition of sediment resuspension in Osaka Bay by Tsunami 査読有り

    Hayashi, M, Suzuki, S, Nakada, S, Koshimura, S, Kobayashi, E.-I

    Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference 2015-January 783-788 2015年

  162. Influence of wave shapes to Tsunami wave force acting on a bridge superstructure 査読有り

    Shijo, R, Aoki, K, Hirose, Y, Suzuki, T, Koshimura, S

    Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference 2015-January (2) 830-837 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_871  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    In the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake, many bridges were washed away by the tsunami, the wave height of which exceeded the conventional assumption. In the future, countermeasure for tsunami disaster will be needed, and the evaluation of tsunami wave force acting on bridges will be very important. In this study, hydraulic model experiments and numerical analyses using VOF method were carried out for a bridge superstructure model to clarify the influence of tsunami wave shapes to tsunami wave force acting on it. As a result, it was confirmed that maximum wave force can be expressed as a function of the wave front slope of tsunami incident wave.

  163. Mathematical modeling for ship evacuation from tsunami attack 査読有り

    Kobayashi, E.-I, Yoneda, S, Murayama, M, Taniguchi, Y, Hashimoto, H, Koshimura, S

    SIMULTECH 2015 - 5th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications, Proceedings 318-325 2015年

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.5220/0005569103180325  

  164. Lessons learned from two villages in the tsunami most affected area of Banda Aceh city; A review of the housing reconstruction and the current state of village development 査読有り

    Muzailin Affan, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Hizir Sofyan, Sylvia Agustina, Nizamuddin, Nur Fadli

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 44 59-72 2015年

    出版者・発行元:Springer Netherlands

    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10202-3_5  

    ISSN:2213-6959 1878-9897

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    This paper discusses two approaches to post-disaster housing reconstruction in Banda Aceh, the Indonesian area that was the most affected by the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004. The two villages discussed in this study are Alue Deah Tengoh and Lambung, both located in Meuraxa sub-district. The village of Alue Deah Tengoh represents the common approach to post-disaster reconstruction within in Aceh with the construction of housing carried out by several external benefactors. It is referred to as the donor driven approach. In contrast, the reconstruction of the village of Lambung was based on its community’s involvement. Contrasting these two approaches, this study analyzes time series satellite images, housing and other reconstruction archives. It also conducted site evaluation and depth interview with their leaders in order to evaluate the conditions of each village prior to tsunami as well as its current state of development. Our aim is to unravel the process of housing reconstruction in these respective locations village. Drawing from this analysis, our results evaluate these two distinct approaches to housing reconstruction in postdisaster Aceh. On the one hand, it reveals that the community- based approach adopted in Lambung enabled the successful use of land consolidation (LC) and the total makeover of village layout and housing plot arrangement. On the other hand, our study reveals that the donor approach in Alue Deah Tengoh resulted in a heterogeneous landscape with several types of houses contributing to social inequality and disparity. Moreover, the reconstruction of Alue Deah Tengoh did not include LC and kept the village old layout with its meandering narrow streets and poor accessibility. These features are bond to hinder the upgrading and maintenance of urban utility services as well as the evacuation process during future disasters. In the light of this study, we thus recommend that community driven approach should be implemented in post-disaster reconstruction programs.

  165. Development and importance of fragility functions in the last decade 招待有り

    Suppasri, A, Charvet, I, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    14th Japan earthquake engineering symposium 2014年12月4日

  166. Mechanism and stability analysis of overturned buildings by the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami in Onagawa town 査読有り

    Latcharote, P, Suppasri, A, Yamashita, A, Adriano, B, Koshimura, S, Kai, Y, Imamura, F

    14th Japan earthquake engineering symposium 2014年12月4日

  167. 新想定津波下での明石海峡における船舶の避難について

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (第19 号) 555-556 2014年12月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋高工学会

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    大阪湾は後背地に工業地帯や商業施設を有しており,<br /> 大型船を含め多数の船舶が航行する海域である.近い将<br /> 来,南海トラフ上で大規模地震の発生が予想されており,<br /> この地震に伴い広い範囲に津波が来襲するとされている.<br /> 津波警報発令時には,船舶は港外避難することとなる.<br /> 先の検討 1)において,大阪湾を航行中の船舶が,津波来<br /> 襲時に想定した避難海域まで安全に避難できるか検討し<br /> たが,大阪湾の航路における潮流は流速・水位変化とも<br /> に比較的穏やかであることから津波流のみを考慮した.<br /> 一方,大阪湾の中でも明石海峡など潮流の流速が早い<br /> 海域がある.そこで本研究では,潮流データを外乱とし<br /> て加え,大阪湾の船舶を対象に津波来襲時に船舶が明石<br /> 海峡を通過し避難海域まで安全に移動できるか動的シミ<br /> ュレーションにより検討した.

  168. Evaluation of Tsunami wave loads acting onwalls of confined-masonry-brick and concrete-block houses 査読有り

    Gaku Shoji, Hirofumi Shimizu, Shunichi Koshimura, Miguel Estrada, Cesar Jimenez

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 976-983 2014年12月1日

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2014.p0976  

    ISSN:1883-8030 1881-2473

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    Damage to confined-masonry-brick or concrete-block house was assessed for being subjected to a tsunami wave load. This study was prompted by recent three tsunamis – one during 2001 on the Near Coast of Peru, one in 2009 in the Samoa Islands, and one in 2010 in Maule, Chile. We analyzed 13 damaged walls from 10 single-storey houses located near the coastline. We focused on evaluating the tsunami wave pressure distribution on house walls. Based on the formula proposed by Asakura et al. (2000) to evaluate tsunami wave pressure distribution on a structural component located on land behind on-shore structures, which is used for designing a tsunami evacuation building, we identify the values of horizontal wave pressure index a in Asakura’s formula for walls and discuss the boundary value of a at which a wall presents structural damage, such as in collapse and cracking failure modes.

  169. Summary report of the SATREPS project on earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation technology in Peru 査読有り

    Fumio Yamazaki, Carlos Zavala, Shoichi Nakai, Shunichi Koshimura, Taiki Saito, Saburoh Midorikawa, Zenon Aguilar, Miguel Estrada, Alberto Bisbal

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 916-924 2014年12月1日

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2014.p0916  

    ISSN:1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    © 2014 Fuji Technology Press. All rights reserved. One of the SATREPS projects on earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation technology in Peru has been promoted since March 2010 for a five-year period. The project focuses on five research fields, i.e., seismic motion and geotechnical, tsunamis, buildings, damage assessment, and disaster mitigation planning. Collaborative research has been carried out through joint experiments, observations, field surveys, computer simulations, seminars and workshops. With the Lima metropolitan area and the city of Tacna set as case study sites, two mega-thrust earthquakes have been simulated and their effects and countermeasures investigated. The simulation results have been validated by observation data and have been implemented in government policy. Young Peruvian engineers and scientists have also received training and education. This paper summarizes the progress and outcomes of the SATREPS project for earthquake and tsunami disaster mitigation in Peru.

  170. 津波来襲時の錨泊船舶の挙動にかかる錨鎖モデルの検討

    米田 翔太, 小林 英一, 世良 亘, 越村 俊一, 白川 裕太

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (第19号) 563-565 2014年11月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

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    2011 年 3 月 11 日には東北宮城沖を震源とした東北地<br /> 方太平洋沖地震により、それに伴う巨大津波によって大<br /> きな被害が出た。<br /> 船舶については東日本大震災では緊急離桟によって船<br /> 舶が津波の被害から逃れることに成功した事例が報告さ<br /> れている。このように、船舶に対しても津波来襲時のマニ<br /> ュアルの作成が重要であると言える。ここで、沖合を航行<br /> 中の船舶に対しては「漂泊」と「錨泊」の二つのシナリオ<br /> が考えられる。<br /> 従来から、強風中の船舶の触れ回りなどの現象を解析<br /> するために、錨及び錨鎖に対するさまざまなモデル化 1,2)<br /> が行われてきた。これらの検討の前提は、風や潮流といっ<br /> た外力の向きに対して、錨から船舶までが一直線に並ん<br /> でいる状態としている。これは、風や潮流といった外力は<br /> その力の方向や大きさの変化が非常に遅いため、錨泊船<br /> 舶の初期状態がどのような

  171. 大阪湾における津波来襲時の船舶の定点停留に関する研究

    小林 英一, 川 端 拓郎, 世良 亘, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 第 19 号 (第19号) 561-562 2014年10月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

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    日本は地震大国である。その中でも大阪湾に被害を及<br /> ぼすと想定される南海東南海地震は、100年から 150年周期で発生するマグニチュード 8級の巨<br /> 大地震である。

  172. The impact of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami disaster and implications to the reconstruction 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Satomi Hayashi, Hideomi Gokon

    SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS 54 (4) 560-572 2014年8月

    出版者・発行元:JAPANESE GEOTECHNICAL SOC

    DOI: 10.1016/j.sandf.2014.06.002  

    ISSN:0038-0806

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    The authors conducted a comprehensive study to identify the impact of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami disaster and to understand the lessons towards the reconstruction of Tohoku to build tsunami-resilient community. First, the authors identified the extent of tsunami inundation zone by field measurement and satellite remote sensing. A specific index for optical satellite images was applied for the extraction of tsunami inland penetration calibrated with the ground truth data (field survey data). Second, an integrated investigation of field measurement and aerial photo and video inspections with spatial information sciences was performed to understand the hydrodynamic aspect of tsunami inland penetration with a form of tsunami flow velocity and hydrodynamic force, and the preliminary results lead to new understandings of structural vulnerability against the 2011 tsunami with a form of tsunami fragility curve and an implication for land use management and relocation planning to reconstruct resilient coastal communities. (C) 2014 The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  173. Effects on river macroinvertebrate communities of tsunami propagation after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake 査読有り

    Kozo Watanabe, Sakiko Yaegashi, Hiro Tomozawa, Shunichi Koshimura, Tatsuo Omura

    FRESHWATER BIOLOGY 59 (7) 1474-1483 2014年7月

    出版者・発行元:WILEY

    DOI: 10.1111/fwb.12359  

    ISSN:0046-5070

    eISSN:1365-2427

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    The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake generated extreme tsunami waves that entered river mouths, causing strong and long-distance propagation along the water corridors. This study reports the first empirical survey of this rare and extreme ecological impact of tsunami propagation on river communities. We sampled macroinvertebrate communities at 15 river sites on the Sendai Plain in Northeast Japan along a gradient of tsunami disturbance intensity [i.e. altitude: range=1-29m above sea level (a.s.l.)] two and 16months after the earthquake. In comparison with data collected before the tsunami, we found evidence of significant reductions in taxon richness (-54% on average) and total abundance (-91%) after the tsunami in inundated river reaches (up to 25km from the river mouth). There were large spatial variations in local impacts, with altitudes of 7-9m a.s.l. separating heavily damaged inundated communities from intact non-inundated communities. The degraded communities exhibited variable recovery rates extending beyond 16months after the tsunami. Mobility trait analysis revealed a relatively rapid recovery of swimmers (e.g. Baetis), reflecting their high mobility and active drift behaviours in the recolonisation phase. We observed the rare phenomenon of upstream drift' of marine worms (Phyllodocidae) to freshwater rivers in three of the 10 inundated sites. These survived in fresh water for up to 14months, suggesting that some marine-derived immigrants can persist in fresh water for extended periods.

  174. 津波来襲時の緊急離桟操船シミュレーション

    小林 英一, 米田 翔太, 越村 俊一, 浦東 弘武

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (第 18 号) 79-80 2014年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

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    日本列島は、4 枚のプレートの境界付近に位置している<br /> 世界でも有数の地震多発地域である。駿河湾から四国沖<br /> にかけての海底には南海トラフと呼ばれるプレートの境<br /> 界があり、100~150 年周期で大規模な地震を引き起こし<br /> ていることから、大阪湾や瀬戸内海沿岸地域への被害が<br /> 懸念されている。<br /> また、2011 年 3 月 11 日には東北宮城沖を震源とした東<br /> 北地方太平洋沖地震により、それに伴う巨大津波によっ<br /> て大きな被害が出た。従来の想定を超えるこの地震によ<br /> り、以前に予測されていたものよりも大きな地震が想定<br /> [1]されており、これによる津波への対応が課題となって<br /> いる。<br /> 船舶については東日本大震災では緊急離桟によって船<br /> 舶が津波の被害から逃れることに成功した事例が報告さ<br /> れている[2]。南海トラフ地震によるで発生が予想される<br /> 地震による津波来襲が予想され

  175. 新想定津波下での大阪湾における錨泊船舶の挙動について

    小林 英一, 村山 雅子, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (17号) 113-114 2014年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

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    南海トラフを震源とする大規模地震が近い将来発生し,<br /> その地震に伴い発生する津波が広い範囲に来襲するとさ<br /> れている.また,2011 年3 月に発生した東北大震災を踏<br /> まえて新たにマグニチュード9 の巨大地震を想定(以下<br /> 新想定)した津波断層モデルが平成24 年8 月に公表され<br /> た.<br /> 津波警報発令時には,船舶は港外の広い海域に避難す<br /> ることとされているが,港外においてどの海域へ避難す<br /> るかといった具体的な避難行動についての取り決めはさ<br /> れていない.警報発令時に複数の船舶が一斉に避難する<br /> と,特に輻輳海域では混乱が生じることも考えられるこ<br /> とから,避難指針を検討しておくことが有用である.<br /> 大阪湾は沿岸部に工業地帯や商業施設を有しており,<br /> 多数の船舶が航行する海域である.先行研究1)では大阪湾<br /> を対象に,台風避泊にも用いられる指定錨地を含む9 海<br /> 域を避難海

  176. 橋梁上部構造に作用する津波波力特性に関する基礎的研究

    林 秀和, 青木 圭一, 四條 利久磨, 鈴木 俊光, 越村 俊一

    構造工学論文集 A 60A 45-58 2014年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.11532/structcivil.60a.45  

    ISSN:1881-6614

    eISSN:1881-820X

  177. Tsunami-deck: A new concept of tsunami vertical evacuation system 査読有り

    Abdul Muhari, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 35 335-345 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Springer Netherlands

    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7269-4_18  

    ISSN:2213-6959 1878-9897

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    We introduce the concept of a new type of vertical evacuation shelter. It combines the function of pedestrian bridge and tsunami tower, which are then installed at intersection. The idea provides the ease of constructing and maintenance in addition to the loss of required land acquisition. We first evaluate the performance of pedestrian bridges during the 2011 tsunami in Japan by taking into account the exposure component in term of their position from the shoreline and the susceptibility component in term of the tsunami height around the bridge as the influencing parameters in determining damage probability. We developed fragility curves to show that pedestrian bridges lay on an area less than 500 m from the coastline (around 0.1 of the maximum inundation extent), or in the area where the tsunami flow depth are 1.5 of the height of the bridge’s deck have more than 50 % probability to be damaged by the tsunami. If the function of pedestrian bridge will be expanded into ‘Tsunami-deck’, the information about tsunami behavior at the intersection therefore becomes important. For that reason, we performed a set of numerical experiment of tsunami flow at the intersection to determine conditions that will allow the installation of tsunami-deck with a height similar to the average height of the existing pedestrian bridge. By doing so, we attempted to determine preliminary placement criteria for Tsunami-deck in order to ensure the safety of evacuee. The results gave an opportunity to have more distributed vertical evacuation shelter in flat and densely populated areas.

  178. Field survey and damage inspection after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan in The Philippines 査読有り

    Erick MAS, Shuichi KURE, Jeremy D. BRICKER, Bruno ADRIANO, Carine YI, Anawat SUPPASRI, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 70 (2) I{\_}1451-I{\_}1455 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.i_1451  

  179. Improving Tsunami Numerical Simulation with the Time-Dependent Building Destruction Model 査読有り

    HAYASHI Satomi, ADRIANO Bruno, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi

    Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 70 (2) I{\_}346-I_350 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_346  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Tsunami flow velocity on land is important for estimating tsunami load on structures. Numerical simulation is widely used to estimate tsunami load with flow velocity estimation. However, the simulation results have not been validated sufficiently because of the lack of observed information. In this study, through several case studies incorporating different initial and boundary conditions, authors simulated the 2011 Tohoku tsunami to discuss its verification with particular regard to tsunami inundation velocities. To better simulate tsunami inundation velocities, authors developed the tsunami run-up model with time-dependent building destruction model.

  180. Real-time tsunami inundation forecasting and damage mapping towards enhancing tsunami disaster resilience 査読有り

    S. Koshimura, R. HIno, Y. Ohta, H. Kobayashi, A. Musa, Y.Murashima

    American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2014年

  181. 合成開口レーダー画像による津波浸水ラインの半自動抽出ツールの開発 査読有り

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 70 (2) I_1486-I_1490 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_1486  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    A semi-automated tool for detecting tsunami flooded areas is developed using high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar data (TerraSAR-X) focusing on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami event. A number of flood detection techniques proposed in previous studies have not been fully utilized for emergency responses due to their complicated procedures for image processing. Therefore,this study aimed at solving this problem by developing a semi-automated tool to detect flooded areas with a simple interface. The model was applied to Sendai plain and demonstrated a good performance showing producer&#039;s accuracy of 94.2 % and user&#039;s accuracy of 93.8 %.

  182. TerraSAR-X画像のオブジェクトベース解析による建物被害推計技術の開発 査読有り

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 70 (2) I_1481-I_1485 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_1481  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    An object-oriented method to detect building damage is developed using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar(TerraSAR-X) data focusing on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami event. To detect changes caused by the tsunami,damage function was developed by correlating mean value of correlation coefficient calculated based on an object-oriented method using pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X data and building damage ratio in each object. The estimated result of damage ratio showed good agreement with ground truth data,showing the pearson&#039;s correlation coefficient of 0.96. The method was verified by applying on the other test site,and the results were found consistent with the reported damage features,with correlation coefficient of 0.8.

  183. Damage and reconstruction after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 tohoku tsunami 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Abdul Muhari, Prasanthi Ranasinghe, Erick Mas, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 35 321-334 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Springer Netherlands

    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7269-4_17  

    ISSN:2213-6959 1878-9897

    eISSN:2213-6959

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    The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the world’s worst tsunamis and caused devastating damage in many Asian countries. Then, in 2011, Japan was hit by a tsunami that was generated by the greatest earthquake in the country’s history. This paper discusses the damage caused by these tsunamis and subsequent reconstruction. Introduced first are the experience gained and lessons learned for future tsunami mitigation, such as tsunami awareness, proper evacuation building and the memorial parks created in the countries affected by the 2004 tsunami (Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand). Second, human casualties and building damage are discussed using fatality ratios and fragility curves, respectively. These analyses show that experience and awareness help reduce human casualties in the Sanriku area, and wooden houses damaged by the 2011 tsunami fared better than in previous historical events. The damage by the 2011 tsunami to structures designed to protect against tsunamis is summarized. Most of these structures could not withstand and protect from the tsunami because they were not designed for such a large tsunami as expecting of such great event. Finally, examples of ongoing reconstruction in Japan are introduced. Most reconstruction efforts were planned after considering the lessons learned from the tsunami’s impact, and the towns in question are now strengthening their disaster prevention-related plans to be better prepared for future tsunamis.

  184. Tsunami evacuation simulation – Case studies for tsunami mitigation at Indonesia, Thailand and Japan 査読有り

    Mas, E, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F, Muhari, A, Adriano, B, Suppasri, A

    SIMULTECH2014 2014年

  185. Developing fragility functions for the areas affected by the 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami 査読有り

    H. Gokon, S. Koshimura, K. Imai, M. Matsuoka, Y. Namegaya, Y. Nishimura

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 14 (12) 3231-3241 2014年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-14-3231-2014  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    Fragility functions in terms of flow depth, flow velocity and hydrodynamic force are developed to evaluate structural vulnerability in the areas affected by the 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami. First, numerical simulations of tsunami propagation and inundation are conducted to reproduce the features of tsunami inundation. To validate the results, flow depths measured in field surveys and waveforms measured by Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART) gauges are utilized. Next, building damage is investigated by visually interpreting changes between pre- and post-tsunami high-resolution satellite images. Finally, the data related to tsunami features and building damage are integrated using Geographic Information System (GIS), and tsunami fragility functions are developed based on the statistical analyses. From the developed fragility functions, we quantitatively understood the vulnerability of a coastal region in American Samoa characterized by steep terrains and ria coasts.

  186. Development of Building Height Data in Peru from High-Resolution SAR Imagery 査読有り

    Wen Liu, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inageku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan, Fumio Yamazaki, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 1042-1049 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2014.p1042  

  187. Scenarios of Earthquake and Tsunami Damage Probability in Callao Region, Peru Using Tsunami Fragility Functions 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 468-1-E301, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0845, Japan, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Miguel Estrada, Cesar Jimenez, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan, Japan-Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Mitigation (CISMID), National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú, Dirección de Hidrografía y Navegación, DHN, Callao, Perú, Fenlab, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Lima, Perú

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 968-975 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2014.p0968  

  188. DAMAGE DETECTION DUE TO THE TYPHOON HAIYAN FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION SAR IMAGES 査読有り

    Wen Liu, Masashi Matsuoka, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 6947575 2014年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947575  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    A strong typhoon "Haiyan" affected Southeast Asia on November 8, 2013, caused gigantic destruction in the Philippines. In this study, two pre- and one post-event COSMO-SkyMed SCSB data were used to detect the damaged area around Tacloban City, Leyte Island. First, the severe damaged areas were detected according to the difference between the pre- and post-event speckle divergence values. Then the pre- and co-event coherence (NDCI) and correlation coefficient (NDCOI) were calculated from the three temporal data. The relationships between the four building damage levels and NDCI or NDCOI value were obtained by introducing the visual interoperation result. Using this relationship, the possibility of each damage class was estimated in the whole urban area.

  189. Simulation of Tsunami inundation in central Peru from future megathrust earthquake scenarios 査読有り

    Mas, E., Adriano, B., Pulido, N., Jimenez, C., Koshimura, S.

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 961-967 2014年

  190. Tsunami Waveform Inversion of the 2007 Peru (Mw8.1) Earthquake 査読有り

    Cesar Jimenez, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, FENLAB Av Venezuela s/n, Lima, Perú, Nabilt Moggiano, Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano, Yushiro Fujii, Shunichi Koshimura, Direccion de Hidrografia y Navegacion, DHN, Chucuito-Callao, Peru, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Building Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan

    Journal of Disaster Research 9 (6) 954-960 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2014.p0954  

  191. DETECTING BUILDING DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE 2011 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI USING TERRASAR-X DATA 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura, Joachim Post, Christian Gei, Enrico Stein, Masashi Matsuoka

    2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 1851-1854 2014年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946816  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In this study, a semi-automated method to estimate building damage in a tsunami affected area is developed using pre- and post-event high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (TerraSAR-X) data. For development, some coastal areas affected by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami were focused. The method for estimating building damage consists of three steps, 1) To detect flooded areas by the tsunami, 2) To detect built-up areas, 3) To estimate building damage inside the flooded built-up areas. The previously proposed methods using high-resolution SAR data needs building footprint data for estimating building damage[1]. However, this problem was improved by developing a new method which does not need building footprint data to estimate building damage caused by the tsunami. The developed method was validated on the other test sites and the estimated results showed good consistency with the ground truth data.

  192. Benchmarking, validation and calibration of newly-developed HAZUS Tsunami methodology 査読有り

    Ronald T. Eguchi, Michael T. Eguchi, Jawhar Bouabid, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumio Yamazaki, William P. Graf

    NCEE 2014 - 10th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering: Frontiers of Earthquake Engineering 2014年

    DOI: 10.4231/D31834329  

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    This paper documents the results of an effort to benchmark modeling results generated from the newly-developed HAZUS Tsunami methodology. Although quantitative comparisons between HAZUS-modeled output and observations of damage from actual events are made, this analysis is considered preliminary in that data from only two events were used in the benchmarking process. Useful insights, however, are still possible, especially regarding whether the results appear to be in the right ballpark. At the end of this paper, we provide recommendations on improvements that should be considered in order to ensure effective application of the methodology in the U.S.

  193. EXTRACTION OF DAMAGED AREAS DUE TO THE 2013 HAIYAN TYPHOON USING ASTER DATA 査読有り

    Bruno Adriano, Hideomi Gokon, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Wen Liu, Masashi Matsuoka

    2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 2154-2157 2014年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946893  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In this study, the extent of the flooded areas by the Super Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines were extracted using ASTER VNIR images taken over Tacloban city in the Visayas. In order to constraint the affected area, we employed the normalize difference vegetation and water indices (NDVI and NDWI) from the pre- and post-event images. The extension of the flooded area was determined by comparing the index characteristics before and after the event. A phase-based change detection methoindicesd was applied to classify the affected area into three classes according to the changes between the pre- and post-images. Through NDWI the flooded areas were detected despite the moderate resolution of ASTER images. In addition, the phase-based analysis successfully detected level of change within the affected area that may be correlated to the damage observed on field surveys. The results from the phase-based analysis were verified with damage levels obtained through visual damage inspection using high resolution satellite images.

  194. INTRODUCTION OF MEMORIAL PAPER 査読有り

    Yasunori Watanabe, Shunichi Koshimura, Norimi Mizutani, Jun Sasaki

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 55 (4) 2013年12月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563413030010  

    ISSN:0578-5634

    eISSN:1793-6292

  195. TSUNAMI HAZARD AND BUILDING DAMAGE ASSESSMENT IN THAILAND USING NUMERICAL MODEL AND FRAGILITY CURVES 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI 7 (5) 1250028 2013年12月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S1793431112500285  

    ISSN:1793-4311

    eISSN:1793-7116

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    Assessing the hazard and damage of a potential tsunami is an ongoing challenge in tsunami research. This study begins by simulating tsunami hazards using historical events. A tsunami propagation model is used to obtain the estimated maximum tsunami height along the west coast of Thailand for a rough return period, and rupture locations that have the potential to generate catastrophic tsunamis in Thailand for a specific return period are proposed. A tsunami inundation model is then performed to quantify each building's maximum inundation depth, using high-resolution satellite images to extract each building's location for the areas of interest located in southern Thailand. Nam Khem village and Patong beach are selected as study areas to represent village communities and tourist attractions, respectively. The model results are then used to obtain the numbers of exposed inhabitants and buildings for each earthquake return period. The developed tsunami fragility curves are applied to these figures to determine the number of potentially damaged buildings. The analysis suggests that the propagation model can be used to obtain rough estimations because it provided results similar to those of the inundation model. However, material type must be considered when fragility curves are used in a different country (i.e. reinforced concrete buildings in Thailand from the 2004 tsunami and wooden houses in Japan from the 2011 East Japan tsunami).

  196. A REVIEW OF TSUNAMI DAMAGE ASSESSMENT METHODS AND BUILDING PERFORMANCE IN THAILAND 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Anat Ruangrassamee, Piyawat Foytong

    JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI 7 (5) 1350036 2013年12月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S179343111350036X  

    ISSN:1793-4311

    eISSN:1793-7116

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    Although the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami occurred several years ago and all the building repair and infrastructure reconstruction needed in Thailand to repair the damage caused by the tsunami are complete, there is still a need for damage assessment methods that can be used in future tsunami damage assessments in Thailand and that can possibly be applied to other countries. This study summarizes three methods for assessing tsunami damage, "tsunami damage criteria," "tsunami damage ratios" and " tsunami fragility curves," based on damage data from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand, and these methods are compared using other tsunami events. Using the data from a field survey of damaged buildings, tsunami damage criteria were summarized for each degree of damage as a function of inundation depth for different building types. Tsunami damage ratios were summarized using building damage data obtained from surveys in the field and reconstruction cost estimates provided by the Thai government. The fragility curves developed were validated based on building performance data obtained from full-scale experiments on buildings and columns. Despite differences in the tsunami characteristics (inundation depth, current velocity and hydrodynamic force), the damage probabilities were nearly the same. The summarized methods might be useful for future tsunami damage assessments and loss estimation in Thailand and serve as guidelines for tsunami damage assessment in other countries.

  197. Evaluation of present tsunami evacuation situation in Thailand 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Mas, E, Srivihok, P, Sawatdiraksa, S, Abe, Y, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    4th National Convention on Water Resource Engineering, Thailand (WRECON2013) 2013年9月5日

  198. Impacts of the 2011 East Japan tsunami in the Papua region, Indonesia: field observation data and numerical analyses 査読有り

    Subandono Diposaptono, Abdul Muhari, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura, Hideaki Yanagisawa

    GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 194 (3) 1625-1639 2013年9月

    出版者・発行元:OXFORD UNIV PRESS

    DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggt175  

    ISSN:0956-540X

    eISSN:1365-246X

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    This paper presents post-tsunami survey results describing the impacts of the 2011 East Japan tsunami in Yos Sudarso Bay, Papua, Indonesia. Although the far-field tsunami had a height of 0.8 m measured at a tide gauge inside the small U-shaped bay, it severely damaged four villages scattered along the bay. Detailed numerical analysis was carried out to explain the damages. We used a well-verified source model in the near- and far-field cases to model the propagation of the tsunami southward in the Pacific until reaching Papua Island, Indonesia. The numerical analyses demonstrate two causes of damage in the bay: the maximum tsunami velocity (3.5 m s(-1)) floated the houses in the villages of Tobati and Enggros and caused them to collapse, and water trapped by the hook-shaped peninsula amplified the tsunami height at the Holtekamp and Hanurata.

  199. Lessons Learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami: Performance of Tsunami Countermeasures, Coastal Buildings, and Tsunami Evacuation in Japan 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Nobuo Shuto, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Ahmet Cevdet Yalciner

    PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 170 (6-8) 993-1018 2013年6月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER BASEL AG

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-012-0511-7  

    ISSN:0033-4553

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    In 2011, Japan was hit by a tsunami that was generated by the greatest earthquake in its history. The first tsunami warning was announced 3 min after the earthquake, as is normal, but failed to estimate the actual tsunami height. Most of the structural countermeasures were not designed for the huge tsunami that was generated by the magnitude M = 9.0 earthquake; as a result, many were destroyed and did not stop the tsunami. These structures included breakwaters, seawalls, water gates, and control forests. In this paper we discuss the performance of these countermeasures, and the mechanisms by which they were damaged; we also discuss damage to residential houses, commercial and public buildings, and evacuation buildings. Some topics regarding tsunami awareness and mitigation are discussed. The failures of structural defenses are a reminder that structural (hard) measures alone were not sufficient to protect people and buildings from a major disaster such as this. These defenses might be able to reduce the impact but should be designed so that they can survive even if the tsunami flows over them. Coastal residents should also understand the function and limit of the hard measures. For this purpose, non-structural (soft) measures, for example experience and awareness, are very important for promoting rapid evacuation in the event of a tsunami. An adequate communication system for tsunami warning messages and more evacuation shelters with evacuation routes in good condition might support a safe evacuation process. The combination of both hard and soft measures is very important for reducing the loss caused by a major tsunami. This tsunami has taught us that natural disasters can occur repeatedly and that their scale is sometimes larger than expected.

  200. Salinity in Soils and Tsunami Deposits in Areas Affected by the 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan Tsunamis 査読有り

    Takumi Yoshii, Masahiro Imamura, Masafumi Matsuyama, Syunichi Koshimura, Masashi Matsuoka, Erick Mas, Cesar Jimenez

    PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS 170 (6-8) 1047-1066 2013年6月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER BASEL AG

    DOI: 10.1007/s00024-012-0530-4  

    ISSN:0033-4553

    eISSN:1420-9136

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    The accumulation of data sets of past tsunamis is the most basic but reliable way to prepare for future tsunamis because the frequency of tsunami occurrence and their magnitude can be estimated by historical records of tsunamis. Investigation of tsunami deposits preserved in geological layers is an effective measure to understand ancient tsunamis that occurred before historical records began. However, the areas containing tsunami deposits can be narrower than the area of tsunami inundation, thus resulting in underestimation of the magnitude of past tsunamis. A field survey was conducted after the 2010 Chile tsunami and 2011 Japan tsunami to investigate the chemical properties of the tsunami-inundated soil to examine the applicability of tsunami inundation surveys considering water-soluble salts in soil. The soil and tsunami deposits collected in the tsunami-inundated areas are rich in water-soluble ions (Na+, Mg2+, Cl-, Br- and SO (4) (2-) ) compared with the samples collected in the non-inundated areas. The analytical result that the ratios of Na+, Mg2+, Br- and SO (4) (2-) to Cl- are nearly the same in the tsunami deposits and in the tsunami-inundated soil suggests that the deposition of these ions resulting from the tsunami inundation does not depend on whether or not tsunami deposits exist. Discriminant analysis of the tsunami-inundated areas using the ion contents shows the high applicability of these ions to the detection of tsunami inundation during periods when the amount of rainfall is limited. To examine the applicability of this method to palaeotsunamis, the continuous monitoring of water-soluble ions in tsunami-inundated soil is needed as a future study.

  201. 備讃瀬戸海域における新想定モデル津波シミュレーション

    谷口 裕樹, 小林 英一, 高瀬重信, 越村 俊一, 村山 雅子

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (第16号) 37-38 2013年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  202. 新想定津波下での輻輳海域における船舶避難に関する研究

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一, 大澤 輝夫, 高瀬重信

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (第16号) 2013年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

  203. Feasibility of evacuation at the Pakarang Cape in Thailand based on tsunami inundation model and human evacuation simulation 査読有り

    Mas, E, Suppasri, A, Srivihok, P, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    10th International Conference on Urban Earthquake Engineering 2013年3月2日

  204. An Integrated Simulation of Tsunami Hazard and Human Evacuation in La Punta, Peru 査読有り

    Erick Mas, Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics for Disaster Management, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-3, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (2) 285-295 2013年3月1日

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2013.p0285  

  205. Extraction of tsunami-flooded areas and damaged buildings in the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake from TerraSAR-X intensity images 査読有り

    Wen Liu, Fumio Yamazaki, Hideomi Gokon, Shun Ichi Koshimura

    Earthquake Spectra 29 (SUPPL.1) 2013年3月

    DOI: 10.1193/1.4000120  

    ISSN:8755-2930

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    The Tohoku earthquake of 11 March 2011 caused very large tsunamis and widespread devastation. Various high-resolution satellites captured details of affected areas and were utilized in emergency response. In this study, high-resolution pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X intensity images were used to identify tsunami-flooded areas and damaged buildings. Since water surface generally shows very little backscatter, flooded areas could be extracted by the difference of backscattering coefficients between the pre- and post-event images. Impacted buildings were detected by calculating the difference and correlation coefficient within the outline of each building. The damage estimates were compared with visual interpretation results, which suggest that the overall accuracy of the proposed method for flooded areas was 80%, and for damaged buildings was 94%. Since the proposed half-automated method takes less processing time and is applicable to various cases, it is expected to provide quick and useful information in emergency management. © 2013, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.

  206. Reliability of Bridges under Tsunami Hazards: Emphasis on the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake 査読有り

    Mitsuyoshi Akiyama, Dan M. Frangopol, Megumi Arai, Shunichi Koshimura

    EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA 29 (SUPPL.1) S295-S314 2013年3月

    出版者・発行元:EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST

    DOI: 10.1193/1.4000112  

    ISSN:8755-2930

    eISSN:1944-8201

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    The probabilistic estimation of tsunami impact on bridges and the evaluation of potential tsunami risk are important topics, but they are still in very early stages of development. First, this paper presents the damage of bridges during the great Tohoku-oki earthquake and giant tsunami of 11 March 2011 based on the field damage investigation. The damage conditions and the possible failure mechanisms of bridges due to tsunami are particularly discussed. Second, tsunami fragility curves are presented. Empirical tsunami fragility curves based on the utilization of damage data associated with past tsunami disasters have been developed. In this paper, the tsunami fragility curves are established based on simulations. Bridge failure probability can be estimated using the tsunami hazard and fragility curves. Finally, an illustrative example of the reliability estimation of a bridge exposed to tsunami hazard is presented.

  207. TerraSAR-X強度画像の変化に着目した津波被災地の建物被害程度の把握 査読有り

    堺 友里, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 69 (2) I_1456-I_1460 2013年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.69.I_1456  

    ISSN:1884-2399

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    A rapid damage mapping with remote sensing and geoinformatics is essential for effective disaster response and recovery efforts. Among the remote sensorsSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is remarkable for its capability to observe the Earth&#039;s surface regardless of wheather conditioins. In this paperin order to acquire the mea- sure of building damage level in the tsunami-affected areasthe authors analyzed a set of pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X intensity images. Focusing on the difference (&lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt;) and correlation coefficient (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;) between backscat- tering coefficients of pre- and post-event images yields good estimation of structural damage with a form of discriminant regression function of &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;, with the accuracy of more than 70 %.

  208. 心理的作用を考慮した津波避難開始における意思決定モデルの開発

    佐藤太一, 河野達仁, 越村俊一, 山浦一保, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集 D3, 69 64-80 2013年

  209. EVALUATIONS OF A SHIP EVACUATION MANEUVER FROM TSUNAMI ATTACK 査読有り

    Ei-ichi Kobayashi, Kouhei Yurugi, Shunichi Koshimura

    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 5 5 V005T06A047 2013年

    出版者・発行元:AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

    DOI: 10.1115/OMAE2013-10624  

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    Huge earthquakes have occurred continuously for at least 1000 years along the Nankai Trough, which is located in the Pacific Ocean off Shikoku Island, Japan. There is great concern over the possible occurrence of huge earthquakes, named Toukai, Tonankai, and Nankai earthquakes, along this trough. A tsunami generated by an earthquake in a coastal area not only raises the sea level, but also creates strong horizontal flows in bays. Any ships in the area are subject to these strong lateral flows. Since these phenomena can make a ship's movement uncontrollable, subject piers to tremendous forces, slam ships into breakwaters, and set vessels adrift and ground them, it is very important to understand them and the resulting movement of a ship, and to consider possible countermeasures. It is particularly urgent to evaluate the effects of a tsunami on ships carrying hazardous materials, such as VLCCs (Very Large Crude Carriers), sailing near the coast or moored to a jetty, and to consider and evaluate ways of countering these effects. From this viewpoint, basic analyses of a VLCC's movement resulting from a tsunami are carried out, and then countermeasures for avoiding this motion are investigated. First, this paper describes mathematical models of a tsunami flow and the maneuvers of sailing and moored ships. Next, computer simulations of the evacuation maneuvers of a ship at berth to avoid the effects of a tsunami are discussed. Finally, the paper reports additional simulations of the lateral motion of a ship moored at anchor when a tsunami hits.

  210. Development of building height data from high-resolution SAR imagery and building footprint 査読有り

    Yamazaki, F, Liu, W, Mas, E, Koshimura, S

    Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, ICOSSAR 2013 5493-5498 2013年

  211. The 2011 Tohoku tsunami flow velocity estimation by the aerial video analysis and numerical modeling 査読有り

    Hayashi, S, Koshimura, S

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (4) 561-572 2013年

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2013.p0561  

  212. Risk evaluation of drifting ship by tsunami 査読有り

    Yusuke Suga, Shunichi Koshimura, Ei-Ichi Kobayashi

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (4) 573-583 2013年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2013.p0573  

    ISSN:1883-8030 1881-2473

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    Drifting ship due to tsunami inundation flow may cause additional damage in harbor area. Many drifting ships were found in the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake tsunami and these caused various problems (damage of ships themselves, striking other structures and obstacle for restoration). In this sense, it is very important for disaster prevention to predict the drifting motion of a large ship by tsunami current. This study aims to simulate the drifting motion of ships by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami in Kesennuma harbor, Miyagi Prefecture. First, we simulated the hydrodynamic features of the 2011 tsunami by numerical simulation. Secondly, we analyzed the drifting motion of large ships using the result of tsunami numerical simulation. In the analysis, several test cases were conducted by changing parameter and initial position of the ship. Then we verified the results of the ship drifting simulation by comparing with actual grounding position of ships. Throughout the comparisons and verifications, we found the grounding position by the simulation was generally consistent with actual position of ships. Although it is necessary to verify the drifting route of ships, the results suggest that this model is beneficial for future disaster prevention.

  213. Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami disaster 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Satomi Hayashi, Hideomi Gokon

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (4) 549-560 2013年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2013.p0549  

    ISSN:1883-8030 1881-2473

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    Based on a comprehensive study of the lessons from the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami that devastatedmuch of the northeast Japan (Tohoku), we discuss insights into reconstruction and tsunamiresilient communities. Through field measurement, remote sensing, and numerical modeling approaches with spatial information sciences, we clarified the hydrodynamic characteristics of the tsunami inundation flow, the tsunami fragility curves. As observed in devastated areas and the analysis of the tsunami fragility curves, buildings were especially vulnerable when the local flow depth exceeded 2 m, while a 6 m flow depth would cause everything to be washed away. The findings and results lead to implications for land use management and relocation planning for reconstructing tsunami-resilient coastal communities. As a case study, we conducted the numerical tsunami modeling in Sendai city to evaluate the performance of the reconstruction plan based on the land use and coastal protection scenarios.

  214. Tsunami inundation mapping in lima, for two tsunami source scenarios 査読有り

    Adriano, B., Mas, E., Koshimura, S., Fujii, Y., Yauri, S., Jimenez, C., Yanagisawa, H.

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (2) 274-284 2013年

  215. Seismic source of 1746 callao earthquake from tsunami numerical modeling 査読有り

    Jimenez, C., Moggiano, N., Mas, E., Adriano, B., Koshimura, S., Fujii, Y., Yanagisawa, H.

    Journal of Disaster Research 8 (2) 266-273 2013年

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2013.p0266  

  216. Building damage estimation model using TerraSAR-X observing the 2010 Haiti earthquake 査読有り

    Matsuoka, M, Miura, H, Koshimura, S, Maruyama, Y

    34th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing 2013, ACRS 2013 4 3646-3652 2013年

  217. A radar-based method for detecting tsunami devastated areas using machine learning algorithm 査読有り

    Gokon, H, Post, J, Stein, E, Martinis, S, Twele, A, Mück, M, Koshimura, S

    34th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing 2013, ACRS 2013 4 3535-3541 2013年

  218. Damage and reconstruction after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Muhari, A, Ranasinghe, P, Mas, E, Shuto, N, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    Journal of Natural Disaster Science 34 (1) 19-39 2012年12月

    DOI: 10.2328/jnds.34.19  

  219. Agent based simulation of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami evacuation. An integrated model of tsunami inundation and evacuation 査読有り

    Mas, E, Suppasri, A, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    Journal of Natural Disaster Science 34 (1) 41-57 2012年12月

    DOI: 10.2328/jnds.34.41  

  220. Tsunamigenic ratios of the Pacific earthquakes 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    8th APRU Research Symposium on Multi-hazards around the Pacific Rim 2012年9月21日

  221. Review of tsunami fragility curves developed for countries around the Pacific Rim 査読有り

    Mas, E, Suppasri, A, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    8th APRU Research Symposium on Multi-hazards around the Pacific Rim 2012年9月21日

  222. Lessons learned and reconstruction from the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    AOGS-AGU (WPGM) Joint Assembly 2012 2012年8月15日

  223. Comparison of decay features of the 2006 and 2007 Kuril Island earthquake tsunamis 査読有り

    Yutaka Hayashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura

    GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 190 (1) 347-357 2012年7月

    出版者・発行元:WILEY-BLACKWELL

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05466.x  

    ISSN:0956-540X

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    Characteristics of the tsunami decay processes are examined following the definition and discussion of the major terms involved: moving root mean squared amplitude, tsunami coda and non-dimensional tsunami amplitude (NDA). Tsunami waveform data observed at tidal stations in Japan during two Kuril Island earthquake tsunamis in 2006 and 2007 are analysed. The tsunami codas of these events showed the following characteristics. (1) The decay process determined by the tsunami coda of the 2006 tsunami implies that the decay time constant at a tidal station depends on which ocean the station is facing. (2) Fluctuations of the NDAs in the tsunami codas are stochastically approximated by either the Rayleigh distribution or the normal distribution and the distributions of the NDAs at most tidal stations are similar. (3) Differences in the decay processes between these two tsunami events were small with regard to the averaged decay time constants and the distributions of the NDAs. These findings may be the first step towards improved forecasting of the tsunami decay process.

  224. PROBABILISTIC TSUNAMI HAZARD ANALYSIS AND RISK TO COASTAL POPULATIONS IN THAILAND 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI 6 (2) 1250011 2012年6月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S179343111250011X  

    ISSN:1793-4311

    eISSN:1793-7116

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    The study of tsunami hazards in Thailand has been an ongoing topic of research. However, the hazards from tsunami sources based on probabilistic study and population risk are still unclear. In this study, potential tsunami sources along rupture zones were selected. A series of far-field tsunami simulations were performed with scaled fault parameters based on fault lengths from 100-600 km. The results show that within a few centuries, the maximum tsunami height could be 2-5m at the west coast and less than 2m at the east coast. The potential tsunami exposure (PTE) of populations in an estimated inundation zone was calculated using global population data in relation to tsunami height. The results show that much attention should be paid to fault ruptures longer than 300 km (approximate to 8.5 moment magnitude, M-w) that originate from 4 degrees-6 degrees N and 14 degrees-17 degrees N for the Sumatra subduction zone and the Manila trench, respectively. A quarter of a million people are at risk of exposure to a maximum 9 m tsunami height after 100 min of the arrival of the first wave at the Andaman coast. One million people near the Gulf of Thailand are at risk of a tsunami height less than 3 m after 9 hr.

  225. TSUNAMI HAZARD AND CASUALTY ESTIMATION IN A COASTAL AREA THAT NEIGHBORS THE INDIAN OCEAN AND SOUTH CHINA SEA 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI 6 (2) 1250010 2012年6月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S1793431112500108  

    ISSN:1793-4311

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    In the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, many hundreds of thousands of lives have been lost due to tsunami events, and almost half of the lives lost occurred following the 2004 Indian Ocean event. Potential tsunami case scenarios have been simulated in these regions by a number of researchers to calculate the hazard level. The hazard level is based on a variety of conditions, such as the tsunami height, the inundation area, and the arrival time. However, the current assessments of the hazard levels do not focus on the tsunami risk to a coastal population. This study proposes a new method to quantify the risk to the coastal population in the region that includes the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. The method is simple and combines the use of readily available tsunami data, far-field tsunami simulation models to determine the regional risk and global population data. An earthquake-generated tsunami was simulated, following an earthquake that had a magnitude larger than 8.5 M-w and occurred along a potential subduction zone. The 2004 Indian Ocean event seemed to be a "worst case scenario"; however, it has been estimated that a potential tsunami, occurring in a coastal region with a high population density, could cause significantly greater casualties.

  226. Disaster reduction effort and reconstruction after the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami 招待有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    Japan Geoscience Union meeting (JpGU2012) 2012年5月

  227. Experience from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and damage and reconstruction from the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Muhari, A, Ranasinghe, P, Mas, E, Shuto, N, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    9th International Conference on Urban Earthquake Engineering and 4th Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering 2012年3月

  228. MAPPING OF BUILDING DAMAGE OF THE 2011 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI IN MIYAGI PREFECTURE 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 54 (1) 1250006 2012年3月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563412500064  

    ISSN:0578-5634

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    The authors visually inspected the building damage caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami, using the pre and post-event aerial photos. First, we prepared the mosaic of post-tsunami aerial photos acquired by Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI), and conducted the visual inspection of buildings damage to classify the damage. The damage classification results are compiled with building shape files on GIS for mapping the structural vulnerability in the tsunami inundation zone. Finally, we discussed the structural vulnerability in the tsunami affected area based on mapping results of building damage.

  229. DEVELOPING TSUNAMI FRAGILITY CURVES FROM THE SURVEYED DATA OF THE 2011 GREAT EAST JAPAN TSUNAMI IN SENDAI AND ISHINOMAKI PLAINS 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Kentaro Imai, Kenji Harada, Fumihiko Imamura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 54 (1) 1250008 2012年3月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563412500088  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

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    Japan was hit by the tsunami generated by the greatest earthquake in the history of Japan. The authors conducted the post-tsunami field survey in Miyagi prefecture immediately after the event to measure the inundation depth and investigate damaged buildings. Most of the buildings surveyed were wooden houses and could be classified into 4 damage levels. The primary data of inundation depth and damage levels obtained from the field survey were used to create the tsunami fragility curves, which described the degree of structural damage as a function of the hydrodynamic characteristics of tsunami inundation. The developed fragility curves show that damage with more than a 50% chance of occurring is classified as minor damage, moderate damage, major damage and complete damage when the tsunami inundation depth is between 2.5-3.0 m, 3.0-4.0 m and 4.0-4.5 m and greater than 4.5 m, respectively. By comparing the developed tsunami fragility curves, wooden houses in the studied area have higher structural performance than those obtained from historical events in other areas. The new curves suggest that wooden houses will be severely damaged if the inundation depth is greater than 3 m and collapse if the depth is greater than 4 m while wooden houses from historical data can resist only 1-2 m. Moreover, wooden walls in Japan reduce the overall failure of a structural member because a wooden wall is easier to destroy (compared to brick walls in Thailand and Indonesia) and allows the tsunami to pass through, which reduces the pressure at the attacking front of the tsunami. The fragility curves are very important for the loss estimation and reconstruction plans of the city; they are also crucial for reducing the disaster damage from a future tsunami.

  230. DAMAGE CHARACTERISTIC AND FIELD SURVEY OF THE 2011 GREAT EAST JAPAN TSUNAMI IN MIYAGI PREFECTURE 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Shunichi Koshimura, Kentaro Imai, Erick Mas, Hideomi Gokon, Abdul Muhari, Fumihiko Imamura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 54 (1) 1250005 2012年3月

    出版者・発行元:TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563412500052  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

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    On March 11th, 2011, the Pacific coast of Japan was hit by a tsunami generated by the largest earthquake (M9.0) in the history of the country and causing a wide range of devastating damage. Using preliminary reported data from many sources, some topics such as tsunami fatality ratio and tsunami fragility curves for structural damage are discussed and compared with other countries. This paper aims to discuss the damage characteristics of this tsunami as well as its mechanism, as observed through field surveys conducted over the 4 months following the tsunami. The field survey covers 13 areas in the Miyagi prefecture from Kesennuma city in the northernmost region to Yamamoto town in the southernmost region. The arrival time of the first tsunami along the coastal areas in the Miyagi prefecture was confirmed by stopped clocks found during the survey. The damage mechanism of coastal structures such as breakwaters, seawalls, tsunami gates, and evacuation buildings was investigated and discussed. Damage characteristics for each area, i.e., urban areas, port, coastal structures, fisheries, and agricultural areas, were also summarized. The conclusions drawn from the data analysis suggest that experience and education (soft countermeasures) are important to reduce the loss of life, as shown for example in the Sanriku area. The field surveys indicate that wood and reinforced-concrete (RC) structures should be balanced to survive both earthquake and tsunami forces, and the structural design for buildings should be reconsidered after the example in Onagawa town. In addition, coastal structures for tsunami countermeasures (hard countermeasures) should be more properly designed for survival instead of becoming floating debris upon being overturned by a tsunami. The combination of both hard and soft measures is especially necessary for optimizing the outcomes following a great disaster. These recommendations should be taken into consideration in the reconstruction efforts for better tsunami countermeasures in the future.

  231. 高解像度SAR画像を用いた東北地方太平洋沖地震における 津波湛水域と建物被害の抽出 査読有り

    リュウ ウェン, 山崎 文雄, 郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一

    日本地震工学会論文集 12 (6) 6_73-6_85 2012年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本地震工学会

    DOI: 10.5610/jaee.12.6_73  

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    2011年3月11日に発生した東北地方太平洋沖地震により引き起こされた巨大津波は,日本の太平洋沿岸地域を繰り返し襲い,甚大な被害を引き起こした.本研究では,地震前後に撮影された高解像度衛星TerraSAR-Xの強度画像を用いて,津波による湛水域と建物被害の抽出を行った.後方散乱係数が極めて低いという水域の特性を利用して,地震前後画像から平均差分が減少した地域を湛水域として抽出した.また,1棟単位の建物輪郭データを用いて,輪郭内における後方散乱係数の平均差分と平均相関を算出し,浸水域内における建物被害を抽出した.これらの結果を航空写真の目視判読の結果と比較し,精度を検証した.

  232. Study on Tsunami Evacuation Building Demand through the Agent Based Simulation of Tsunami Evacuation in La Punta , Peru 査読有り

    Mas Erick, Imamura Fumihiko, Koshimura Shunichi

    Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2012 2012年

  233. 特集号「リモートセンシングによる災害評価 -近年の地震・津波への適用-」の発刊にあたって

    松岡 昌志, 越村 俊一, 三浦 弘之, 丸山 喜久

    日本地震工学会論文集 12 (6) 6_1-6_1 2012年

    出版者・発行元:JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

    DOI: 10.5610/jaee.12.6_1  

    ISSN:1884-6246

  234. Tsunami-deck; a new concept of tsunami vertical evacuation system 査読有り

    Abdul Muhari, F.Imamura, S.Koshimura

    Proc. Of Costal Engineering, JSCE 3 71-75 2012年

  235. Comparosion of casualty and building damage between Sanriku Ria Coast and Sendai Plain coast based on the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami 査読有り

    A. Suppasri, K.Imai, F.Imamura, S.Koshimura

    Proc. Of Costal Engineering, JSCE 3 76-80 2012年

  236. Preface 査読有り

    Kazuhisa Goto, Yuichiro Tanioka, Yuichi Nishimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura, Giuseppe Mastronuzzi

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 64 (10) 785-785 2012年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.5047/eps.2012.08.007  

    ISSN:1343-8832

  237. TSUNAMI FLOW MEASUREMENT USING THE VIDEO RECORDED DURING THE 2011 TOHOKU TSUNAMI ATTACK 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Satomi Hayashi

    2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 6693-6696 2012年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6352063  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    The 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami totally devastated the communities of Sanriku coast. Because of the destruction of tsunami observation facilities, such as tide gauges, there are difficulties to understand local tsunami characteristics. The author analyzed the videos recorded at two sites to identify the local tsunami inundation characteristics. The video analysis based on 2-D projective transformation and field measurements enables to estimate the tsunami front and flow velocities precisely, e. g. 8 m/s on Sendai plain and 6 m/s at Onagawa town. The results contribute to understand the local tsunami flow characteristics that were not documented by the observation.

  238. STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITY IN THE AFFECTED AREA OF THE 2011 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI, INFERRED FROM THE POST-EVENT AERIAL PHOTOS 査読有り

    Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura

    2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 6617-6620 2012年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6352082  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    Using the aerial photos published by Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI), the authors visually inspected the building damage to identify the structural vulnerability in the tsunami affected area due to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami. First, the electronic map of buildings and the aerial photos were superimposed on GIS. Then, visual inspection of building damage was conducted in Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures, and in order to identify the structural vulnerability in each municipality, damage probabilities(P-D) were calculated by taking a ratio of the number of devastated buildings those were washed away over the number of total buildings exposed by the tsunami. Finally, the relationship between the number of devastated buildings and the number of fatalities were discussed to identify local vulnerability against the tsunami.

  239. EXTRACTION OF DAMAGED BUILDINGS DUE TO THE 2011 TOHOKU, JAPAN EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI 査読有り

    Wen Liu, Fumio Yamazaki, Hideomi Gokon, Shunichi Koshimura

    2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 4038-4041 2012年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6350523  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    The 11 March 2011 Tohoku, Japan earthquake caused gigantic tsunamis and widespread devastations. Various satellites quickly captured the details of affected areas, and were used for emergency response. In this study, high-resolution pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X (TSX) intensity images were used to identify damaged buildings. Since the damaged buildings show changes in backscattering intensity, they can be detected by calculating the difference. A GIS map was introduced to identify individual damaged buildings and investigate their characteristics. According to the side-looking nature of SAR sensors, the buildings' shapes obtained from the GIS map were converted to match their locations in the TSX images. Then washed-away and damaged buildings were extracted using the changed area of SAR intensity within a building's wall and outline. The results were compared with visual interpretation results, and the accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed.

  240. CONTRIBUTION OF EARTH OBSERVATION AND MODELLING TO DISASTER RESPONSE MANAGEMENT: METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND RECENT EXAMPLES 査読有り

    J. Post, S. Koshimura, S. Wegscheider, A. Muhari, M. Mueck, G. Strunz, H. Gokon, S. Hayashi, E. Stein, A. Ramanauskas

    2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 947-949 2012年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351395  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    The paper outlines new research findings and hereof generated products in the field of earth observation and modeling technologies to support emergency response measures. Based on the recent earthquake and tsunami disaster in Japan (March 2011) examples will be given for new methodological developments and products to support emergency response strategies more effectively.

  241. Probabilistic assessment of structural performance of bridges under tsunami hazard 査読有り

    M. Akiyama, Dan M. Frangopol, M. Arai, S. Koshimura

    Structures Congress 2012 - Proceedings of the 2012 Structures Congress 1919-1928 2012年

    DOI: 10.1061/9780784412367.168  

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    An earthquake can cause multiple disasters. For the reliability estimation of coastal structures and infrastructures in Japan, seismic hazard, tsunami hazard and hazard associated with airborne chlorides need to be taken into consideration. Firstly, this paper presents the damage of bridges during the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami on March 11, 2011 based on the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) damage investigation. Especially, the damages condition and the possible failure mechanisms of bridges due to tsunami are discussed based on the field survey. Secondly, the tsunami fragility curves are presented. These are used to estimate the structural fragility under the tsunami hazards. Bridge failure probability can be estimated using the tsunami hazard curve and the fragility curve. Finally, an illustrative example quantifying the effect of bridge pier height on the reliability of a bridge under tsunami hazard is presented. © ASCE 2012.

  242. Evaluation of anchored ship motion under tsunami attack 査読有り

    Ohta, R, Kobayashi, E, Koshimura, S, Murayama, M

    Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference 166-172 2012年

  243. Developing Tsunami fragility curves using remote sensing and survey data of the 2010 Chilean Tsunami in Dichato 査読有り

    E. Mas, S. Koshimura, A. Suppasri, M. Matsuoka, M. Matsuyama, T. Yoshii, C. Jimenez, F. Yamazaki, F. Imamura

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 12 (8) 2689-2697 2012年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-12-2689-2012  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    On 27 February 2010, a megathrust earthquake of M-w = 8.8 generated a destructive tsunami in Chile. It struck not only Chilean coast but propagated all the way to Japan. After the event occurred, the post-tsunami survey team was assembled, funded by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), to survey the area severely affected by the tsunami. The tsunami damaged and destroyed numerous houses, especially in the town of Dichato. In order to estimate the structural fragility against tsunami hazard in this area, tsunami fragility curves were developed. Surveyed data of inundation depth and visual inspection of satellite images of Dichato were used to classify the damage to housing. A practical method suitable when there are limitations on available data for numerical simulation or damage evaluation from surveys is presented here. This study is the first application of tsunami fragility curves on the South American Pacific coast and it might be of practical use for communities with similar characteristics along the west Pacific coast. The proposed curve suggests that structures in Dichato will be severely damaged - with a 68 % probability - already at 2 m tsunami inundation depth.

  244. Tsunamigenic Ratio of the Pacific Ocean earthquakes and a proposal for a Tsunami Index 査読有り

    A. Suppasri, F. Imamura, S. Koshimura

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 12 (1) 175-185 2012年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-12-175-2012  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    The Pacific Ocean is the location where two-thirds of tsunamis have occurred, resulting in a great number of casualties. Once information on an earthquake has been issued, it is important to understand if there is a tsunami generation risk in relation with a specific earthquake magnitude or focal depth. This study proposes a Tsunamigenic Ratio (TR) that is defined as the ratio between the number of earthquake-generated tsunamis and the total number of earthquakes. Earthquake and tsunami data used in this study were selected from a database containing tsunamigenic earthquakes from prior 1900 to 2011. The TR is calculated from earthquake events with a magnitude greater than 5.0, a focal depth shallower than 200 km and a sea depth less than 7 km. The results suggest that a great earthquake magnitude and a shallow focal depth have a high potential to generate tsunamis with a large tsunami height. The average TR in the Pacific Ocean is 0.4, whereas the TR for specific regions of the Pacific Ocean varies from 0.3 to 0.7. The TR calculated for each region shows the relationship between three influential parameters: earthquake magnitude, focal depth and sea depth. The three parameters were combined and proposed as a dimensionless parameter called the Tsunami Index (TI). TI can express better relationship with the TR and with maximum tsunami height, while the three parameters mentioned above cannot. The results show that recent submarine earthquakes had a higher potential to generate a tsunami with a larger tsunami height than during the last century. A tsunami is definitely generated if the TI is larger than 7.0. The proposed TR and TI will help ascertain the tsunami generation risk of each earthquake event based on a statistical analysis of the historical data and could be an important decision support tool during the early tsunami warning stage.

  245. Tsunami hazard mitigation at palabuhanratu, Indonesia 査読有り

    Yuichiro Tanioka, Hamzah Latief, Haris Sunendar, Aditya Riadi Gusman, Shunichi Koshimura

    Journal of Disaster Research 7 (1) 19-25 2012年

    出版者・発行元:Fuji Technology Press

    DOI: 10.20965/jdr.2012.p0019  

    ISSN:1883-8030 1881-2473

    eISSN:1883-8030

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    Several large earthquakes have recently occurred along the Sumatra-Java subduction zone, the 2004 great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, the 2005 great Nias earthquake, the 2006 West Java tsunami earthquake, the 2007 great Bengkulu earthquake, and the 2010Mentawai tsunami earthquakes. Serious tsunami disasters were caused by the great underthrust earthquakes which ruptured the plate interface near the trench such as the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman, 2006West Java, 2010Mentawai earthquakes. At Palabuhanratu, maximum tsunami height distribution and inundation areas were computed from expected fault models located near the Java trench. The results shows that the most populated areas of Palabuhanratu would be severely damaged by the expected tsunami caused by the fault model of Mw 8.5. After discussing tsunami disaster mitigation measures with the local government, the result of tsunami inundation area in this study were used to decide tsunami evacuation areas and evacuation routes. The local government also installed tsunami evacuation sign boards near the coast.

  246. The 2011 East Japan tsunami: Performance of tsunami countermeasures and lesson learned for Thailand 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Shuto, N, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    4th Thailand–Japan International Academic (TJIA) Conference 2011年11月26日

  247. Tsunami risk assessment for building using numerical model and fragility curves 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    Coastal engineering conference (JSCE) 2011年11月11日

  248. 遠地地震津波の減衰予測のためのMRMS振幅の時間減衰モデル 査読有り

    林豊, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学) 67 (2,Pt.1) I.216-I.220-I_220 2011年10月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.67.I_216  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    In order to evaluate and forecast the decay process of far-field tsunamis, we have constructed a time-dependent decay model of MRMS tsunami amplitudes. This model is based on the decay features of near- and far-field earthquake tsunamis around Japan and on the assumption that the propagation of tsunami energy is expressed by convolution operations with three effects (source, path, and site effects) and some parameters. Computed examples show that with suitable parameters, this model has the potential to duplicate various real MRMS tsunami waveforms. Through this study, we successfully mitigated issues related to the timely cancellation of tsunami warnings; the problem we are still facing on the issue is to determine parameters and functions of three effects for the proposed decay model of MRMS tsunami amplitudes.

  249. Evaluation of the Behavior of Moored Ships under Tsunami Attack 査読有り

    Ryo Ohta, Eiichi Kobayashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Masako Murayama, Teruo Osawa

    Proceedings of Asia Navigation Conference 2011 2011年9月

  250. Historical tsunami impact and potential tsunami exposure for coastal areas in Thailand 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    4th National Convention on Water Resource Engineering, Thailand 2011年8月18日

  251. The 2011 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Damage 招待有り 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    4th National Convention on Water Resource Engineering, Thailand 2011年8月18日

  252. Tsunami Hazard and Risk Assessment for Coastal Population in the Indian Ocean 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Asada, T, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2011年7月2日

  253. Performance of coastal building in case of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    Coastal Engineering, Tohoku branch (JSCE) 2011年3月5日

  254. Characteristics of Tsunami Damage on The 2011 off Tohoku Oki Earthquake Tsunami along the South Coast of Miyagi prefecture, Survey report about the Off Pacific earthquake and tsunami in Tohoku region

    Imai, K, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S, Sugawara, D, Suppasri, A, Sato, S

    Tsunami Engineering Technical Report 28 141-145 2011年3月

  255. 津波来襲時における錨泊船舶の挙動評価(<特集>Asia Navigation Conference 2011)

    太田 遼, 村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 大澤 輝夫

    日本航海学会誌 NAVIGATION 179 42-42 2011年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本航海学会

    DOI: 10.18949/jinnavi.179.0_42  

    ISSN:0919-9985

  256. 数値シミュレーションとリモートセンシングの統合による津波被災地の早期探索と被害把握 査読有り

    越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志

    理論応用力学講演会 講演論文集 60 (0) 208-208 2011年

    出版者・発行元:日本学術会議 「機械工学委員会・土木工学・建築学委員会合同IUTAM分科会」

    DOI: 10.11345/japannctam.60.0.208.0  

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    津波被災地の早期探索と被害の把握を目的として,津波数値解析とリモートセンシング技術を統合した新しいアプローチを提案する,近年に発生した津波災害2例(2009年サモア諸島沖地震津波,2010年チリ地震津波)について,津波被災地の探索と衛星画像を用いた建物被害の把握を実践し,その検証と課題,今後の研究展望について述べる.

  257. 2009年米領サモア地震津波における津波被害関数の構築 査読有り

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志, 行谷 佑一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 67 (2) I_1321-I_1325 2011年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.67.I_1321  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The authors developed the tsunami fragility curves due to 2009 samoa earthquake tsunami, to investigate structural vulnerability in the affected area, by integrating satellite remote sensing, field survey, numerical modeling, and GIS analysis. In this paper, the authors propose three kind of tsunami fragility curves of structural destruction with regard to the inundation depth, current velocity, and hydrodynamic force.

  258. 土壌の簡易化学分析による津波浸水域調査 査読有り

    吉井 匠, 松山 昌史, 今村 正裕, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志, エリック マス, セザル ヒメネス

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 67 (2) I_1316-I_1320 2011年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.67.I_1316  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Tsunami has caused devastating damage to coastal regions many times. Since a period of earthquake occurrence generating tsunami can be estimated from historical records, the time of the earthquake occurrence and its magnitude are roughly estimated. Therefore, accumulation of field survey data and knowledge is important to prepare for future tsunamis. In this paper, we examined a simplified chemical analysis of soil to detect the tsunami inundation area and presented an on-site analytical method for inundation area detection. This chemical analysis is expected to support field surveys on tsunami inundation area.

  259. 土壌中の化学成分を用いた津波浸水域の調査方法 査読有り

    吉井 匠, 今村 正裕, 松山 昌史, 越村 俊一, 松岡 昌志, MAS Erick, JIMENEZ Cesar

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 67 (1) 49-62 2011年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.67.49  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    日本の沿岸域は,幾度となく津波による壊滅的な被災を被ってきた.地震の発生は準周期的であることから,過去の津波被災状況を調査することは極めて重要である.本研究では,津波浸水域の客観的かつ高精度な調査方法として,土壌中の化学物質を用いた調査法を提案し,2010年チリ津波の現地調査においてその有効性を検証した.津波の浸水域内外の土壌を分析した結果,浸水域内の土壌には多量の水溶性イオン(Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;,Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;,Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;)が含まれていた.これらのイオン含有量を用いて,津波浸水域の判別分析を行った結果,Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;,Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;,Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;,および電気伝導度を用いた場合に90%以上の高い判別的中率が得られた.土壌および海水中のイオンの含有量を検討した結果,Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;,Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;が津波浸水域の判別に適していると考えられた.

  260. 周防灘及び伊予灘海域における津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する研究

    村山 雅子, 川端 拓郎, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 大澤 輝夫

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演論文集 No.13, pp.397-399 (13) 397-399 2011年

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  261. 輻輳海域における津波来襲時の海上交通流について 査読有り

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 水之江 隆志, 近藤 英昭, 越村 俊一, 大澤 輝夫

    日本船舶海洋工学会論文集 11 (11) 181-188 2011年1月

    出版者・発行元:The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

    DOI: 10.2534/jjasnaoe.11.181  

    ISSN:1881-1760 1880-3717

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    In the near future, it is estimated that the TouNankai and Nankai huge earthquake will occurs along the Nankai Trough. The earthquake generates tsunami attack over a wide range such as Seto Inland Sea where is dotted with islets and so many ships are navigating. In addition that many ships evacuate from port areas to safe area when the tsunami attacks. Sea traffic congestion is concerned about in such the evacuation.In this study, first, we analyzed the traffic density in Bisan Seto on the basis of AIS received data. Then we carried out several kinds of preliminary simulation of ship evacuation from tsunami attack in Bisan Seto for the purpose of consideration of evacuation scenarios. An algorithm of collision avoidance by reducing propeller rotation was introduced to the ships evacuation simulation.Finally, it is found that many ships can evacuate to safer place on time when the tsunami attack in Seto inland sea in safe.

  262. Examination of three practical run-up models for assessing tsunami impact on highly populated areas 査読有り

    A. Muhari, F. Imamura, S. Koshimura, J. Post

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 11 (12) 3107-3123 2011年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-11-3107-2011  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    This paper describes the examination of three practical tsunami run-up models that can be used to assess the tsunami impact on human beings in densely populated areas. The first of the examined models applies a uniform bottom roughness coefficient throughout the study area. The second uses a very detailed topographic data set that includes the building height information integrated on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM); and the third model utilizes different bottom roughness coefficients, depending on the type of land use and on the percentage of building occupancy on each grid cell. These models were compared with each other by taking the one with the most detailed topographic data (which is the second) as reference. The analysis was performed with the aim of identifying how specific features of high resolution topographic data can influence the tsunami run-up characteristics. Further, we promote a method to be used when very detailed topographic data is unavailable and discuss the related limitations. To this purpose we demonstrate that the effect of buildings on the tsunami flow can be well modeled by using an equivalent roughness coefficient if the topographic data has no information of building height. The results from the models have been utilized to quantify the tsunami impact by using the tsunami casualty algorithm. The models have been applied in Padang city, Indonesia, which is one of the areas with the highest potential of tsunami risk in the world.

  263. TSUNAMI ATTACK EVALUATION AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR MOORED SMALL SHIPS IN A PORT 査読有り

    Eiichi Kobayashi, Kouhei Yurugi, Shunichi Koshimura

    OMAE2011: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, VOL 6 6 597-+ 2011年

    出版者・発行元:AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

    DOI: 10.1115/OMAE2011-49800  

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    There is increasing concern over the possibility of the occurrence of huge Toukai, Tonankai, and Nankai earthquakes in the Nankai Trough, located in the Pacific Ocean off Japan. It is estimated that there is a 50% probability of a tsunami being generated by an earthquake in this area over the next 30 years. A tsunami attack on the coast of Japan would not only increase the sea level, but would also create strong horizontal flows in bays and ports. In particular, along the coastal area of Osaka Bay, Japan, there are numerous small ports where pleasure ships and/or fishery boats are moored. Any small ships moored in these ports would be subject to violent motion by strong lateral flows, even if they are moored to each other. As a consequence, the mooring lines would be cut, ships would move uncontrollably, and causing damage to facilities. Thus, it is very important from the viewpoint of marine-disaster prevention to gain a better understanding of the motion of small vessels originating in tsunami flows and to develop countermeasures in the face of a tsunami attack. In this paper, basic analyses of the ship motions resulting from a tsunami attack are carried out, and possible countermeasures are investigated. First, we describe mathematical models approximating the flow of tsunami and the abrupt maneuvers of relatively small vessels while being moored. Next, numerical simulations of the lateral motion of moored ships resulting from a tsunami attack on a fishery port located in the Osaka Bay are carried out. Additionally, the possibility of relatively high tension to be generated along the mooring lines is evaluated. Finally, the results of computer simulations demonstrate that such hazardous phenomena can be addressed with appropriate countermeasures.

  264. A study on estimation of hydrodynamic forces acting on a ship hull in shallow water by CFD 査読有り

    Kimura, Y, Kobayashi, E, Tahara, Y, Koshimura, S

    RINA, Royal Institution of Naval Architects - 2nd International Conference on Ship Manoeuvering in Shallow and Confined Water: Ship to Ship Interactions 2011 193-201 2011年

  265. Validation of tsunami inundation modelling for the june 23, 2001 peru earthquake 査読有り

    Adriano, B., Koshimura, S., Fujii, Y.

    Bulletin of the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering 45 127-132 2011年

  266. Tsunami responses in Phuket Island, Thailand: Land uses/land covers and facilities in 2010 査読有り

    Kamthonldat, D, Koshimura, S, Matsunka, M

    International Journal of Geoinformatics 7 (4) 55-61 2011年

  267. Development of tsunami evacuation simulation for Banda Aceh city planning 査読有り

    Affan, M, Agussabti, Goto, Y, Abidin, T.F, Koshimura, S

    Proceedings of the ISCA 20th International Conference on Software Engineering and Data Engineering, SEDE 2011 69-74 2011年

  268. OBJECT-BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS OF POST-TSUNAMI HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES FOR MAPPING THE IMPACT OF TSUNAMI DISASTER 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Shintaro Kayaba, Hideomi Gokon

    2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) 1993-1996 2011年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2011.6049519  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    The authors developed a method of object-based satellite image analysis using high-resolution post-tsunami satellite image to detect and map tsunami impact. The method is applied to QuickBird 4 band pan-sharpened composite image acquired in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, and the ground objects are classified into six; vegetation, water, soil, building, road and debris, for mapping the impact of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake tsunami.

  269. Developing tsunami fragility curves based on the satellite remote sensing and the numerical modeling of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand 査読有り

    A. Suppasri, S. Koshimura, F. Imamura

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 11 (1) 173-189 2011年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-11-173-2011  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami damaged and destroyed numerous buildings and houses in Thailand. Estimation of tsunami impact to buildings from this event and evaluation of the potential risks are important but still in progress. The tsunami fragility curve is a function used to estimate the structural fragility against tsunami hazards. This study was undertaken to develop fragility curves using visual inspection of high-resolution satellite images (IKONOS) taken before and after tsunami events to classify whether the buildings were destroyed or not based on the remaining roof. Then, a tsunami inundation model is created to reconstruct the tsunami features such as inundation depth, current velocity, and hydrodynamic force of the event. It is assumed that the fragility curves are expressed as normal or lognormal distribution functions and the estimation of the median and log-standard deviation is performed using least square fitting. From the results, the developed fragility curves for different types of building materials (mixed type, reinforced concrete and wood) show consistent performance in damage probability and when compared to the existing curves for other locations.

  270. Geoinformatics in mangrove monitoring: damage and recovery after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Phang Nga, Thailand 査読有り

    D. Kamthonkiat, C. Rodfai, A. Saiwanrungkul, S. Koshimura, M. Matsuoka

    NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES 11 (7) 1851-1862 2011年

    出版者・発行元:COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-11-1851-2011  

    ISSN:1561-8633

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    In the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, it has been proven that mangrove ecosystems provide protection against coastal disasters by acting as bioshields. Satellite data have been effectively used to detect, assess, and monitor the changes in mangroves during the pre- and post-tsunami periods. However, not much information regarding mangrove restoration or reforestation is available. Rather than undertaking time-consuming fieldwork, this study proposed using geoinformatic technologies such as Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Global Positioning System (GPS) to monitor the mangrove recovery. The analysis focused only on the tsunami-impacted mangrove areas along the western coast of the Tai Muang, Takuapa and Khuraburi Districts of Phang Nga Province, southern region of Thailand. The results consisted of 2 parts, first: the supervised classification of main land uses, namely forest, mangrove, agricultural land, built-up area, bare soil, water body, and miscellaneous covers in ASTER images, was conducted using the maximum likelihood method with higher than 75% for overall accuracy. Once the confusion between classes was improved in post-processing, the accuracy of mangrove class was greater than 85% for all dates. The results showed that the mangrove area in 2005 was reduced by approximately 5% (1054.5 ha) from 2003 due to the impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Although the recovery program (replacing the same species of dead mangrove trees, mainly the Rhizophora apiculata Bl and Rhizophora mucronata Poir, in situ) had started by mid-2005, the areas gradually decreased to approximately 7-8% in 2006 and 2010 compared with the reference year of 2003. Second, the recovery trend was observed in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) fluctuation curve and the supporting field survey data. The recovery patterns were summarized into 2 categories: (i) gradually recovery, and (ii) fluctuating recovery. The gradually recovery category that implied the homogeneous pattern or uniform reforestation was observed in the seriously damaged area where most of the mangrove trees were swept away during the tsunami. This pattern covered approximately 50.35% of the total reforested area. The NDVI time series of the uniform or homogeneous reforested mangrove at the sampled plots has gradually increased after 2005. The fluctuating recovery category that implied the heterogeneous pattern or non-uniform reforestation was observed in partially damaged areas where some of the mangrove trees were swept away and broken but still some trees were remained in the area. The heterogeneous patterns covered approximately 49.65% of the total reforested area.

  271. TSUNAMI ATTACK EVALUATION AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR MOORED SMALL SHIPS IN A PORT 査読有り

    Eiichi Kobayashi, Kouhei Yurugi, Shunichi Koshimura

    OMAE2011: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 30TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, VOL 6 597-+ 2011年

    出版者・発行元:AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

    DOI: 10.1115/OMAE2011-49800  

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    There is increasing concern over the possibility of the occurrence of huge Toukai, Tonankai, and Nankai earthquakes in the Nankai Trough, located in the Pacific Ocean off Japan. It is estimated that there is a 50% probability of a tsunami being generated by an earthquake in this area over the next 30 years. A tsunami attack on the coast of Japan would not only increase the sea level, but would also create strong horizontal flows in bays and ports. In particular, along the coastal area of Osaka Bay, Japan, there are numerous small ports where pleasure ships and/or fishery boats are moored. Any small ships moored in these ports would be subject to violent motion by strong lateral flows, even if they are moored to each other. As a consequence, the mooring lines would be cut, ships would move uncontrollably, and causing damage to facilities. Thus, it is very important from the viewpoint of marine-disaster prevention to gain a better understanding of the motion of small vessels originating in tsunami flows and to develop countermeasures in the face of a tsunami attack. In this paper, basic analyses of the ship motions resulting from a tsunami attack are carried out, and possible countermeasures are investigated. First, we describe mathematical models approximating the flow of tsunami and the abrupt maneuvers of relatively small vessels while being moored. Next, numerical simulations of the lateral motion of moored ships resulting from a tsunami attack on a fishery port located in the Osaka Bay are carried out. Additionally, the possibility of relatively high tension to be generated along the mooring lines is evaluated. Finally, the results of computer simulations demonstrate that such hazardous phenomena can be addressed with appropriate countermeasures.

  272. Tsunami records due to the 2010 Chile Earthquake observed by GPS buoys established along the Pacific coast of Japan 査読有り

    Teruyuki Kato, Yukihiro Terada, Hitoyoshi Nishimura, Toshihiko Nagai, Shun&apos;ichi Koshimura

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 63 (6) E5-E8 2011年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.5047/eps.2011.05.001  

    ISSN:1343-8832

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    A GPS buoy operating about 10 km west of Cape Muroto, southwest Japan, recorded the tsunami due to the 2010 Central Chile Earthquake (M(w) 8.8) that occurred on 27 February, 2010. The tsunami due to the Chile Earthquake arrived at the GPS buoy almost one day after the earthquake. The first peak of the tsunami was about 12 cm above the mean sea level. The second peak arrived about one hour and 46 minutes later and was about 20 cm higher than the mean sea level, which was the highest peak among the series of the tsunami waves. The later phases of recognizable tsunami waves continued for about one day after the first arrival of the tsunami. Comparison of these tsunami records with numerically-predicted tsunami suggests that the observed tsunami arrived about 30 minutes later than the arrival time predicted by the numerical simulation. If we manually shift the record on the time series, we find that a longer term of about 1 hour period components fit very well whereas a shorter term of 10-30 minutes of tsunami components shows significant phase shifts. This difference of phase shifts might be due to the effect of dispersion of the tsunami wave.

  273. Tsunami Fragility and damage ratio of building along the Thailand coast 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Koshimura, S, Imamura, F

    The 3rd Thailand–Japan International Academic Conference 2010年11月19日

  274. 格子ボルツマン法による津波氾濫流の2D-3Dハイブリッド・シミュレーション 査読有り

    福井貴也, 越村俊一, 松山昌史

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 61-65 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.61  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    We develop a hybrid 2D-3D simulation of Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) that increases the capability of simulating offshore/nearshore tsunami propagation and coastal inundation. For that purpose, the following schemes are newly developed to reproduce the free-surface movement of inundation flow including water splash in front of the structure, and nesting schemes of 2D/3D model for more efficient simulation of wave propagation and inundation in wider area. The model is validated by laboratory experiments of dam break and bore propagation.

  275. 格子ボルツマン法による水・油二相流れの数値シミュレーション 査読有り

    荒木 健, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 66-70 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.66  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    In the past years, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has been developed and applied to simulate single phase flow with a free surface. In this paper, the free-surface tracking algorithms are newly implemented in a multi-phase LBM model to expand a capability of LBM to simulate a complex behavior of fluid flow. The model was verified by standard dam-break (single-phase) and oil-slick (two-phase) experiments and were found to be in good agreement with the results.

  276. GPUコンピューティングによる津波解析の高速化とリアルタイム浸水予測, 査読有り

    越村俊一, 香月恒介, 茂渡悠介

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 191-195 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.191  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Using Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) the authors conduct a development of real-time simulation model of tsunami propagation and coastal inundation. As a preliminary result we terminated the estimation of tsunami travel time and the maximum tsunami height within 8 minutes for 60 minutes of tsunami propagation. The future perspective to develop a tsunami warning system based on the realtime simulation is also discussed.

  277. 非線形分散波理論に基づく実用的な津波の河川遡上モデルの開発 査読有り

    村嶋陽一, 越村俊一, 岡 秀行, 村田泰洋, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 201-205 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.201  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The aim of this study is to develop the practical numerical analysis model of tsunami to reproduce run-up soliton fission waves in the river. We verify accuracy and the computing time about the developed model by using the large-scale flume experiment. It has been understood that scheme of advective term and evaluation of space grid size have an effect on numerical result. We study the evaluation of space grid size and the computing time necessary for the calculation of the run-up tsunami with a soliton fission waves in the river. In this study, numerical algorithm of the soliton fission waves proposed by Shigihara and Fujima(2007) is very useful to calculate practically.

  278. 非線形分散理論モデルによる十勝川津波遡上の再現計算と空間分解能の検討 査読有り

    村嶋陽一, 越村俊一, 岡 秀行, 村田泰洋, 鈴木崇之, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 206-210 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.206  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    This study calculated the numerical simulation of Tsunami on Tokachi river with a soliton fission waves and examined the spatial resolution whichi is necessary for it. The soliton fission waves were recorded on video in Tokachi river at 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. We analyzed this video and obtained the continuous location information of soliton fission waves. The numerical simulation of Tsunami run-up using nonlinear dispersive wave equations model was able to reproduce the soliton fission waves. It is necessary to use the space grid size of 1/20 or less of the wavelength of soliton fission waves to calculate the amplification of the wave height by soliton fission.

  279. 津波減衰過程のトレンドとばらつきの性質の遠地津波予測への活用可能性 査読有り

    林 豊, 今村文彦, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 211-215 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.211  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    In order to evaluate the decay process of far-field tsunamis, we have revised the definition of tsunami coda and related measures - moving root mean squared amplitude (MRMS amplitude), and non-dimensional tsunami amplitude (NDA) - in this paper. We applied these measures to the tsunami waveform data of 2006 and 2007 Kuril Island earthquake tsunamis observed by tidal stations located in Japan. Analytical results of tsunami coda of these events indicate that decay time constants obtained at tidal stations along the Pacific coast of Japan have only small differences. Further we confirmed that the NDA seldom exceed three times of MRMS amplitude. Then we show the possible application of utilizing these characteristics of tsunami decay process to realize appropriate cancelation of tsunami warnings.

  280. 津波来襲時における船舶漂流・座礁モデルを用いた臨海都市域危険度マップの開発 査読有り

    橋本貴之, 越村俊一, 小林英一, 藤井直樹, 高尾 誠

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 236-240 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.236  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Not only hydrodynamic forces of tsunami current cause serious damage, but also driftage by tsunami may cause additional damage in a port and harbor area. Especially, in the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, many stranded ships were observed. Therefore, when considering disaster prevention, the identification of expansion mechanisms of tsunami damage caused by drifted ships is very important. This study aims to develop a practical model to analyze the ship drifting and grounding motion by tsunami current. The simulated ship locus was consistent with the evidenced ship locus. And, as a hazard map, the potential damage due to ship drifting was evaluated by incorporating the possibility of collision with drifted ship.

  281. 海中音波観測による津波の検知と津波警報システムへの応用に関する研究 査読有り

    花谷仁志, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1321-1325 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1321  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    This research aims to discuss a possibility of tsunami early warning system with the observation of hydro-acoustic waves (T-phase) caused by sudden sea-bed disturbance by a fault rupture. The authors derived an analytical solution of sea surface disturbances of slightly compressible ocean when the limited width of sea bottom is uplifted on a uniform slope to push up overlying water with the speed of <i>V</i><sub>0</sub> and within the time duration of τ. Based on the analytical solutions obtained, we discuss the relationships between T-phase characteristics and the seismic parameters of rupture width, rise time and rupture velocity.

  282. 数値解析・GIS分析・衛星画像解析の統合による津波被災地探索技術 -2009年サモア諸島沖地震津波災害における実践と検証- 査読有り

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣, 行谷佑一, 西村裕一, 中村有吾, Gerard Fryer, Akapo Akapo, Laura Kong

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1361-1365 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1361  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The authors propose a method to search and detect the impact of tsunami disaster by integrating numerical modeling remote sensing and GIS technologies. This method consists of regional hazard/damage mapping identifying exposed population and satellite image interpretation in terms of structural damage. The method is implemented to the recent tsunami event the 2009 tsunami in American Samoa to identify the structural damage by the tsunami.

  283. 2010年チリ沖地震津波の数値解析と人口統計データに基づく被災地の探索 査読有り

    越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1356-1360 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1356  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The present paper reports a preliminary result of searching tsunami-affected area using recent advances of GIS analysis and remote sensing combined with a numerical modeling of tsunami propagation/inundation and world population database. Applying the method of searching tsunami affected area to the 2010 Chilean earthquake tsunami, the potential tsunami affected area have been detected at some coastal cities/communities from Biobio to Maule regions.

  284. 2009年サモア諸島沖地震津波の米領サモアにおける津波高さおよび被害の調査 査読有り

    行谷佑一, 越村俊一, 西村裕一, 中村有吾, Gerard Fryer, Akapo Akapo, Laura S, L. Kong

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1366-1370 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1366  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    A field survey of the 2009 Samoa earthquake tsunami was conducted on Tutuila Island, American Samoa, within a week of the event. At the western end of the island, the largest runup height was measured to be 16.3 m and almost all buildings were completely destroyed and/or washed away. In the east, runup or inundation heights were smaller (2-6 m), but buildings were severely damaged. At Pago Pago, main town of the island, inundation heights were around 4.5 m, and inundation limit is about 600 m from the coastline. The tsunami arrived 5-10 minutes after the mainshock. The death toll was low, because federal and territorial governments had together carried out an extensive public education program to explain tsunami hazard.

  285. 高分解能衛星画像のオブジェクトベース解析による津波被災地マップの作成と建物被害評価 査読有り

    萱場真太郎, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1421-1425 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1421  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The authors developed a method of object-based satellite image analysis using high-resolution post-tsunami satellite image to detect and map tsunami impact. The method is applied to QuickBird 4 band pan-sharpened composite image acquired in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, and the ground objects are classified into six ; vegetation, water, soil, building, road and debris, for mapping the impact of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake tsunami.

  286. 合成開口レーダーを利用した津波被害の面的把握 査読有り

    越村俊一, 松岡昌志

    土木学会論文集B2 66 (1) 1426-1430 2010年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.66.1426  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Using a capability of SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) image analysis, the authors develop a method for mapping tsunami affected area, focusing on the relationship the backscattering features between pre and post-event SAR images. The method was applied to Aonae district in Okushiri island which was the most devastated by the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-oki earthquake tsunami (Okushiri tsunami) to identify the the severity of structural damage with a fragility curve of pre-post SAR image features and probability of structural destruction.

  287. Developing the tsunami fragility curves for structural destruction along the thailand coast 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, S. Koshimura, F. Imamura

    第57回海岸工学講演会国際セッション講演集 1 16-20 2010年11月

  288. JST-JICA Project on Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation in Peru

    Yamazaki, F, S. Nakai, S. Koshimura, T. Saito, S. Midorikawa, C. Zavala, Z. Aguilar, M. Estrada

    Proc. 3rd Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering - Disaster Risk Reduction and Capability Building for Safer Environments 2010年11月

  289. Estimation of Damage Areas due to the 2010 Maule, Chile Earthquake Tsunami Using ASTER/DEM and ALOS/PALSAR Images

    Matsuoka, M, S. Koshimura

    Proc. 3rd Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering - Disaster Risk Reduction and Capability Building for Safer Environments 2010年11月

  290. Evaluation of countermeasures for a ship from attack 査読有り

    Kohei Yurugi, Eiichi Kobayashi, Shunichi Koshimura

    Proceedings of Techno Ocean 2010(CD-ROM) 2010年10月

  291. Searching tsunami affected area by the 2010 Chilean earthquake tsunami by integration of tsunami numerical model and satellite images 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, M. Matsuoka

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650196  

  292. Tsunami Damage Area Estimation for the 2010 Maule, Chile Earthquake Using ASTER DEM and PALSAR Images with the GEO Grid System

    Matsuoka, M, S. Koshimura

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

  293. Tsunami fragility curves and structural performance of building along the Thailand coast

    Suppasri, A, S. Koshimura, F. Imamura

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

  294. Developing tsunami fragility curves for structural destruction in American Samoa

    Gokon, H, S. Koshimura, M. Matsuoka

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

  295. Object-based image analysis to support numerical tsunami modeling

    Vu, T. T, S. Koshimura

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

  296. Shoreline Anomaly Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing - The Recent Updates after the December 2004 Tsunami in Phang Nga, Thailand

    Kamthonkiat, D, A. Saiwanrunrkul, S. Koshimura, M. Matsuoka

    Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management 2010年9月

  297. Tsunami damage reduction performance of a mangrove forest in Banda Aceh, Indonesia inferred from field data and a numerical model 査読有り

    H. Yanagisawa, S. Koshimura, T. Miyagi, F. Imamura

    JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS 115 2010年6月

    出版者・発行元:AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION

    DOI: 10.1029/2009JC005587  

    ISSN:0148-0227

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    Since the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the role of mangrove forests as natural defenses protecting coastal communities from tsunami disaster has been highlighted. However, some mangrove forests were destroyed by that tsunami. They are expected to have lost their protective functions. In this study, we develop a fragility function to assess the mangrove trees&apos; vulnerability, expressed as the damage probability of mangrove trees, based on field surveys and numerical modeling of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Based on the fragility function, we reconstruct a numerical model of tsunami inundation including the performance of mangrove forests in terms of reducing tsunami damage. The model reveals that a 10 year old mangrove forest in a 500 m wide area can reduce a tsunami&apos;s hydrodynamic force by approximately 70% for an incident wave of 3.0 m inundation depth and a wave period of 40 min at the shoreline. The model also shows, for a tsunami inundation depth of greater than 4 m, that a 10 year old mangrove forest would be mostly destroyed and that it would lose its force reduction capacity. Moreover, approximately 80% of a 30 year old mangrove forest would survive a 5 m tsunami and absorb 50% of the tsunami&apos;s hydrodynamic force.

  298. EFFECTS OF THE RUPTURE VELOCITY OF FAULT MOTION, OCEAN CURRENT AND INITIAL SEA LEVEL ON THE TRANSOCEANIC PROPAGATION OF TSUNAMI 査読有り

    Anawat Suppasri, Fumihiko Imamura, Shunichi Koshimura

    COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 52 (2) 107-132 2010年6月

    出版者・発行元:WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563410002142  

    ISSN:0578-5634

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    Numerical simulation of tsunami is an effective method to reproduce what has occurred in the past and to predict future events for many tsunami-related research issues including warning systems. However, some real phenomena have not been fully integrated into numerical simulations for transoceanic tsunamis such as fault dynamics of rupture velocity, ocean currents, and the initial sea level. Considering the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami event, this study evaluates the consequences of rupture velocity. Subsequently, numerical experiments were conducted to normalize the effects as represented by non-dimensional parameters. The rupture velocity, ocean current, and initial sea level were simplified to be uniform and common among simulations. Results of the experiment show that the sea depth along the propagation direction, distance from the tsunami source, rupture velocity, and initial sea level impart some considerable effects on a tsunami's arrival time and wave height. Nevertheless, ocean currents have almost no importance for the arrival time or wave height of oceanic propagation of tsunamis.

  299. Tsunami casualty estimation method and risk to coastal population along the Indian Ocean and South China Sea coast

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    Japan Geoscience Union meeting 2010年5月24日

  300. 1993年北海道南西沖地震津波の家屋被害の再考-津波被害関数の構築に向けて- 査読有り

    越村俊一, 萱場真太郎

    地震工学論文集 10 (3) 88-101 2010年5月

    出版者・発行元:JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

    DOI: 10.5610/jaee.10.3_87  

    ISSN:1884-6246

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    我が国の津波災害による家屋被害評価手法の高度化を目的として、1993年北海道南西沖地震津波の奥尻島青苗地区における航空写真の目視判読による家屋被害評価と津波氾濫解析とを統合して、新しい津波被害関数を構築した。津波被害関数は、家屋の大破・流失率と津波氾濫の流体力学的な諸量(最大浸水深、最大浸水高、最大流速、家屋単位幅あたりの最大抗力)との関連で表現し、想定される津波の諸量に対する家屋被害棟数を定量的に評価する新しい津波被害想定指標を構築することができた。

  301. Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis in Thailand perspective 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    The 3rd International Tsunami Field Symposium 2010年4月10日

  302. Recognition on tsunami evacuation in Southern Thailand at present

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    Coastal Engineering, Tohoku branch (JSCE) 2010年3月10日

  303. 2010 年チリ地震津波の数値解析による津波被災地の探索と被害の特徴 招待有り 査読有り

    越村俊一

    建築防災 393 39-47 2010年2月

  304. 高解像度衛星画像による2009年米領サモア地震津波被災地の解析

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一, 行谷 佑一, 西村 裕一, 中村 有吾

    津波工学研究報告 27 133-141 2010年

  305. A basic study on estimation of hydrodynamic forces acting on a ship hull by CFD

    Kimura, Y, E. Kobayashi, Y. Tahara, S. Koshimura

    Proceedings of the Advanced Maritime Engineering Conference 217-222 2010年

  306. SEARCHING TSUNAMI AFFECTED AREA BY INTEGRATING NUMERICAL MODELING AND REMOTE SENSING 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Masashi Matsuoka, Hideomi Gokon, Yuichi Namegaya

    2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM 3905-3908 2010年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650196  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    The present paper reports a preliminary result of searching tsunami-affected area using recent advances of GIS analysis and remote sensing combined with a numerical modeling of tsunami propagation/inundation and world population database. Applying the method of searching tsunami affected area to the 2009 Samoa earthquake tsunami and the 2010 Chilean earthquake tsunami, the potential tsunami affected area have been detected at some coastal cities/communities. The results are utilized to detecting tsunami impacted area for conducting disaster relief activities.

  307. TSUNAMI MONITORING SYSTEM USING GPS BUOY - PRESENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK 招待有り 査読有り

    Teruyuki Kato, Yukihiro Terada, Toshihiko Nagai, Shun'ichi Koshimura

    2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM 3043-3046 2010年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5654449  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    A new tsunami observation system has been developed, which employs the RTK-GPS technique to detect a tsunami before it reaches the coast. After a series of preliminary experimental studies, the operation-oriented experiments were conducted at two offshore sites. These systems succeeded to detect four 10cm tsunamis on 23rd June 2001 Peru earthquake, 26th September 2003 Tokachi earthquake, 5th September 2004 Kii earthquake and 28th February 2010 Chile earthquake. The newly established Muroto GPS buoy system is continuously operating now. The developed GPS buoy system has been adopted as a part of the NOWPHAS by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. These GPS buoys successfully recorded the tsunami of the 28th February 2010 Chile earthquake (Mw8.6). These results well substantiate of a GPS buoy to be a powerful tool for early detection of tsunami. On going and future potential development of the system include (1) continuous observing system of ocean bottom crustal deformation using GPS-Acoustic system, (2) observation of tropospheric zenith delay for application to atmospheric research through estimating water vapor content, but its potential capability may not be limited only to these.

  308. ESTIMATION OF BUILDING DAMAGE RATIO DUE TO EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS USING SATELLITE SAR IMAGERY 査読有り

    Masashi Matsuoka, Shunichi Koshimura, Nobuoto Nojima

    2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM 3347-3349 2010年

    出版者・発行元:IEEE

    DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650550  

    ISSN:2153-6996

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    In order to expand the existing C-band SAR based damage estimation model into L-band SAR, this paper introduces a likelihood function to estimate severe damage ratio by earthquakes on the basis of dataset from JERS-1/SAR (L-band SAR) images observed the 1995 Kobe earthquake and its detailed ground truth data. The model is applied to JERS1/SAR images taken over the tsunami affected areas by the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-oki, Japan earthquake.

  309. 津波被害関数の構築 査読有り

    越村俊一, 行谷佑一, 柳澤英明

    土木学会論文集B 65 (4) 320-331 2009年12月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejb.65.320  

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    津波数値解析技術の高度化およびリモートセンシング技術・地理情報システム(GIS)の普及を背景に,新しい津波被害想定指標としての津波被害関数の概念とその構築手法を提案した.津波被害関数とは,津波による家屋被害や人的被害の程度を被害率(または死亡率)として確率的に表現し,津波浸水深,流速,波力といった津波の流体力学的な諸量の関数として記述するものである.本稿では,被災地の衛星画像,数値解析,現地調査結果および歴史資料の分析を通じて被害関数を構築し,津波外力と被害程度の関係についての考察を行うとともに,被害関数の適用性や工学的利用にあたっての留意点について論じた.

  310. 1994年フィリピン・ミンドロ地震津波災害における復興対策の長期的効果に関する研究 査読有り

    奥村与志弘, 原田賢治, Edison Gica, 高橋智幸, 越村俊一, 鈴木進吾, 河田惠昭

    土木学会地震工学論文集 30 (1) 637-644 2009年12月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/jscejseee.65.637  

    ISSN:2185-4653

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    本研究は,被災後の居住規制により移住を余儀なくされた被災者の生活再建や地域社会の復興状況、および、それらを支援する中央・地方政府などの活動の長期的効果の把握を目的として実施した1994年フィリピン・ミンドロ地震津波災害による被害を受けた集落への現地調査の結果をまとめたものである.その結果,「Food-for-Work」と呼ばれる住宅再建手法などが効果的に作用し,政府による移住地開発は一定の成功を収めていることが分かった.ただし,さらに今後の動向には,土地所有者証明書の早期の発行や家庭をも巻き込んだ防災教育の継続が重要であることも分かった.

  311. Tsunami Fragility - A new measure to assess tsunami damage 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, Y. Namegaya, H. Yanagisawa

    Journal of Disaster Research 4 (6) 479-488 2009年12月

  312. Tsunami hazard potential to coastal population in Thailand 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    The 2nd Thailand–Japan International Academic Conference 2009年11月20日

  313. 津波コーダとエンベロープの遠地津波予測への活用可能性-その定義と2006年千島列島沖地震津波への適用- 査読有り

    林 豊, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 276-280 2009年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.276  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    As the first step toward forecasting the decay process of far-field tsunamis, we have introduced the concept of using "tsunami envelopes" and "tsunami codas" as measures in this paper. We applied these measures to the tsunami waveform data of the 2006 Kuril Island earthquake tsunami observed using tide gauges located in Japan. Analytical results indicate that the tsunami coda envelopes decayed exponentially with time and that the fluctuation in the nondimensional wave amplitude was interpreted by the Rayleigh distribution. Further, we found that these characteristics were commonly observed in the region facing the Pacific Ocean. Thus, the two measures can be used to reveal the characteristics of the tsunami decay process, and applying them to tsunami waveforms in realtime might realize appropriate cancelation of tsunami warnings.

  314. 1945年パキスタン・Makran地震津波に基づくパキスタン沿岸域での津波ハザードの検討 査読有り

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 今村文彦, 渡辺弘之, 江頭達郎

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 306-310 2009年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.306  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Tsunami hazard assessment along the coast of Pakistan was carried out based on modeling of the 1945 Makran tsunami. We first modeled the 1945 Makran tsunami, which is the largest recorded tsunami in Pakistan, to examine its hydrodynamic feature. As a result, we found that the arrival time of maximum tsunami wave at Pakistan coast is prone to be late because tsunami waves are trapped and duplicated on continental shelf with a gentle slope. We further simulated potential tsunami hazard in Pakistan coast developing the scenarios based on historic earthquakes. The results showed that 5 -10 m tsunami would strike Ormara and Gwadar city, which are populated areas in Pakistan coast.

  315. 海山列に着目した遠地津波の最大波遅延要因の分析と予報精度向上に向けての課題 査読有り

    宗本金吾, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 286-290 2009年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.286  

  316. 格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流れの解析 査読有り

    荒木 健, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 56-60 2009年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.56  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has been developed as a new and robust numerical model to solve the fluid dynamics. In this study, we applied LBM for free surface flow, which Shallow-water approximation cannot provide accurate estimation. LBM was tested in some benchmark problems and laboratory experiment. The model results are in good agreement with dam-break experiment, including the movement of free surface of water body, splash against the upper wall, and a wave traveling back to the other side of the tank. Through the model validation, we found that LBM can be applied to simulate the complex behavior in tsunami wave front.

  317. 津波による大型船舶の漂流挙動解析 査読有り

    橋本貴之, 越村俊一, 小林英一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 316-320 2009年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.316  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    Hydrodynamic forces of tsunami current may cause additional damage by drifting ships or vessels in a harbor area. This study focuses on the damage mechanisms of drifted large ship, and aims to develop a model to analyze the large ship drifting motion by tsunami current. The model is implemented to Banda Aceh, Indonesia, to simulate the drift of a 2500-ton power plant barge of 63m-long which was drifted approximately 2.4 km inland by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. In the model, the ship started drifting by the first wave, toward several kilometers inland from the original position. We found that the simulated grounding position was consistent with the evidenced position in the middle of Banda Aceh city.

  318. 地表物の分光反射特性を考慮した都市域津波被災地の衛星画像解析 査読有り

    萱場真太郎, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 1412-1425 2009年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.1421  

    ISSN:1884-2399

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    In the present study, the authors conduct an analysis to classify the post-tsunami satellite imagery and to detect the tsunami impact, by taking an integrated approach of supervised classification, and object detection with feature extraction. The QuickBird 4 band pan-sharpened composite imagery acquired in Banda Aceh, Indonesia is classified into five classes ; vegetation, water, soil, building and debris, to understand the impact of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake tsunami.

  319. 格子ボルツマン法による津波解析コード構築に向けた実地形適用に関する研究 査読有り

    越村俊一, 村上和幸

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 65 (1) 256-260 2009年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.65.256  

  320. Tsunami casualty estimation in coastal area neighboring the Indian Ocean and South China Sea 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    3rd International Conference on Estuaries & Coasts 2009年9月13日

  321. Developing fragility functions for tsunami damage estimation using numerical model and post–tsunami data from Banda Aceh, Indonesia 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, T. Oie, H. Yanagisawa, F. Imamura

    Coastal Engineering Journal 51 (3) 243-273 2009年9月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563409002004  

    ISSN:2166-4250

    eISSN:1793-6292

  322. Hazard potential from tsunami sources surrounding Thailand 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    3rd National Convention on Water Resource Engineering, Thailand 2009年8月6日

  323. Analysis of ship drifting motion by tsunami 査読有り

    Takayuki Hashimoto, Shunichi Koshimura, Eiichi Kobayashi

    International Tsunami Symposium 2009年7月

  324. The 1755 Lisbon Tsunami : Tsunami Source Determination and its Validation 査読有り

    Santos, A, S. Koshimura, F. Imamura

    Journal of Disaster Research 4 (1) 41-52 2009年2月

  325. Tsunami disaster assessment in the southwestern Pacific countries due to giant earthquakes near Japan 査読有り

    T. Takahashi, S. Koshimura, K. Harada, S. Suzuki, Y. Okumura, Y. Kawata

    WIT Transactions on the Built Environment 108 495-506 2009年

    DOI: 10.2495/SAFE090461  

    ISSN:1743-3509

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    The southwestern Pacific Ocean is prone to significant tsunami risk due to giant earthquakes generated near Japan. In this study, two huge tsunamis in the Japan Trench and the Nankai Trough were assumed. They have been called the Sanriku Earthquake Tsunami and the Tonankai-Nankai Earthquake Tsunami. To check the uncertainty of the tsunami model, four more models that intensify the dislocations of half of the tsunami sources were assessed. The computed tsunami energy distributions show that the Sanriku Tsunami propagates mainly toward the central Pacific Ocean and has little effect on the southwestern Pacific countries. On the other hand, the tsunami in the Nankai Trough propagates mainly toward the southwestern Pacific Ocean because of the Mariana Trench. In many cities, the water level exceeds 50 cm. Further, there are some observation stations along the path of the tsunami propagation and they might be useful for a far field tsunami warning system in this region. © 2009 WIT Press.

  326. 津波による大型船舶漂流・座礁の数値シミュレーション 査読有り

    橋本 貴之, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    日本流体力学会年会2009 拡張要旨集、論文番号25043 247-247 2009年

    出版者・発行元:日本流体力学会

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    Hydrodynamic forces of tsunami current may cause additional damage by drifting ships in a harbor area. This study focuses on the damage mechanisms of drifted large ship, and aims to develop a model to analyze the large ship drifting motion by tsunami current. The model is implemented to Banda Aceh, Indonesia, to simulate the drift of the power plant barge which was drifted approximately 2.4km inland by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. In the model, we found that the simulated grounding position was consistent with the evidenced position.

  327. Damage to Mangrove Forest by 2004 Tsunami at Pakarang Cape and Namkem, Thailand 査読有り

    H. Yanagisawa, S. Koshimura, K. Goto, T. Miyagj, F. Imamura, A. Ruangrassamee, C. Tanavud

    POLISH JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 18 (1) 35-42 2009年

    出版者・発行元:HARD

    ISSN:1230-1485

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    We investigated damage to mangroves from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami at Pakarang Cape and Namkem, Thailand. Visual inspection of remotely sensed images revealed that 12 and 20 ha of mangrove forests were damaged, respectively, at Pakarang Cape and Namkem. Field surveys revealed that mangrove trees were destroyed particularly around the river mouths and channels. Numerical simulation indicated that the flow concentrated at the river mouth and inundated mangrove forests through river channels. We concluded that the tsunami flow pattern was largely affected by local river Mouth and channel topography Damage to mangroves might be severe in such areas.

  328. The reduction effects of mangrove forest on a tsunami based on field surveys at Pakarang Cape, Thailand and numerical analysis 査読有り

    Yanagisawa, H, S. Koshimura, K. Goto, T. Miyagi, F. Imamura, A. Ruangrassamee, C. Tanavud

    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 81 (1) 27-37 2009年1月

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2008.10.001  

    ISSN:0272-7714

  329. リモートセンシング技術を用いた新しい津波災害研究の展開 招待有り 査読有り

    越村俊一

    自然災害科学 27 (3) 249-256 2009年

    出版者・発行元:自然災害科学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  330. Comparison among the proposed source models for the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami 査読有り

    Suppasri, A, Imamura, F, Koshimura, S

    The 1st Thailand–Japan International Academic Conference, 2008年11月21日

  331. 津波遡上計算におけるメッシュ分割の影響に関する基礎検討 査読有り

    村嶋陽一, 今村文彦, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 236-240 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.236  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    Mesh division of geographic model effects on results of run-up tsunami simulation. Recently, approximate accuracy ofgeographic models increase with using LIDAR (airborne laser). And run-up tsunami simulation using mesh of severalmeters came to be done. In this study, we study effects of mesh division on inundation area of run-up tsunami simulation.To exclude the effects of various conditions of the tsunami simulation, we designed the simplified probability calculationmodel. The calculation model determines the reaching probability of tsunami inundation area. As a result, the tendencythat inundation area of run-up tsunami simulation decreases as mesh size decrease was theoretically confirmed.

  332. 千島海溝で発生する津波の後続波の特性に関する研究 査読有り

    宗本金吾, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 296-300 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.296  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    We discuss the characteristics of the later-phase tsunamis accompanied with earthquakes along the Kuril trench, based on the numerical modeling of trans-oceanic tsunamis and the analysis of observed tsunami waveforms. The model results suggest that the later-phase tsunami is caused by edge waves or scattering waves from the seamounts, depending on the tsunami source location; tsunami energy radiated from south of 46° N can result edge waves andnorth of 46° N to 49°N can be scattering waves. Also, we found that analyzing the time evolution of Fourier spectra of observed tsunami waveforms can identify the cause of later-phase tsunamis and can be used to decide the timing of tsunami warning cancellation after it's issued.

  333. 2004 年インド洋大津波におけるマングローブ林のフラジリティー関数 査読有り

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 宮城豊彦, 今村文彦

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 256-290 2008年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.286  

  334. 高解像度衛星画像を利用した津波被害の把握手法に関する研究 査読有り

    萱場真太郎, 越村俊一, 村嶋陽一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 1456-1460 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.1456  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    The authors propose a method to detect the structural damage due to tsunami inundation flow, by using the visual interpretation and analysis of high-resolution optical satellite imagery. The method is implemented to the recent tsunami event, the 2007 Solomon Islands earthquake tsunami, to identify the damage probabilities within the inundation zone and construct the fragility function (damage probability to tsunami height), combined with the post-tsunami survey data.

  335. 多目的ブイを用いたネットワーク型津波警報システムの人的被害軽減効果に関する研究 査読有り

    竹内雅彦, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 1416-1420 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.1416  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    The authors assess the capability of multi-purpose buoy system for tsunami warning, by calculating the number of potential tsunami casualty. The method is developed by integration of tsunami numerical models and GIS analysis with population database and fragility functions. The present method is applied to the potential tsunami events along the Sunda megathrust to assess the effect of tsunami casualty mitigation by implementing international/regional tsunami observation network of multi-purpose buoy system. The results imply that the international tsunami observation network can contribute to reduce the tsunami casualty along the Indian Ocean countries up to 60% by expecting the lead time to issue the early warning.

  336. 格子ボルツマン法に基づく津波遡上シミュレーション手法の開発 査読有り

    大家隆行, 越村俊一, 荒木健

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 55 221-225 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.55.221  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has been developed as a new and promising numerical model to solve the fluiddynamics. In the present study, the applicability of LBM for the Shallow Water Equations is discussed in terms of tsunamirun--up problem and its accuracy that relates spatial resolution. As a result, we found that LBM can be applied tothe tsunami run--up problems, and the LBM Solution has the accuracy as same as that of Finite Difference Method inthe same spatial resolution.

  337. 認知的不協和を考慮した津波避難行動モデルの開発–避難シミュレーションへの心理的要素の導入– 査読有り

    佐藤太一, 河野達仁, 越村俊一, 山浦一保, 今村文彦

    地域安全学会論文集 10 (10) 393-399 2008年11月

    出版者・発行元:地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

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    Many evacuation simulation models have been developed. However, all the models exogenously set the rate of evacuation and the evacuation route which are inherently determined by residents. With the exogenous settings, these models can not follow the change in the residents' behavior according to changes in policies. Therefore, it is necessary to model residents who evacuate based on their individual rationality. And now, it is known in particular that residents will not evacuate by some psychological factors (e.g. cognitive dissonance). This paper, focusing on cognitive dissonance as psychological factors, constructs an evacuation model incorporating individual rationality and cognitive dissonance. As a result, we show the effects of cognitive dissonance on the residents' evacuation.

  338. Guidelines and considerations for ship evacuation from a tsunami attack 査読有り

    Eiichi Kobayashi, Shunichi Koshimura, Shouta Yoneda, Nobukazu Wakabayashi

    Proceedings of the 9th Annual General Assembly International Association of Maritime Universities pp.385-398 536-542 2008年10月

  339. 多目的ブイを用いた津波警報システムの人的被害軽減効果と要求性能に関する研究 (<特集>安全で快適な都市システムの実現をめざして(ICUS))

    竹内 雅彦, 越村 俊一, 目黒 公郎

    生産研究 60 (3) 103-106 2008年5月

    出版者・発行元:東京大学

    DOI: 10.11188/seisankenkyu.60.271  

    ISSN:0037-105X

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    スマトラ沖地震津波以降, 太平洋津波警報システムのインド洋地域への適用が進められているが, このシステムは高価で技術的にも扱うのが難しく, 維持管理の持続可能性には大きな不安がある.そこで本研究は, 安価で維持管理しやすく日常的に利用可能なシステムとして「多目的ブイを用いた津波警報システム」を提案し, 本システムの導入による人的被害軽減効果の検証と要求性能に関する検討を行った.津波シミュレーションに基づく被害の推計結果からは多目的ブイシステムの津波対策としての有効性が示唆された.[本要旨はPDFには含まれない]

  340. タイ南西部における津波災害復興調査

    沖村 孝, 越村 俊一, 原田 賢治

    神戸大学都市安全研究センター研究報告 12 109-118 2008年3月

    出版者・発行元:神戸大学都市安全研究センター

    DOI: 10.24546/81001124  

    ISSN:1342-9167

  341. 津波来襲時のLNG船の避難ガイドラインの検討 査読有り

    小林 英一, 若林 伸和, 越村 俊一, 米田 翔太

    第20回海洋工学シンポジウム 2008年

  342. Evacuation assessment of a large passenger vessel due to tsunami attack 査読有り

    Pitana, T, E. Kobayashi, S. Koshimura, K. Onoda, Rusmanto

    日本船舶海洋工学論文集 8 (8) 205-217 2008年

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.2534/jjasnaoe.8.205  

    ISSN:1880-3717

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    Disaster mitigation management is considered a very important aspect in marine catastrophes, such as a tsunami, especially because drifting ships containing passengers and hazardous substances can cause a huge disaster in a port. It has already been analyzed that at the arrival of a tsunami, it is very hazardous for a large passenger vessel to evacuate passengers first. In this study, the assessment of evacuation at Osaka Bay in Japan is based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data used as input for a Discrete Event Simulation (DES), which assesses ship evacuation time and using the Geographic Information System (GIS) to determine the locus of ships. The location of ship evacuation is decided in the anchorage area since the time needed for a ship to evacuate outside Osaka Bay is more than the predicted time of a tsunami arrival. In this paper, a preliminary proposed safe area for evacuation is evaluated and the possibility of large passenger vessel evacuation is shown.

  343. Effect of the Emperor seamounts on trans-oceanic propagation of the 2006 Kuril Island earthquake tsunami 査読有り

    S. Koshimura, Y. Hayashi, K. Munemoto, F. Imamura

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 35 (2) 2008年1月

    出版者・発行元:AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION

    DOI: 10.1029/2007GL032129  

    ISSN:0094-8276

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    The effect of tsunami wave scattering by the Emperor seamounts on the propagation of the 2006 Kuril Island earthquake tsunami is demonstrated, using the finite difference method. The model results indicate that the contribution of the Emperor seamounts on the maximum tsunami energy along the Pacific coast of Japan is found to be as much as 50% or more. Also, analysis of the spectral evolution of observed tsunami records in Japan suggests that the scattering waves from the Emperor seamounts possibly dominate the wave components at periods of 4 to 17 minutes.

  344. 2006年千島列島沖地震津波の伝幡特性における天皇海山列の影響評価 査読有り

    越村俊一, 宗本金吾, 大家隆行, 柳澤英明, 阿部郁男, 今村文彦

    海岸工学論文集 54 171-175 2007年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.171  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    Focusing on the scattering of tsuanmi energy by the seamounts, this study aims to discuss the effect of Emperor seamounts on the tsunami propagation of the 2006 Kuril Island tsunami, using a finite difference method. The model results suggest that the contribution of Emperor seamounts on the maximum tsunami energy along the Pacific coast of Japan is as much as 50 % or more. Also, the spectral analysis of the observed tsunami records in Japan indicates that the scattering waves from Kinmei seamount dominate the wave components of 8-20 minutes in its wave period, which is consistent with the theory of Longuet-Higgins (1967).

  345. 津波防災施設計画への高精度地形モデルの利用と必要精度, 査読有り

    村嶋陽一, 今村文彦, 越村俊一, 中村茂, 北沢良之, 並川和敬

    海岸工学論文集 54 1371-1375 2007年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.1371  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    In this study, run-up tsunami simulation with high-resolution topographic model is applied for design of tsunami countermeasure such as sea wall and breakwater in the case of coastal area in Sanriku. The topographic model of 10m grid DEM (Digital Elevation Model) is made by LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. Theresolution of the altitude of LiDAR data is 15 cm. The behaviors of tsunami on the land with three plans of the countermeasure in the coast are carried out using tsunami simulation and compared. The effect to reduce the inundation area and damage, and the coast to construct them for each plan are discussed.

  346. 津波防災に対する住民・海岸利用者の意識と対策立案者の認識との相違に関する調査 査読有り

    岡安章夫, 武若 聡, 中野 晋, 村上啓介, 荒木進歩, 森 信人, 青木伸一, 今村文彦, 越村俊一, 佐藤愼司

    海岸工学論文集 54 1336-1340 2007年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.1336  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    Questionnaire surveys were conducted to investigate discrepancies between consciousness of citizens for tsunami disaster prevention assumed by administrations and actual consciousness of residents and visitors in tsunami vulnerable areas. It was found that the residents expect hardware measures (structures) against tsunami attacks, whereas visitors prefer software measures for evacuation. It is important to guide citizens toward software measures and give appropriatei nstructionsf or effectivee vacuation. Citizenws ho have experienceo ft sunamia ttack orlivingn ear the coastlineh ave clear images for threat of tsunamis.Goodc ommunicationb etween administrationsa nd citizensc an restrain the reduction of efficiencyf or tsunamip rotectionm easures.

  347. 2004年インド洋大津波におけるインドネシア・バンダアチェでのマングローブ林の潜在的減災効果 査読有り

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 宮城豊彦, 大家隆之, 今村文彦

    海岸工学論文集 54 246-250 2007年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.246  

  348. 津波来襲時の海上ハザードマップ作成要件の検討 査読有り

    大橋太郎, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    海岸工学論文集 54 1351-1355 2007年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.1351  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    The fishing boat damage and its reduction plan are discussed in the present study through developing hazard maps in the sea. Although the countermeasures on the land against the tsunami attack have been developed by constructing sea walls and creating hazard maps, but one in the sea is less at the present. The evacuation flow for fishing boat is discussed by the process of issuing warning and making decision and action, depending on the location of occurrence of tsunami and that time. A hazard map on the sea could be made by adding the information of tsunami arrival time, maximum water level and velocity and boat damage index developed in the present study.

  349. 1964年新潟地震時における地盤沈下・液状化を考慮した津波浸水・油流出の再現 査読有り

    岩渕洋子, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    海岸工学論文集 54 1355-1360 2007年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.54.1356  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    The destruction of storage of flammable materials by the hydrodynamic force of tsunami may result spread of large fires, flammable materials such as spilled oiland ignited material advected and diffused by the tsunami current in a harbor oron inundation land. To prevent damage from spreading in tsunamis and oil spills and functional decline in harbors, we carried out numerical simulation for oil spreading in the 1964 Niigata Earthquake Tsunami, in which the initial conditionsof land, water level, and oil are carefully given by considering the fault motion, liquefaction, and storage of oil. We proposed some conventional method to estimate each initial condition in the tsunami simulation.

  350. 2006年千島列島沖地震津波による宮城県内での漁船被害の現地調査

    大橋 太郎, 後田 紘一, 後藤 和久, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    津波工学研究報告 24 33-37 2007年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  351. 1 津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する一検討

    米田 翔太, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 南場 昌平, 島之上 雅也

    日本船舶海洋工学会論文集 (5) 1-7 2007年

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.2534/jjasnaoe.5.1  

    ISSN:1880-3717

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    It is concerned about the occurrence of huge earthquake on Nankai Trugh off the coast of Shikoku such as Tokai, Tou-Nankai and Nankai earthquake. Tsunami attack by the earthquake will generate not only the raise of sea surface but strong horizontal current in the Osaka bay. There are some manuals for ship evacuation which describe only that ship in harbor should leave the port immediately. Moreover there are so many ships that are navigating and moving. Therefore, it is very important for marine disaster prevention to upgrade the manual of ship evacuation in tsunami attack. We carried out several kinks of preliminary simulation of ship evacuation from tsunami attack in Osaka bay for the purpose of contribution to the improvement of such manuals under the background. The results show that it is difficult for every ship to evacuate to outside of Osaka bay through Tomogashima channel and Akashi straits. But it is possible to evacuate to nearest anchorage zone of each port. The manual will be improved by piling such examinations as evacuation simulation

  352. A survey of discrepancies between assumed and actual demands and knowledge of citizens for tsunami disaster prevention 査読有り

    Akio Okayasu, Satoshi Takewaka, Susumu Nakano, Keisuke Murakami, Susumu Araki, Nobuhito Mori, Shin-ichi Aoki, Fumihiko Imamura, Shun-ichi Koshimura, Shinji Satoo

    ASIAN AND PACIFIC COASTS 2007 303-306 2007年

    出版者・発行元:CHINA OCEAN PRESS

  353. 巨大津波災害の広域被害評価 招待有り 査読有り

    越村俊一

    第四紀研究 46 (6) 499-508 2007年

    出版者・発行元:日本第四紀学会

    DOI: 10.4116/jaqua.46.499  

    ISSN:0418-2642

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    巨大津波災害発生直後の激甚被災地を探索する技術として,沿岸の人口統計データと津波数値解析とを統合した津波曝露人口指標に基づく手法を提案した.2004年インド洋大津波災害を例として本手法のケーススタディを実施し,その評価手法の有効性と意義を議論した.また,近年発展が著しいリモートセンシング技術との融合による早期津波被災地の探索技術の発展について,2007年ソロモン諸島地震津波の解析例を踏まえてその展望を述べた.

  354. 津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する一検討 査読有り

    米田翔太, 小林英一, 越村俊一, 南場昌平, 島ノ上雅也

    日本船舶海洋工学論文集 5 177-182 2007年

  355. マングローブ林内を遡上した津波の挙動と樹木の破壊条件 査読有り

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 後藤和久, 今村文彦, 宮城豊彦, 林一成

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 231-235 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.231  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    タイ南西部Khao Lakを対象に, 2004年インド洋大津波に関する樹木の被害調査および津波の数値解析を行い, 津波の挙動と倒木の関連性について検討した. 被害調査では, まず津波による倒木形態を五つに分類し, その状況について整理した. また, 河川周辺のマングローブ林における調査では, 倒木の方向や漂流物の状況より, 津波が河川を遡上する流れを確認した. 数値解析では, 津波高, 浸水域および流動状況と観測記録を比較し, 妥当性を検証した. その後, 津波の計算流速を利用し倒木状況と比較した結果, 流速と樹径の関係から倒木の有無が明瞭に分かれ, 破壊限界線を示すことができた.

  356. リアルタイム観測情報を用いた津波予報の段階的修正法 査読有り

    大垣圭一, 安間友輔, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 216-220 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.216  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    気象庁の量的予報は即時性に優れるものの, 震源情報の推定誤差や予報に用いる数値モデルの地形解像度, 予報区自体の広さなどが原因で, その予報精度に課題を抱えている. これらの問題を打開するために, 本研究では, 現在検討が進められているARENAやGPS津波計などの沖合津波観測計画を想定し, リアルタイム観測データを利用して津波予測値を段階的に修正する手法を開発した.

  357. 津波の陸上遡上域における油・水輸送問題の数値実験 査読有り

    岩渕洋子, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    海岸工学論文集 53 1361-1365 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.1361  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    津波の被害は, 海水の氾濫によるものに加え, 港での可燃物流出が大規模延焼火災を引き起こすといった複合的な被害も報告されている. しかしながら従来は, 過去の事例や, 津波氾濫特性と港湾施設の状況から, 被害を概略的かつ定性的に類推するにとどまっており, 実際に可燃物の流出を動的に考慮した被害推定法は少ない. 著者らは, 水と油の相互作用を考慮した2層流モデルを開発し, 津波によって運ばれる重油の動的解析の基礎的検討をおこなった. 具体的には, 津波遡上域での油層の移流状況について, 水・油の界面抵抗や2層の密度比を変化させて観察し, 実現象を安定かつ良好に再現するための課題と展望を示した.

  358. 1964年新潟地震津波にみる港湾域での複合災害の実態と今後の課題 査読有り

    岩渕洋子, 今村文彦, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 1326-1330 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.1326  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    エネルギー施設, 物流拠点として高度利用されている我が国の港湾の津波被災が社会に与える影響は甚大である. しかし, 船舶・漂流物の衝突による危険物流出や大規模延焼火災といった, 津波の氾濫に伴って複合・連鎖的に発生する被害の実態は十分解明されておらず, 対策が急務であるにも関わらず被災シナリオさえも明らかになっていない. 1964年新潟地震津波では, 地震動による液状化や地盤沈下および津波遡上の複合による大規模延焼火災といった被害も報告されており, 本研究では, 港湾の複合津波災害の被災シナリオ作成のために, この被災事例に着目し文献調査および数値計算の双方から複合災害の実態を整理するとともに, 対策の課題をまとめる.

  359. 津波の発生に及ぼす断層破壊の動的特性の影響 査読有り

    河田恵昭, 奥村与志弘, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 291-295 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.291  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2004年インド洋大津波は, 北側のセグメントでゆっくりとした滑りが発生していたと指摘されている. 数10分程度のライズタイムを考える場合, 津波の波形は永久変位をそのまま海面に反映させる従来の方法を用いて予想されるものと大きく異なったものになる可能性がある. そこで, 本研究では, 断層破壊の動的特性を考慮した津波伝播計算手法を用いて, 断層破壊の動的特性が津波に与える影響を, ライズタイム, 破壊伝播速度, 卓越周期, 最大波高の関連で明らかにする.

  360. PCクラスタを用いたリアルタイム津波予測手法の開発とその活用に関する研究 査読有り

    鈴木進吾, 越村俊一, 河田恵昭

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 1331-1335 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.1331  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    地域に来襲する地震津波を発震後に正確かつ精細に予測することは, 事中や直後の被害抑止軽減行動を確実に行う上で重要な要素である. 本研究では, 即時津波解析を, 汎用機を多数接続したPCクラスタを用いて行う方法を開発し, これを地域へ分散配置することによって, 地域に即したきめ細かな予測を行う実現性を, 計算資源と速度の関係で考察した. この手法を東南海・南海地震津波によって被災が想定されている各地域に適用した場合, 津波来襲特性によって避難情報としては間に合わない地域があるものの, 精細な即時津波解析によって, 津波来襲状況の迅速な把握, 警戒体制の解除に資する津波収束予測が可能であることが分かった.

  361. 2004年インド洋大津波によるバンダ・アチェ市街地の津波氾濫解析と被害評価 査読有り

    大家隆行, 越村俊一, 柳澤英明, 今村文彦

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 53 221-205 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.53.221  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    インドネシア, バンダ・アチェ市街地を対象として, 2004年インド洋大津波の再現計算を実施し, 被害評価を行った. 得られた数値解析結果に基づき, アチェ市の行政区画毎の家屋・人的被害実績を用いてGIS分析を行った結果, アチェ市では津波浸水深が2mを超えると甚大な建物被害が発生し始め, 人的被害についても浸水深2-3mを境に増大することが分かった. 最後に, アチェ市の人口統計データを用いて, 津波の氾濫過程に応じた津波影響人口の時間的推移を求めた結果, 今回の津波浸水による人的被害発生のリスクに曝された住民は, 市全体の人口の約半数にあたることが分かった.

  362. 災害時要援護者に対する津波避難支援意識の評価と体制確立に向けての地域展開 査読有り

    神尾久, 越村俊一, 今村文彦

    地域安全学会論文集 8 (8) 315-322 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

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    It is recently recognized that effective disaster prevention schemes for vulnerable people is highly required. Hawever, roles of residents as members of an autonomous community to play have not been well cleared. The present study aims to investigate the role of individuals for supporting elderly people's evacuation activity from the tsunami hazard using a questionnaire survey with AHP analysis. Also, SWOT analysis is deployed to find out the roles for residents to play in a practical way.

  363. A method for estimating casualties due to the tsunami inundation flow 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Toshitaka Katada, Harold O. Mofjeld, Yoshiaki Kawata

    Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Volume 5: Water Pollution 39 (2) 265-274 2006年10月

    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-006-0027-5  

    ISSN:1433-6863

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    This study develops a method for estimating the number of casualties that may occur while people evacuate from an inundation zone when a tsunami has inundated an area. The method is based on a simple model of hydrodynamic forces as they affect the human body. The method uses a Tsunami casualty index (TCI) computed at each grid point of a numerical tsunami model to determine locations and times within the tsunami inundation zone where evacuation during the tsunami inundation is not possible and therefore where casualties are likely to occur. The locations and times can be combined with information about population density to compute the potential number of casualties. This information is useful in developing tsunami evacuation routes that avoid such locations. To illustrate the method, it is applied to the Seattle waterfront in Washington State, USA, that is under the threat of possible tsunami disasters due to Seattle Fault earthquakes. Preliminary results suggest that the tsunami casualties may occur within the Seattle waterfront for 15 min, during the time interval from 3 to 18 min after a large Seattle Fault tsunami is generated when the background tide level is mean high water. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006.

  364. Proposal for a tsunami hazard chart of Osaka Bay 査読有り

    Mitsuru HAYASHI, Masayoshi KUBO, Eiichi KOBAYASHI, KenjiI SHIDA, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Masaya SHIMANOUE

    Techno-Ocean 2006 / 19th JASNAOE Ocean Engineering Symposium p.185 2006年10月

  365. A method for estimating casualties due to the tsunami inundation flow 査読有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Toshitaka Katada, Harold O. Mofjeld, Yoshiaki Kawata

    NATURAL HAZARDS 39 (2) 265-274 2006年10月

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER

    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-006-0027-5  

    ISSN:0921-030X

    eISSN:1573-0840

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    This study develops a method for estimating the number of casualties that may occur while people evacuate from an inundation zone when a tsunami has inundated an area. The method is based on a simple model of hydrodynamic forces as they affect the human body. The method uses a Tsunami casualty index (TCI) computed at each grid point of a numerical tsunami model to determine locations and times within the tsunami inundation zone where evacuation during the tsunami inundation is not possible and therefore where casualties are likely to occur. The locations and times can be combined with information about population density to compute the potential number of casualties. This information is useful in developing tsunami evacuation routes that avoid such locations. To illustrate the method, it is applied to the Seattle waterfront in Washington State, USA, that is under the threat of possible tsunami disasters due to Seattle Fault earthquakes. Preliminary results suggest that the tsunami casualties may occur within the Seattle waterfront for 15 min, during the time interval from 3 to 18 min after a large Seattle Fault tsunami is generated when the background tide level is mean high water.

  366. Investigation of tsunami-induced damage and fragility of buildings in Thailand after the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami 査読有り

    Anat Ruangrassamee, Hideaki Yanagisawa, Piyawat Foytong, Panitan Lukkunaprasit, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura

    EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA 22 (S3) S377-S401 2006年6月

    出版者・発行元:EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST

    DOI: 10.1193/1.2208088  

    ISSN:8755-2930

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    The December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused human loss and devastating damage to civil engineering structures along the west coast of southern Thailand. This damage was investigated to evaluate the vulnerability of structures. Criteria for post-tsunami investigation were developed, and a database system was established to manage and present the data. The database of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings was then analyzed to find the relationship between the damage level and (a) the distance from the shoreline or (b) the inundation height. A representative RC column's capacity to resist lateral forces was measured by a full-scale loading test to gain insight into the relationship between the observed damage and the actual structural performance.

  367. オープンフォーラムでの防災マップコンテストの企画

    今村 文彦, 越村 俊一, 後藤 和久

    自然災害科学 25 (1) 32-34 2006年5月31日

    出版者・発行元:日本自然災害学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  368. 津波による船舶の漂流とその対策に関する基礎研究 査読有り

    小林英一, 久保雅義, 鈴木三郎, 越村俊一

    日本航海学会論文集 (114) 177-182 2006年3月

  369. 津波による船舶の漂流とその対策に関する基礎研究

    小林 英一, 久保 雅義, 鈴木 三郎, 越村 俊一

    日本航海学会論文集 114 157-163 2006年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本航海学会

    DOI: 10.9749/jin.114.157  

    ISSN:0388-7405

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    We are concerned about the occurrence of Tokai, Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes in Nankai Trough located at southern Japan sea area. The possibility of the occurrence is estimated as over 50 percent in these 30 years as of January, 2005. The tsunami by the earthquake attacks to the coastal area of Japan and generates not only the raise of sea surface but strong horizontal flow. The ships in the bay are forced to move by the current and such unexpected phenomena may occur as the addition of large force to a pier, uncontrollable lateral motion, collision to breakwater and drifting and grounding. It is very important to grasp the drifting motion of the vessel caused by tsunami current and make action guidelines against the attack for the prevention of sea disaster because such accidents bring serious results especially in the ports where dangerous cargoes are unloaded and loaded. From such viewpoints, basic analyses for ship evacuation maneuver from the tsunami attack were carried out and effectiveness of the action was shown.

  370. 震源断層の動的な特性が津波の外力特性に及ぼす影響

    奥村与志弘, 越村俊一, 河田惠昭

    津波工学研究報告 第23号,pp.9-12 2006年

  371. Grobal Disaster due to the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami 査読有り

    Fumihiko Imamura, S. Koshimura, K. Goto, H. Yanagisawa, Y. Iwabuchi

    Journal of Disaster Research 1 (1) 131-135 2006年

  372. Study on oil spread caused by the 1964 Niigata earthquake tsunami 査読有り

    Y. Iwabuchi, S. Koshimura, F. Imamura

    Journal of Disaster Research 1 (1) 157-168 2006年

  373. 2004年インド洋大津波の広域被害評価 招待有り

    越村俊一

    月刊海洋号外 (56) 2006年

  374. 津波防災対策としての高地移転と土地利用規制 招待有り

    越村俊一

    自然災害科学 25 (2) 142-145 2006年

    出版者・発行元:自然災害科学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  375. 津波災害を生き延びるための教育の現状と課題 招待有り

    越村俊一, 後田紘一, 今村文彦

    自然災害科学 24 (4) 369-376 2006年

    出版者・発行元:自然災害科学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  376. インド洋における巨大地震津波災害ポテンシャルの評価 査読有り

    越村俊一, 高島正典, 鈴木進吾, 林春男, 今村文彦, 河田惠昭

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 1416-1420 2005年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.1416  

  377. 南海トラフ沿いで発生するプレート内部型中規模地震に関する津波数値解析 査読有り

    冨岡展行, 高橋智幸, 今井健太郎, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 266-270 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.266  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2004年9月5日23時57分にM7.4の地震が紀伊半島南東沖で発生した. 震源は南海トラフ沿いに位置しているが, 東南海地震の想定震源域とは異なっていた. この海域で想定されているのはプレート境界型地震であり, これによる津波被害は既に調査済みであるが, 今回のような南海トラフ沿いで発生するプレート内部型の中規模地震による津波は未想定である. よって, 今後の津波防災において今回のような地震津波をどのように取扱うのか検討するため, 各研究機関から発表された断層パラメータを参考にして, 津波の数値計算を実施した. その結果, 大部分の地域でプレート境界型地震による津波の方がプレート内部型によるものより大きくなることが確認された.

  378. アスペリティ分布が来襲津波の地域特性に及ぼす影響に関する研究 査読有り

    河田惠昭, 奥村与志弘, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 286-290 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.286  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    同一規模の地震でも断層面上の大きなすべり領域 (アスペリティ) の分布が異なると沿岸方向の津波最大波高分布は変化する. 多くの沿岸部自治体は過去の記録に基づく津波想定を実施している. 将来発生する津波像を予測する上で, 歴史津波の記録は極めて重要な情報であるが, 次も同様な来襲津波特性になるとは限らない. まず各自治体にとって重要になるのは, アスペリティ分布によって来襲津波特性がどの程度変動するかである. そこで本研究は, 南海地震を対象に様々なアスペリティ分布を想定して津波数値計算を実施することで, 最大波高, その到達時間, 第一波到達時間の変動幅をプレート境界面形状との関連で明らかにした.

  379. 大阪湾臨海都市域の津波脆弱性と防災対策効果の評価 査読有り

    河田惠昭, 鈴木進吾, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 1276-1280 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.1276  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    臨海都市域はその集積性および空間利用の多様性から, 一旦津波が浸入すると甚大な被害を受けることが指摘されている. 本研究は大阪湾沿岸都市域を対象に, この地域に整備されている防潮堤に付随する防潮扉を閉鎖することによる市街地の減災計画手法について検討した. 第一に長期評価が発表された大阪湾断層帯で発生する津波の特性を解析した. 第二に防潮扉の物理的機能維持や閉鎖体制などに内在する不確定性を確率で表すことにより, 防災対策効果を含んだ地域脆弱性の評価手法を開発した. 第三に防潮扉ごとの閉鎖強化による浸水危険域面積および一般資産被害の軽減効果を量る指標を検討し, その優先順位を決定する手法を考案した.

  380. 2004年紀伊半島沖地震津波に関する現地調査と防災上の課題 査読有り

    小池信昭, 越村俊一, 高橋智幸,ほか

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 1336-1340 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.1336  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2004年9月5日に紀伊半島沖で発生した地震津波について, 津波打ち上げ高および痕跡高に関する現地調査, 津波来襲状況に関する住民のヒアリング調査, 自治体の津波情報の伝達状況に関する調査, およびリアルタイム観測と数値シミュレーションによる解析を実施した. その結果, 本震により発生した津波は伊豆諸島から四国太平洋岸に来襲し, 伊豆諸島で1m未満, 静岡県から和歌山県の太平洋岸にかけて2m程度の津波打ち上げがあったことを確認した. また, 高知県室戸岬沖のGPS津波計では津波のリアルタイム観測に成功し, 数値シミュレーションによる予測結果と良好な一致を示した. 沖合での津波のリアルタイム観測と即時的津波予測の有効性が実証された.

  381. インド洋大津波によるモルディブ共和国マレ島・空港島の浸水特性とそれに及ぼす護岸・離岸堤の影響 査読有り

    大谷英夫, 藤間功司, ほか

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 1376-1380 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.1376  

    ISSN:0916-7897

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    インド洋大津波は震源から2000km離れた環礁島モルディブにも大きな被害を残した. 空港島では, 護岸や建屋の被災, 10時間の空港閉鎖等の被害が見られたのに対し, それに隣接するマレ島では死者は無く, 建屋の被害もわずかと, 被災規模の差が大きい. また, マレ島では護岸が津波の被害を食い止めたと指摘されているが検証はなされていない. 本研究では, マレ島の浸水域, 空港島の津波痕跡高, 状況証言, 構造物破壊形態について現地調査を行い, 津波痕跡および被災状況の実態を明らかにした. さらに, 伝播計算を援用し津波の挙動を明らかにし, 被災メカニズム, 護岸・離岸堤の効果を検証した.

  382. モルディブにおけるインド洋津波の現地調査 査読有り

    藤間功司, 鴫原良典, ほか

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 52 1381-1385 2005年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.52.1381  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2004年12月26日に発生したインド洋津波は, 震源から2, 000km離れたモルディブでも人的・物的に大きな被害をもたらした. そこでモルディブで現地調査を行った結果, モルディブの痕跡高が0.6-3.4m程度であること, リーフが発達している場所でも必ずしも痕跡高が小さくなっているわけでないこと, また南マレ環礁で複雑な流れが観察されており, 環礁内の津波の挙動が複雑であることなどが分かった. モルディブの津波に対する安全性を高めるには強固な構造物や人工地盤などの整備が必要である.

  383. 2004年7月新潟豪雨災害の洪水氾濫流による家屋被害 査読有り

    原田賢治, 越村俊一, 鈴木進吾, 岡本学, 福留邦洋, 菅磨志保, 河田惠昭

    河川技術論文集 11 139-144 2005年6月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

  384. 住民の避難行動にみる津波防災の現状と課題−2003年宮城県沖の地震・気仙沼市民意識調査から− 査読有り

    片田敏孝, 児玉真, 桑沢敬行, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集 789 (71) 93-104 2005年5月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/jscej.2005.789_93  

    ISSN:0289-7806

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    2003年5月の宮城県沖の地震では, 三陸沿岸各地で震度4~6弱が観測され, 津波襲来が直ちに懸念された. しかし, 地震後に著者らが宮城県気仙沼市の住民を対象に実施した調査によると, 津波を意識して避難した住民は, 全体のわずか1.7%であった. このように避難率が低調となった要因を把握するため, 住民の避難行動とその意識的背景を分析した結果, 避難の意思決定を避難情報や津波警報に過度に依存する姿勢や, 正常化の偏見による危険性の楽観視, 過去の津波経験による津波イメージの固定化といった住民意識の問題点が明らかとなった. 本稿では, これらの問題点を解決するための津波防災教育として, 固定化された津波災害のイメージを打破すること, また, 情報に対する過度な依存心を改善することの必要性など, 今後の津波防災のあり方を提言した.

  385. The Influence of Tsunamis on Moored Ships and Ports 査読有り

    Kubo, M, I. Cho, S. Sakakibara, E. Kobayashi, S. Koshimura

    International Journal of Navigation and Port Research 29 (4) 319-325 2005年5月

  386. 津波の初期波形による係留船舶の動揺への影響について 査読有り

    榊原 繁樹, 久保 雅義, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一

    日本航海学会論文集 第112号・pp.125-132 2005年3月

  387. 津波による船舶の漂流に関する基礎研究 査読有り

    小林英一, 越村俊一, 久保雅義

    関西造船協会論文集 243 (243) 49-56 2005年3月

    出版者・発行元:社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

    DOI: 10.14856/jksna.2005.49  

    ISSN:1346-7727

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    We are anxious about the occurrence of Tokai, To-Nankai and Nankai earthquake. Tsunami attack generates not only the raise of sea surface but strong horizontal current in the bay It is very important for marine disaster prevention to grasp the drifting motion of a vessel caused by the tsunami curent. From such viewpoints, a basic analysis method for ship drifting phenomena by tsunami attack was developed. According to the ship drifting simulation by tsunami at the bay of Owase, Mie Prefecture, we found a possibility that a vessel collides with a berth, and also a possibility of ship grounding by the tsunami current. Such results suggest that still more detailed examination is required in the future.

  388. 2004年7月新潟豪雨水害の災害調査による家屋被害関数の構築 査読有り

    鈴木進吾, 越村俊一, 原田賢治, 岡本学, 福留邦洋, 菅磨志保, 河田惠昭

    土木学会水工学論文集 49 439-444 2005年3月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会水理委員会

    DOI: 10.2208/prohe.49.439  

    ISSN:0916-7374

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    This paper presents the fragility function for wooden house obtained from the field investigation of the flood disaster in Nakanoshima town, Niigata prefecture due to the July 13, 2004 Niigata heavy rainfall. At the emergency phase of disasters, the early understanding of overview of damage is required for the management of emergency personnel and resource. To understand the overview of damage easily, fragility function which estimates damage from inundation depth is helpful. The inundation depth is measured at many points and the damage rank of each house is identified in the investigation of this disaster. The fragility function is constructed using these data. Additionally, we marshaled those data about building damage and reviewed documents about damages in past tsunami disaster. By comparing obtained data to fragility curve, we considered the influence of driftage on building damage and the adequacy of that curve.

  389. ON AN ACCURACY OF THE NUMERICAL MODEL OF TSUNAMI PROPAGATION TO PREDICT EDGE WAVES TRAPPED ON A CONTINENTAL SHELF

    Yoshiaki Kawata, Yoshihiro Okumura, Shunichi Koshimura, Koji Fujima

    Proceedings of The 1st International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction (1st ICUDR) Vol.1, Group3 Tsunami Disaster 2005年

  390. Tsunami source of the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes inferred from offshore tsunami and coastal tide gauges 査読有り

    K Satake, T Baba, K Hirata, S Iwasaki, T Kato, S Koshimra, J Takenaka, Y Terada

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 57 (3) 173-178 2005年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.1186/BF03351811  

    ISSN:1343-8832

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    Tsunamis from the 2004 off the Kii Peninsula earthquakes (M 7.1 and 7.4) were recorded on offshore tsunami gauges. a GPS tsunami gauge and eight bottom-pressure gauges, as well as coastal tide gauges located South Of Honshu and Shikoku. The maximum amplitudes on the GPS and bottom-pressure gauges were several to ten cm. while those on tide gauges were LIP to 0.9 m. We first computed tsunami waveforms from the earthquake Source models proposed Yamanaka (2004) and Yagi (2004) from seismic waveform analysis, and compared them with the observed waveforms. For the first event (foreshock), both models produce similar waveforms with the observations. For the second event (mainshock), the waveforms Computed from the Yamanaka model is closer to the observed waveforms, but there are still discrepancies between the observed and computed waveforms. We then performed tsunami waveform inversions to estimate the water height distributions in the source area. The foreshock Source is similar to 1600 km(2) with the maximum water height of 0.2 m. The estimated tsunami source area for the mainshock. similar to 3600 km(2) with the maximum of 0.6 m, extends similar to 60 km toward northwest and similar to 40 km southwest from the epicenter along the aftershock distribution, suggesting that multiple faulting was involved in the mainshock.

  391. Tsunami due to the 2004 September 5th off the Kii peninsula earthquake, Japan, recorded by a new GPS buoy 査読有り

    T Kato, Y Terada, K Ito, R Hattori, T Abe, T Miyake, S Koshimura, T Nagai

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 57 (4) 297-301 2005年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.1186/BF03352566  

    ISSN:1343-8832

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    A tsunami due to the 2004 M7.4 September 5th earthquake off of the Kii peninsula, Japan, was recorded at the GPS buoy newly designed and established in April 2004, about 13 kin off of the Muroto Promontory, southwestern Japan. The tsunami arrived at the buoy about 8 minutes before its arrival to the nearest tide gauge station at the tip of the Muroto Promontory. The predicted tsunami record based on preliminary source model shows excellent agreement (rms 2.7 cm) with the observed GPS record. This demonstrates that GPS buoy observations can be used not only for a tsunami warning system, but also for precise determination of the tsunami source.

  392. Tsunami run-up heights of the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes 査読有り

    N Koike, T Takahashi, K Imai, Y Tanioka, Y Nishimura, K Harada, S Suzuki, K Fujima, Y Shigihara, Y Namegaya, S Koshimura

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 57 (3) 157-160 2005年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.1186/BF03351808  

    ISSN:1343-8832

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    A tsunami height survey was conducted immediately after the 2004 off the Kii peninsula earthquakes. Results of the survey show that the largest tsunami height was about 4.6 in locally at Kiho-cho, Mie prefecture. Numerical simulation Of the tsunami due to the earthquake was carried out using the model parameters estimated by NIED. The distribution pattern of the observed tsunami heights along the coast cannot be explained by the computed heights, because the model equation is linear long-wave theory and the run-up computations with a finer grid system are not included in this simulation. In order to explain tsunami run-up heights, it is necessary that the non-linear and run-up computation model Should be used with a finer grid system.

  393. 東南海・南海地震津波対策に向けての広域連携情報ネットワークの提案 査読有り

    越村俊一, 鈴木進吾, 大利桂子, 村田行泰, 寺田幸博, 河田惠昭, 加藤照之, 今村文彦

    地域安全学会論文集 6 (6) 139-148 2004年11月

    出版者・発行元:地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

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    Metropolitan areas and coastal communities along the Pacific coast and the Inland Sea in Japan are under the threat of gigantic tsunamis accompanied with possible megathrust earthquakes along the Nankai Trough within 30 to 40 years. The authors propose a cooperative network for tsunami disaster management, that consists of the integrated system of real-time tsunami modeling techniques and real-time tsunami observation system. This system will be in public at "http://trust.dri.ne.jp/".

  394. 防災対策の不確定性を考慮した津波減災効果の評価手法 査読有り

    河田惠昭, 鈴木進吾, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 51 1311-1315 2004年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.51.1311  

  395. エッジ波の発生を考慮した津波予警報の改良に関する研究 査読有り

    河田惠昭, 奥村与志弘, 越村俊一, 藤間功司, 永井紀彦

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 51 261-265 2004年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.51.261  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2003年十勝沖地震津波は我が国の津波予警報システムの盲点を突いた. 気象庁は地震発生4時間後に警報を解除し, それに同調して沿岸部自治体は避難勧告を解除した. しかし, その後になってエッジ波が最大波に匹敵する波高を伴って来襲した. 本研究では, エッジ波の防災上の問題点に着目し, エッジ波の予測に必要な条件を求めた. また, 北海道太平洋岸で発生し得る巨大地震を想定し, 大陸棚上にエッジ波が発生する場合の津波予警報解除の基準を求めるための基礎資料を得た. 特に, 室蘭-浦河間と浦幌-花咲間の予報区では発震後6時間は津波警報・避難勧告の維持が必要であることが分かった.

  396. 津波による船舶の漂流に関する基礎的研究

    小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 久保 雅義

    地域安全学会梗概集 pp.69-72 2004年5月

  397. 2003年十勝沖地震津波調査報告 : (1)はじめに、(2)津波遡上高調査結果、(3)津波波形記録(検潮記録)、(4)津波被害、(5)津波写真記録

    谷岡 勇市郎, 西村 裕一, 平川 一臣, 今村 文彦, 阿部 郁男, 安部 祥, 進藤 一弥, 松冨英夫, 高橋智幸, 今井 健太郎, 大沼 康太郎, 神 昭平, 村上 哲朗, 都司 嘉宣, 行谷 佑一, 藤間 功司, 真坂 誠一, 長谷川 洋平, 林 豊, 吉川 章文, 上川 明保, 志賀 透, 小林 政樹, 小田 勝也, 富田 孝史, 柿沼 太郎, 佐竹 健治, 七山 太, 鎌滝 孝信, 平田 賢治, 河田 恵昭, 深澤 良信, 越村 俊一, 秦 康範, 東井 裕介

    津波工学研究報告 21 [調査報告]1-200 2004年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  398. 2003年十勝沖地震津波に関する現地調査

    高橋 智幸, 今村 文彦, 谷岡 勇市郎, 西村 裕一, 松冨 英夫, 長谷川 洋平, 小林 政樹, 上川 明保, 七山 太, 眞坂 精一, 藤間 功司, 原田 賢治, 越村 俊一, 富田 孝史

    海岸工学論文集 51 1356-1360 2004年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.51.1356  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2003年9月26日早朝に北海道十勝沖を震源とするマグニチュード8.0の地震が発生し, それに伴う津波が北海道から東北地方の太平洋沿岸の広い範囲に来襲して各地に人的及び物的被害を与えた.そこで, 発災直後に津波に関する合同現地調査を実施し, 被害の発生過程や来襲状況等について調べた.この調査結果及び検潮記録や各種の映像資料等を合わせて今回の津波災害の特徴を明らかにした.また, 1952年に発生した津波との比較を行うことにより, 今回の津波の波源が西方に位置している可能性を示した.

  399. Tsunami run-up heights of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake 査読有り

    Y Tanioka, Y Nishimura, K Hirakawa, F Imamura, Abe, I, Y Abe, K Shindou, H Matsutomi, T Takahashi, K Imai, K Harada, Y Namegawa, Y Hasegawa, Y Hayashi, F Nanayama, T Kamataki, Y Kawata, Y Fukasawa, S Koshimura, Y Hada, Y Azumai, K Hirata, A Kamikawa, A Yoshikawa, T Shiga, M Kobayashi, S Masaka

    EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 56 (3) 359-365 2004年

    出版者・発行元:TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO

    DOI: 10.1186/BF03353065  

    ISSN:1343-8832

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    Tsunami height survey was conducted immediately after the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. Results of the survey show that the largest tsunami height was 4 m to the east of Cape Erimo, around Bansei-onsen, and locally at Mabiro. The results also show that the tsunami height distribution of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake is clearly different from that of the 1952 Tokachi-oki earthquake, suggesting the different source areas of the 1952 and 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquakes. Numerical simulation of tsunami is carried out using the slip distribution estimated by Yamanaka and Kikuchi (2003). The overall pattern of the observed tsunami height distribution along the coast is explained by the computed ones although the observed tsunami heights are slightly smaller. Large later phase observed at the tide gauge in Urakawa is the edge wave propagating from Cape Erimo along the west coast of the Hidaka area.

  400. 津波常襲地帯における持続可能な防災教育に向けた防災知識の体系化に関する研究 査読有り

    柄谷友香, 越村俊一, 首藤伸夫

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 50 1331-1335 2003年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.50.1331  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    宮城県気仙沼市鼎が浦高等学校の生徒309名を対象に, 津波エキスパートによる防災講座を実施し, 津波防災知識の理解度と当事者意識に与える心理的影響をアンケート調査によって測定・評価した. その結果, 1) 防災講座での言語データに対する内容分析によって, 7つの防災知識体系を得た, 2) 家族や学校での防災に関する話し合いが当事者意識の向上に影響しており, 学校の教員を通じた防災教育の必要性が示された, 3) 防災講座は, 生徒たちの津波災害対応への「自信」を知識の取得により下方修正させ, 災害時の具体的対策への関心を高めることに寄与していることがわかった.

  401. 津波による人的被害軽減のための避難戦略の評価手法に関する研究 査読有り

    越村俊一, 片田敏孝, 桑沢敬行, 石橋晃陸

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 50 1336-1340 2003年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.50.1336  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    津波災害発生時の住民間情報伝達と避難行動に着目して, 津波被災想定地域における避難計画を総合的に評価するための手法を開発し, 地理情報システムに展開する. 本評価手法は, 非線形長波理論に基づく津波氾濫解析, 偏ネット生成モデルに基づく住民間情報伝達, 避難行動解析の3つのシミュレーション要素で構成される. 本手法を, 米国ワシントン州ブレマートン市における想定津波災害に適用し, 津波災害の現象と情報伝達・避難行動の状況を視覚的に把握することにより, 想定した災害情報伝達体制において, 津波からの避難に問題がある地域を特定することが可能であることが示された.

  402. 豪雨時の自治体における防災情報の利用

    牛山 素行, 今村 文彦, 片田 敏孝, 越村 俊一

    水工学論文集 47 349-354 2003年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/prohe.47.349  

    ISSN:0916-7374

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    The purpose of this paper is an investigation of how to collect and use heavy rainfall disaster information by local governments. Questionnaire data were gathered from 230 municipalities within Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Gifu, and Mie prefectures. They were struck by typhoon No.0206 in July 2002. 32 municipalities issued evacuation counsel for disaster. A half of it answered that the decisive factor of evacuation counsel was occurrence of damage. The result indicated that it was difficult to issue evacuation counsel in advance of damage. Respondenfs ratios of rainfall information received on real time were as follows: The rainfall data by Meteorological Agency (JMA) was 92 percent, the rainfall and water revel data by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation (MLIT) was 72 percent, the rainfall and water revel data by prefecture was 78 percent Respondent's ratios of actually used information were as follows: The data of JMA was 74 percent, the data of MLIT was 38 percent, the data of prefecture was 51 percent It is necessary that the information of JMA and other information is unified. 58 percent municipalities had own raingauge on their office and 87 percent of raingauge data were used in this event. Self-administrated raingauge was relied. Flood hazard maps were made in 10 percent of municipalities. But municipalities of actually used hazard map in this event were a half of those. It is important that practicality of hazard map was verified.

  403. Tsunami 査読有り

    Lori Dengler, José Borrero, Guy Gelfenbaum, Bruce Jaffe, Emile Okal, Modesto Ortiz, Vasily Titov, Roberto Anima, Luis Bernales Anticona, Sebastian Araya, Brandon Gomer, J. Gómez, Shun-Ichi Koshimura, Gustavo Laos, Leonidas Ocala, Daniel Olcese, Robert Peters, Percy Colque Riega, David Rubin, Matthew Swensson, Fernando Vegas

    Earthquake Spectra 19 (SUPPL.) 115-144 2003年1月

    DOI: 10.1193/1.1737247  

    ISSN:8755-2930

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    The devastating effect of tsunami generated by the earthquake occurred in Peru was discussed. Peruvian and international tsunami field investigation teams were organized to study the nature and extent of the tsunami in the impacted area. It was found that the extent of inundation and the number of structures damaged or destroyed was significant but the loss to lifelines was lower than expected.

  404. 津波の市街地氾濫による人的被害に関する一評価法 -米国シアトル・ウォーターフロントにおけるケーススタディ 査読有り

    越村俊一, Harold Mofjeld, 片田敏孝, 河田恵昭

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 49 1441-1445 2002年11月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.49.1441  

    ISSN:1884-8222

  405. 2001年ペルー南部地震津波の災害調査 査読有り

    越村俊一, ほか

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 49 1461-1465 2002年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.49.1461  

    ISSN:0916-7897

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    2001年6月23日にペルー南部海岸を震源として発生したマグニチュード8.4の巨大地震は, 過去25年間の世界中の地震で最大のものであった. この地震により津波が発生し, 震源付近の海岸で被害が報告された. この報告を受けて, 米国では国立科学財団の助成により国際津波調査団が結成され, 震源付近の海岸に沿って津波高さおよび被災状況の調査を行った. 本稿では, 津波調査から得られた本津波の特徴および沿岸部における被災状況を報告する. 調査の結果, 津波による被害は震源からおよそ80km南東の街Camanaに集中しており, 約25kmの海岸に沿って平均5mの津波が来襲していたことが分かった.

  406. Field survey of the caman , Peru tsunami of 23 June 2001 査読有り

    Emile A. Okal, Lori Dengler, Sebastian Araya, Jose C. Borrero, Brandon M. Gomer, Shun-Ichi Koshimura, Gustavo Laos, Daniel Olcese, F. Modesto Ortiz, Matthew Swensson, Vasily V. Titov, Fernando Vegas

    Seismological Research Letters 73 (6) 907-920 2002年11月1日

    出版者・発行元:Seismological Society of America

    DOI: 10.1785/gssrl.73.6.907  

    ISSN:1938-2057 0895-0695

  407. Modeling the 1100 bp paleotsunami in Puget Sound, Washington 査読有り

    S Koshimura, HO Mofjeld, FI Gonzalez, AL Moore

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 29 (20) 9-1 2002年10月

    出版者・発行元:AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION

    DOI: 10.1029/2002GL015170  

    ISSN:0094-8276

    eISSN:1944-8007

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    Recent paleoseismic and geologic studies indicate that a tsunami occurred 1100 years ago in Puget Sound. This study aims to reproduce and validate the model tsunami, using a finite difference model based on nonlinear shallow water theory and abathymetry/topography computational grid that takes into account the 1-meter rise in sea level that has occurred in the region during the past 1100 years. Estimates of tsunami height, the extent of inundation, and the current velocity pattern are provided at the northern head of Cultus Bay, Whidbey Island, where paleotsunami sand deposits have been found. The model demonstrates that a tsunami generated when the background water level was at mean high water or above could have surged across the then-existing coastal marsh, penetrated the full length of the shallow bay, and deposited the observed sand layers.

  408. 陸棚斜面に入射した津波の多重反射 査読有り

    越村俊一

    土木学会論文集 705 (59) 151-160 2002年5月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/jscej.2002.705_151  

    ISSN:0289-7806

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    岸沖方向に有限な陸棚斜面を想定し, 沖合からの任意の入射波形に対する斜面上の津波伝播を表す理論解を求めた. さまざまな入射条件において得られた理論解を整理し, 特に斜面上における津波の多重反射現象に着目し, 津波の捕捉・増幅・減衰特性に関する新たな知見を得た.

  409. Characteristics of tsunamis propagating over oceanic ridges: Numerical simulation of the 1996 Irian Jaya earthquake tsunami 査読有り

    SI Koshimura, F Imamura, N Shuto

    NATURAL HAZARDS 24 (3) 213-229 2001年11月

    出版者・発行元:KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1012038121972  

    ISSN:0921-030X

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    The 1996 Irian Jaya earthquake tsunami was simulated by using the numerical model based on the linear long wave theory including Coriolis force in the spherical coordinate system. The numerical modeling result at Chichijima is in good agreement with the observed tide gauge data. The distinctive oscillation at Chichijima can be interpreted as the formation of boundary waves, so called ridge waves that are excited on the South-Honshu ridge. The mechanism of tsunami propagation trapped on an oceanic ridge is analyzed with the simple ridge model. The result explains the characteristics of ridge waves excited on the South-Honshu ridge.

  410. Characteristics of On-Slope Tsunami Propagation and the Accuracy of the Numerical Model 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, F. Imamura, N. Shuto

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 18 163-178 2001年

  411. 1999 年バヌアツ地震津波とその特徴, 課題 査読有り

    松冨英夫, 越村俊一, 高橋智幸, Andrew Moore, 今村文彦, 河田恵昭, 松山昌史

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 47 336-340 2000年11月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.47.336  

    ISSN:0916-7897

  412. 1999 年トルコ, コジャエリ地震に伴って発生した津波の現地調査と数値解析 査読有り

    今村文彦, 越村俊一, Ahmet Yalciner

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 47 331-335 2000年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.47.331  

    ISSN:0916-7897

  413. Vanuatu earthquake and tsunami cause much damage, few casualties 査読有り

    Philip Caminade, Douglas Charlie, Utku Kanoglu, Shun-Ichi Koshimura, Hideo Matsutomi, Andrew Moore, Christophe Ruscher, Costas Synolakis, Tomoyuki Takahashi

    Eos 81 (52) 641-647 2000年

    出版者・発行元:American Geophysical Union

    DOI: 10.1029/EO081i052p00641-02  

    ISSN:2324-9250 0096-3941

  414. 南本州海嶺の津波導波特性 査読有り

    越村俊一, 今村文彦, 首藤伸夫

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 46 331-335 1999年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.46.331  

  415. 境界波の挙動特性に関する理論的研究 査読有り

    越村俊一, 今村文彦, 首藤伸夫

    月刊海洋ー津波研究の最前線 105-109 1999年

  416. Propagation of obliquely incident tsunamis on a slope Part I, Amplification of tsunamis on a continental slope 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, F. Imamura, N. Shuto

    Coastal Engineering Journal 41 (2) 151-164 1999年

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563499000103  

    ISSN:0578-5634

  417. Propagation of obliquely incident tsunamis on a slope Part II, Characteristics of on–ridge tsunamis 査読有り

    Koshimura, S, F. Imamura, N. Shuto

    Coastal Engineering Journal 41 (2) 165-182 1999年

    出版者・発行元:None

    DOI: 10.1142/S0578563499000115  

    ISSN:0578-5634

  418. 海嶺により励起される境界波に関する研究 査読有り

    越村俊一, 今村文彦, 首藤伸夫

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 44 306-310 1997年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.44.306  

  419. 境界波としての津波の挙動特性とその数値解析 査読有り

    越村俊一, 今村文彦, 高橋智幸, 首藤伸夫

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 43 276-280 1996年11月

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.43.276  

  420. 北海道東方沖で発生する地震津波の災害アセスメント 査読有り

    高橋智幸, 首藤伸夫, 越村俊一

    土木学会海岸工学論文集 42 356-360 1995年11月

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/proce1989.42.356  

    ISSN:0916-7897

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

MISC 152

  1. ロバスト主成分分析に基づく沖合津波観測点配置の最適化—Optimization of Offshore Gauge Configuration with Robust Principal Component Analysis

    藤田 真粹, 野村 怜佳, 大竹 雄, 越村 俊一, 森口 周二, 寺田 賢二郎

    計算工学講演会論文集 = Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science / 日本計算工学会 編 28 79-82 2023年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

  2. 多様なシナリオデータベースの融合による津波リスク同定—Tsunami risk evaluation by the combined use of heterogenous datasets

    野村 怜佳, 大竹 雄, 森口 周二, 越村 俊一, Randall J. LeVeque, 寺田 賢二郎

    計算工学講演会論文集 = Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science / 日本計算工学会 編 28 83-86 2023年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

  3. リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測の国際展開に向けた検討

    越村 俊一, 阿部 孝志, ADRIANO Bruno, MAS Erick, 撫佐 昭裕

    大規模科学計算システム広報 SENAC 55 (4) 26-31 2022年10月

  4. PODによるリアルタイム津波予測を目的とした観測点位置最適化

    藤田真粹, 野村怜佳, 越村俊一, 大竹雄, 森口周二, 寺田賢二郎, 高瀬慎介, 福谷陽, 桜庭雅明, 野島和也, 橋詰正広

    計算工学講演会論文集(CD-ROM) 27 2022年

    ISSN:1342-145X

  5. 津波浸水被害推計シミュレーションの ベクトル・スカラーハイブリッドMPI の評価

    撫佐昭裕, 阿部孝志, 佐藤雅之, 小松一彦, 小林広明, 越村俊一

    SENAC 54 (4) 1-8 2021年10月

  6. 粒子フィルタを用いたリアルタイム津波リスク評価手法の開発—Realtime tsunami risk estimation approach development using particle filter

    野村 怜佳, Joseph Galbreath, 越村 俊一, 大竹 雄, 森口 周二, 寺田 賢二郎

    計算工学講演会論文集 = Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science / 日本計算工学会 編 26 487-490 2021年6月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

  7. リアルタイム津波浸水被害推計シミュレーションの性能評価

    撫佐 昭裕, 岸谷 拓海, 阿部 孝志, 佐藤 佳彦, 田野 邊睦, 鈴木 崇之, 村嶋 陽一, 佐藤 雅之, 小松 一彦, 伊達 進, 越村 俊一, 小林 広明

    SENAC : 東北大学大型計算機センター広報 53 (2) 10-18 2020年4月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学サイバーサイエンスセンター

    ISSN:0286-7419

  8. 津波の広域被害把握技術の進化と災害医療支援システムの革新にむけて

    江川 新一, 越村 俊一

    BIO Clinica 35 (3) 273-282 2020年3月

    出版者・発行元:(株)北隆館

    ISSN:0919-8237

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    東日本大震災では医療機関の被災が防ぎえた災害死亡や被災者の健康被害を増大させた。平時にはハザード予測に基づいて医療機関の被災リスクを減少させ、発災後は広域な医療機関と周辺の被災情報をリアルタイム化し共有することで、速やかで効果的な医療対応が可能となる。分野横断的にシミュレーション・センシングの融合による「広域被害把握技術」の深化による「災害医学」のイノベーションをめざしている。(著者抄録)

  9. リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測の全国展開に向けた検討

    越村 俊一, 阿部 孝志, 井上 拓也, 撫佐 昭裕, 村嶋 陽一, 鈴木 崇之, 太田 雄策, 日野 亮太, 佐藤 佳彦, 加地 正明, 小林 広明

    SENAC : 東北大学大型計算機センター広報 52 (2) 2-8 2019年4月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学サイバーサイエンスセンター

    ISSN:0286-7419

  10. Towards a development of a method to estimate tsunami inundation depth using TerraSAR-X data

    Gokon Hideomi, Koshimura Shunichi, Meguro Kimiro

    宇宙からの地球環境・災害のモニタリングとリスク評価 : 生研フォーラム論文集 = Monitoring of Global Environment and Disaster Risk Assessment from Space : the IIS Forum proceedings 27 39-42 2019年3月6日

    出版者・発行元:東京大学生産技術研究所地球環境工学研究グループ

  11. SAR画像を用いたグリッド単位における土砂災害抽出手法の開発: 2018年北海道胆振東部地震の事例研究

    へ ピンラン, 郷右近 英臣, 目黒 公郎, 越村 俊一

    2019年

    DOI: 10.11188/seisankenkyu.71.1055  

  12. 新想定津波下での大阪湾における閉塞領域を考慮した船舶避難について

    村山 雅子, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 Conference proceedings, the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers (26) 201-203 2018年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  13. 光学衛星画像とSAR画像の統合解析による津波浸水域抽出手法の検討

    郷右近英臣, 支倉一磨, 目黒公郎, 越村俊一

    地域安全学会梗概集(CD-ROM) (42) ROMBUNNO.A‐11 2018年5月

  14. リモートセンシングによる津波の広域被害把握 招待有り

    越村俊一

    日本地震工学会誌 33 26-29 2018年2月

  15. スーパーコンピュータによるリアルタイム津波浸水被害予測

    越村 俊一, 阿部 孝志, 撫佐 昭裕, 村嶋 陽一, 鈴木 崇之, 井上 拓也, 太田 雄策, 日野 亮太, 佐藤 佳彦, 加地 正明, 小林 広明

    SENAC : 東北大学大型計算機センター広報 51 (1) 30-34 2018年1月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学サイバーサイエンスセンター

    ISSN:0286-7419

  16. 津波による大阪湾における底泥の巻き上げおよび移流輸送の季節変動について

    村山雅子, 中田聡史, 林美鶴, 小林英一, 越村俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集(CD-ROM) (25) ROMBUNNO.2017A‐OS1‐1 2017年11月

    ISSN:2185-1840

  17. 津波渦の予測と可視化 : より安全な船舶避難に向けて

    中田 聡史, 林 美鶴, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 Conference proceedings, the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers (25) 7-9 2017年11月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  18. Evaluation of tsunami fragility curves for building damage level allocation

    MOYA Luis, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi

    津波工学研究報告 = Tsunami engineering = research report of tsunami engineering (34) 33-41 2017年7月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学災害科学国際研究所(津波工学研究分野)

    ISSN:0916-7099

  19. BUILDING DAMAGE MAPPING USING CHANGE DETECTION OF ALOS‐2 PALSAR‐2 SAR IMAGES AND STRONG MOTION DATA

    MOYA Luis, MAS Erick, ADRIANO Bruno, ADRIANO Bruno, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, YAMAZAKI Fumio

    日本リモートセンシング学会学術講演会論文集(CD-ROM) 62nd ROMBUNNO.D‐22 2017年5月17日

  20. 合成開口レーダによる津波被害把握

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    生研フォーラム論文集 宇宙からの地球環境・災害のモニタリングとリスク評価 25th 41‐42 2017年3月2日

  21. 南海トラフ地震の影響を受ける橋梁・盛土構造物の耐震・耐津波信頼性評価法に関する基礎的研究

    名波 健吾, 磯辺 弘司, 竹本 梨香, 秋山 充良, 越村 俊一

    構造工学論文集. A A 63 123-133 2017年3月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会 ; 2007-

    ISSN:1881-6614

  22. X-band SAR画像と光学画像の組み合わせによる田畑地域浸水判定手法の開発

    支倉一磨, 郷右近英臣, 目黒公郎, 越村俊一

    生産研究 69 (6) 361‐365(J‐STAGE)-365 2017年

    出版者・発行元:東京大学生産技術研究所

    DOI: 10.11188/seisankenkyu.69.361  

    ISSN:0037-105X

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    &lt;p&gt;2011 年3 月11 日に発生した東日本太平洋沖地震津波では,青森県から千葉県にいたる太平洋沿岸部が津波により浸水し,その面積は約561㎢に及んだ.このような広域に及ぶ津波浸水域を発災後早期に把握するためには,リモートセンシング技術が有効である.本報では,X-band SAR 画像と光学画像の組み合わせによる田畑地域浸水判定結果について報告する.&lt;/p&gt;

  23. Tsunami source of the Mw7 2016 Fukushima Earthquake inferred from tide gauge and GPS buoy records

    ADRIANO Bruno, FURUYA Takasi, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi

    日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web) 2017 ROMBUNNO.HDS12‐P09 (WEB ONLY) 2017年

  24. 三次元海洋・津波・粒子追跡結合シミュレーションに基づいた巨大津波による底泥巻き上げと重金属輸送の推定

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 越村俊一

    日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web) 2017 ROMBUNNO.HDS16‐P05 (WEB ONLY) 2017年

  25. Lバンド合成開口レーダ画像を用いた平成27年9月関東・東北豪雨の湛水域抽出

    織田征和, ADRIANO Bruno, 郷右近英臣, 越村俊一

    土木学会年次学術講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM) 71st ROMBUNNO.II‐119 2016年8月1日

  26. L‐バンド合成開口レーダによる巨大地震・津波災害の建物被害程度の量的推計技術の開発

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一

    建設工学研究振興会年報 (51) 33‐39 2016年7月15日

    ISSN:0288-9994

  27. 防災減災に資するUrgent Computingへの挑戦(防災・減災に貢献するスーパーコンピュータの開発を目指して/東日本大震災の教訓と津波減災に向けてのシミュレーションの課題と展望/防災減災のための可視化と情報通信システム/JAMSTECのHPCシステムを利用した海溝型巨大地震の防災・減災への取り組み)

    小林 広明, 越村 俊一, 下條 真司, 有吉 慶介

    ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティングと計算科学シンポジウム論文集 (2016) 128-129 2016年5月30日

  28. リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測技術の実証

    越村俊一, 井上拓也, 日野亮太, 太田雄策, 小林広明, 撫佐昭裕, 村嶋陽一, 目黒公郎

    地域安全学会梗概集(CD-ROM) (38) ROMBUNNO.C‐15 2016年5月

  29. 数値解析による自己浮上式津波避難施設に作用する二次元流体力の推定

    昌本拓也, 郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    地域安全学会論文集(CD-ROM) 29 (28-29) ROMBUNNO.29‐1-6 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:一般社団法人 地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    &lt;p&gt;A number of people were killed caused by the 2011 Tohoku (Great East-Japan) Earthquake and its induced Tsunami. Evacuation before the arrival of Tsunami is important to survive, however, it might be sometimes difficult for the people who are in a coastal area to escape. To overcome this situation, self-floating evacuation facility has been proposed by Meguro(2011). In this study,two-dimensional spatial distribution of fluid force in Kochi area is analyzed assuming the Nankai Trough massive earthquake and Tsunami. First, Tsunami numerical modeling was conducted and the distribution of hydrodynamic force was calculated. Next, the force that acts on the self-floating evacuation facility was estimated by using the result of Tsunami numerical modeling. As the result, a maximum force acting on the facility was calculated as about 2,530 kN.&lt;/p&gt;

  30. L‐band合成開口レーダによる津波被災地の建物被害解析区画決定手法の検討

    支倉一磨, 郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    地域安全学会論文集(CD-ROM) 29 (28-29) ROMBUNNO.29‐6-52 2016年3月

    出版者・発行元:一般社団法人 地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    &lt;p&gt;The grasping damage by SAR is suited to large scaled disaster such as an earthquake and tsunami. Especially, L-band SAR data can observe extensive areas at once. To analyze building damage caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami disaster, we applied a method to divide target area into rectangular analyzed areas for the evaluation of building damage. A number of method for estimating building damage at a rectangular tile scale have been proposed, however a suitable size of the tile has not been identified. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effective size for damage estimation by clarifying the relation between the number of buildings in the analyzed area.&lt;/p&gt;

  31. 巨大津波襲来時における避航のための危険海域の抽出

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 林美鶴, 越村俊一, 小林英一

    日本海洋学会大会講演要旨集 2016 169 2016年3月

  32. 津波による海洋環境擾乱の予測

    林美鶴, 中田聡史, 鈴木綜人, 越村俊一, 小林英一

    日本海洋学会大会講演要旨集 2016 168 2016年3月

  33. 自己浮上式津波避難施設に作用する二次元流体力の解析

    昌本拓也, 郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 目黒公郎

    生産研究 68 (4) 331‐335(J‐STAGE)-335 2016年

    出版者・発行元:東京大学生産技術研究所

    DOI: 10.11188/seisankenkyu.68.331  

    ISSN:0037-105X

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    &lt;p&gt;2011 年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波によって多数の死者が発生した. 津波に襲われる前に避難をすることは生き残るために大切である. しかし, 海岸近くにいる人々にとっては, そこから逃げることが難しい場合もある. この課題を解決するために目黒(2011)は, 自己浮上式津波避難施設を提案した. 本研究では, 発生が危惧される南海トラフ巨大地震津波を想定し, 高知県周辺での平面二次元での流体力空間分布を解析した. まず, 津波数値解析を行い流体力の空間分布を得た. 次に津波数値解析の結果を用いて,自己浮上式津波避難施設に作用する外力を計算した. その結果, 外力は最大で567.2kN になることが分かった.&lt;/p&gt;

  34. 巨大津波襲来時における避航のための渦場の解析

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 小林英一, 越村俊一

    日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web) 2016 ROMBUNNO.HDS19‐14 (WEB ONLY) 2016年

  35. 原子力安全のための耐津波工学(その4)津波の作用と津波防御に関する工学的手法

    今村 文彦, 越村 俊一

    Ατομοσ : journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan = アトモス : 日本原子力学会誌 57 (11) 720-724 2015年11月

    出版者・発行元:日本原子力学会

    ISSN:1882-2606

  36. 南海トラフ巨大地震津波による大阪湾での巻き上げ・移流輸送シミュレーション

    鈴木 綜人, 中田 聡史, 林 美鶴, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (21) 191-194 2015年11月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  37. 南海トラフ巨大地震津波による内湾域の塩水化

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 林美鶴, 越村俊一, 小林英一

    日本海洋学会大会講演要旨集 2015 179 2015年9月10日

  38. 津波防災・復興まちづくりにおける津波数値シミュレーションの活用 (特集 自然災害とどのように向き合うか)

    越村 俊一

    粉体技術 7 (9) 816-820 2015年9月

    出版者・発行元:日本粉体工業技術協会

    ISSN:1883-3292

  39. 船舶に対するリアルタイム津波ハザードマップの基礎研究

    米田 翔太, 小林 英一, 谷口 裕樹, 越村 俊一, 橋本 博公

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (20) 147-150 2015年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:2185-1840

  40. 合成開口レーダによる津波被災地の建物被害の量的把握

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣, 松岡昌志

    地域安全学会梗概集(CD-ROM) (36) ROMBUNNO.B-7 2015年5月

  41. 南海トラフ巨大地震津波を想定したマリンハザード研究

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 鈴木綜人, 越村俊一, 小林英一

    日本海洋学会大会講演要旨集 2015 271 2015年3月

  42. 津波と安全学 : 東日本大震災の教訓と巨大津波災害への備え (第10回 日本安全学教育研究会)

    越村 俊一

    日本安全学教育研究会誌 8 41-51 2015年

    出版者・発行元:日本安全学教育研究会

    ISSN:1884-1279

  43. L-バンド合成開口レーダによる津波被災地の建物被害推計手法の開発

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 71 (2) I.1723-I.1728 (J-STAGE)-I_1728 2015年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.71.I_1723  

    ISSN:1883-8944

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    広域に及ぶ津波被災地の建物被害を把握するには,リモートセンシング技術が有効である.特に近年では,高分解能X-バンド合成開口レーダ(SAR)により,その高い分解能を活かした建物一棟毎の被害把握手法が発展してきた.X-バンドSARを使用すれば,詳細に被災地を観測する事が可能である一方,撮影可能領域が狭いため,広域な津波被災地を網羅できない事がある.その一方,L-バンドSARは,空間分解能が落ちるものの,X-バンドSARよりも広域の観測が可能となり,被災地を網羅できる可能性が向上する.そこで本研究では,津波被災前後の被災地を捉えたL-バンドSAR(ALOS/PALSAR)により,建物流失棟数を推計する手法を開発した.精度検証の結果,推計値と実被害データのピアソン積率相関係数は0.97を示し,その有効性を実証する事ができた.

  44. TSUNAMI EVACUATION PLANNING AND RESPONSE SUPPORTED BY SIMULATION TOOLS

    MAS Erick, ADRIANO Bruno, KOSHIMURA Shunichi

    日本地震工学会年次大会梗概集(CD-ROM) 11th ROMBUNNO.B-6 2015年

  45. 南海トラフ巨大地震津波による大阪湾における底質巻き上げシミュレーション

    鈴木綜人, 林美鶴, 中田聡史, 小林英一, 越村俊一

    瀬戸内海研究フォーラム 2015 26 2015年

  46. 潮汐・津波シミュレーション:潮流による津波到達時間の早期化

    中田聡史, 林美鶴, 小林英一, 越村俊一

    日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web) 2015 ROMBUNNO.HDS27‐09 (WEB ONLY) 2015年

  47. 2015S-GS2-1 津波による大阪湾での底質巻き上げ発生条件の推定

    鈴木 綜人, 林 美鶴, 中田 聡史, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 20 (0) 143-146 2015年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

  48. ソーシャルセンシングによる被災地の被害状況と支援ニーズの把握の可能性―東日本大震災の発生前後に発信されたTwitterの分析―

    佐藤翔輔, 花岡和聖, 奥村誠, 越村俊一

    第17回日本災害情報学会予稿集 2015年

  49. APPLICATION OF A PHASE‐BASED CORRELATION METHOD TO EXTRACT DAMAGE AREAS, CASE OF STUDY: 2013 HAIYAN TYPHOON

    ADRIANO Bruno, GOKON Hideomi, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, LIU Wen, MATSUOKA Masashi

    日本地震工学シンポジウム論文集(CD-ROM) 14th ROMBUNNO.OS12-SAT-AM-6 2014年11月17日

  50. シミュレーションと空間情報学を融合した津波被災地の被害把握

    越村俊一, ADRIANO Bruno, 郷右近英臣, MAS Erick

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集(CD-ROM) (18) ROMBUNNO.2014S-OS3-4 2014年5月

    ISSN:2185-1840

  51. 建物破壊状況に応じた時間発展型合成等価粗度モデルの検討

    林 里美, Adriano Bruno, Mas Erick, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 = Tsunami engineering 31 (31) 93-103 2014年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  52. GPS海洋ブイ係留系の長期耐久特性に関する実証調査

    寺田幸博, 永井紀彦, 加藤照之, 越村俊一, 川口浩二, 松下泰弘

    土木学会論文集 B3(海洋開発)(Web) 70 (1) 2014年

    ISSN:2185-4688

  53. 合成開口レーダー画像による津波浸水ラインの半自動抽出ツールの開発

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 松岡昌志

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 70 (2) I.1486-I.1490 (J-STAGE)-I_1490 2014年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_1486  

    ISSN:1883-8944

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    A semi-automated tool for detecting tsunami flooded areas is developed using high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar data (TerraSAR-X) focusing on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami event. A number of flood detection techniques proposed in previous studies have not been fully utilized for emergency responses due to their complicated procedures for image processing. Therefore,this study aimed at solving this problem by developing a semi-automated tool to detect flooded areas with a simple interface. The model was applied to Sendai plain and demonstrated a good performance showing producer&#039;s accuracy of 94.2 % and user&#039;s accuracy of 93.8 %.

  54. TerraSAR-X画像のオブジェクトベース解析による建物被害推計技術の開発

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 松岡昌志

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 70 (2) I.1481-I.1485 (J-STAGE)-I_1485 2014年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_1481  

    ISSN:1883-8944

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    An object-oriented method to detect building damage is developed using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar(TerraSAR-X) data focusing on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami event. To detect changes caused by the tsunami,damage function was developed by correlating mean value of correlation coefficient calculated based on an object-oriented method using pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X data and building damage ratio in each object. The estimated result of damage ratio showed good agreement with ground truth data,showing the pearson&#039;s correlation coefficient of 0.96. The method was verified by applying on the other test site,and the results were found consistent with the reported damage features,with correlation coefficient of 0.8.

  55. Identifying evacuees’ demand of tsunami shelters using agent based simulation

    Erick Mas, Bruno Adriano, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumihiko Imamura, Julio H. Kuroiwa, Fumio Yamazaki, Carlos Zavala, Miguel Estrada

    Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 35 347-358 2014年

    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7269-4_19  

    ISSN:1878-9897

    eISSN:2213-6959

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. In plain areas prone to tsunami, finding a way to shelter and escape from the inundation becomes a difficult task for residents. The 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami has shown that the horizontal evacuation using cars can compromise the safety of people. Another alternative is the vertical evacuation. In many cases, not only the capacity of these shelters plays an important role, but the spatial distribution and the evacuee preference for the nearest shelter. Such preference and location creates a conflict between capacity offer and demand. In this paper, we used an agent based model to simulate the evacuation of pedestrians and cars in La Punta, Peru. Twenty designated buildings for vertical evacuation are available for sheltering and escape from tsunami. The stochastic simulation of population spatial distribution and their refuge preferences revealed the over demand of some shelters. Finally, a capacity-demand map was created to share results with local authorities as a first step for future countermeasures in the district.

  56. 台風ハイエンに伴うレイテ島沿岸部の人的被害状況

    呉 修一, SUPPASRI Anawat, YI Carine J., MAS Erick, BRICKER Jeremy D., 越村 俊一, 真野 明

    土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) 70 (2) I_1446-I_1450-I_1450 2014年

    出版者・発行元:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.70.I_1446  

    ISSN:1884-2399

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    Super Typhoon Haiyan that struck the Philippines on November 8, 2013 caused over 7,000 casualties by remarkably high wind speed, storm surges and waves. In this paper, characteristics of human loss in the coastal region of Leyte Island, Philippines were investigated based on the relationship between the observed inundation height and depth and the number of deaths and missing people in each barangay. From the analysis, barangays with more than 10 % of the fatality ratio were found along the coastal areas in Tacloban city and Palo and Tanauan municipalities. It was found that the scale of human damage caused by Haiyan is similar to that caused by any other historical tsunami disaster, clearly indicating the massive external force of the storm surge during the Haiyan event and the vulnerability of those coastal areas.

  57. BASIC STUDY ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF TSUNAMI MULTILAYER PROTECTION TO TSUNAMI EVALUATION AND COASTAL COMMUNITY RESILIENCE

    MAS Erick, MUHARI Abdul, ADRIANO Bruno, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, IMAMURA Fumihiko

    Proceedings of International Sessions in Conference on Coastal Engineering, JSCE 4 85-89 2013年11月

  58. TSUNAMI VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF BUILDINGS USING REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL MODELING IN LIMA, PERU

    ADDRIANO Bruno, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, FUJII Yushiro

    Proceedings of International Sessions in Conference on Coastal Engineering, JSCE 4 21-25 2013年11月

  59. 東日本大震災における建物被害データと数値解析の統合による津波被害関数

    林 里美, 成田 裕也, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 69 (2) 386-390 2013年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  60. 航空写真とLiDARデータの統合解析による津波瓦傑の3次元マッピング

    福岡 巧巳, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 69 (2) 1436-1440 2013年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  61. TerraSAR-X画像の機械学習による津波被災地の自動検出

    郷右近英臣, POST Joachim, STEIN Enrico, MARTINIS Sandro, TWELE Andre, MUECK Matthias, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 69 (2) I.1441-I.1445 (J-STAGE)-I_1445 2013年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.69.I_1441  

    ISSN:1883-8944

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    A method for rapid detection of tsunami devastated areas using multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data is proposed. To develop the method, machine learning algorithm, a branch of artificial intelligence (AI), is applied. We focus on the multiple bounce reflection which is a specific feature on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to estimate building devastated areas. Finally, classifiers which enable automated classifications of damage patterns into predicted damage classes were built. The evaluation of the model was conducted through cross-validation and the best accuracy was obtained as 89.2 %.

  62. EVALUATION OF TSUNAMI EVACUATION BUILDING DEMAND THROUGH THE MULTI‐AGENT SYSTEM SIMULATION OF RESIDENTS’ BEHAVIOR

    MAS Erick, ADRIANO Bruno, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, IMAMURA Fumihiko, KUROIWA H. Julio, YAMAZAKI Fumio, ZAVALA Carlos, ESTRADA Miguel

    Proceedings of International Sessions in Conference on Coastal Engineering, JSCE 3 61-65 2012年11月

  63. リモートセンシングによる巨大地震津波の広域被害把握

    越村 俊一

    土木學會誌 97 (7) 22-23 2012年7月15日

    ISSN:0021-468X

  64. 防災・減災における津波数値シミュレーションの活用

    越村 俊一

    静電気学会誌 36 (2) 78-83 2012年3月31日

    出版者・発行元:静電気学会

    ISSN:0386-2550

  65. 津波来襲時の映像解析による2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の流速測定

    林 里美, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 29 7-14 2012年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  66. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波被災地における脆弱性の検証

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一

    津波工学研究報告 29 (29) 15-19 2012年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  67. 2009年サモア地震津波における脆弱性の評価

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 松岡昌志, 行谷佑一

    津波工学研究報告 29 (29) 63-69 2012年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  68. DAMAGE CHARACTERISTIC AND FIELD SURVEY OF THE 2011 GREAT EAST JAPAN TSUNAMI IN MIYAGI PREFECTURE

    SUPPASRI Anawat, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, IMAI Kentaro, MAS Erick, GOKON Hideomi, MUHARI Abdul, IMAMURA Fumihiko

    Coastal Engineering Journal 54 (1) 1250005.1-1250005.30 2012年3月

    ISSN:2166-4250

  69. DEVELOPING TSUNAMI FRAGILITY CURVES FROM THE SURVEYED DATA OF THE 2011 GREAT EAST JAPAN TSUNAMI IN SENDAI AND ISHINOMAKI PLAINS

    SUPPASRI Anawat, MAS Erick, KOSHIMURA Shunichi, IMAI Kentaro, HARADA Kenji, IMAMURA Fumihiko

    Coastal Engineering Journal 54 (1) 1250008.1-1250008.16 2012年3月

    ISSN:2166-4250

  70. 東北地方太平洋沖地震津波災害の教訓と地域の復興に向けての課題

    越村 俊一

    建築雑誌 127 (1628) 15-17 2012年2月20日

    出版者・発行元:一般社団法人日本建築学会

    ISSN:0003-8555

  71. 非線形分散波理論モデルによる東北地方太平洋沖地震津波のソリトン分裂の再現

    村嶋 陽一, 越村 俊一, 岡 秀行

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 206-210 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  72. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の被災地における斜め視空中写真判読による建物被害のマッピング

    郷右近 英臣, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 1421-1425 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  73. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波による気仙沼湾における大型船舶の漂流・座礁の解析

    菅 裕介, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 251-255 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  74. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波災害における建物脆弱性と津波被害関数

    越村 俊一, 郷右近 英臣

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 336-340 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  75. オブジェクトベース画像解析による津波被災地の瓦礫量の把握

    福岡 巧巳, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 371-375 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  76. 映像解析による2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の流速測定

    林 里美, 越村 俊一

    土木学会論文集. B2, 海岸工学 68 (2) 366-370 2012年

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:1884-2399

  77. 津波災害からの復興とまちづくり (特集 東日本大震災 : 1年が経過して) -- (各方面の取組み)

    越村 俊一

    JACIC情報 27 (1) 59-64 2012年

    出版者・発行元:日本建設情報総合センター

    ISSN:0914-4528

  78. CFDによる港内操船時の操縦流体力の推定について(所外発表論文等概要)

    木村 安宏, 小林 英一, 田原 裕介, 越村 俊一

    海上技術安全研究所報告 12 (2) 135-135 2012年

    出版者・発行元:海上技術安全研究所

    ISSN:1346-5066

  79. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波災害における建物脆弱性と津波被害関数

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 68 (2) I.336-I.340 (J-STAGE)-I_340 2012年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.68.I_336  

    ISSN:1883-8944

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    This study aims to identify the structural vulnerability against tsunami with the form of tsunami fragility curves by integrating structural damage mapping with field survey data,such as flow depths. The tsunami fragility curves are preliminary obtained from the case studies in the affected areas of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami. Consequently, we found that structures in Miyagi Prefecture were especially vulnerable when the local flow depth exceeded 2 m, and 6 m flow depth would cause total devastation. Through the analysis, the tsunami fragility curves were obtained for each coastal community to determine the structural vulnerability against the local tsunami heights.

  80. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の被災地における斜め視空中写真判読による建物被害のマッピング

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学)(Web) 68 (2) I.1421-I.1425 (J-STAGE)-I_1425 2012年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 土木学会

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.68.I_1421  

    ISSN:1883-8944

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    In order to develop a method to evaluate building damage in the tsunami affected area in a quantitative manner, the authors conducted visual damage inspection using an oblique aerial photos in Wakabayashi-ward in Miyagi Prefecture. As the result of damage inspection, building damage were classified into six classes to identify the damage distribution in Wakabayashi-ward and the validity of this method was demonstrated to comprehend the impact in the aftermath of the disaster.

  81. リモートセンシングによる2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の広域被害把握

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣, 福岡巧巳, 林里美

    日本地震工学会論文集(Web) 12 (6) 6.50-6.62 (J-STAGE)-6_62 2012年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 日本地震工学会

    DOI: 10.5610/jaee.12.6_50  

    ISSN:1884-6246

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    本稿は,巨大地震災害発生直後の広域被害把握のための技術体系の構築を目的とする.広域被害把握までの流れは,衛星画像解析による津波浸水流況の把握,浸水域内建物棟数の推計,航空写真の判読による建物被害の把握,航空写真・衛星画像による瓦礫量の把握という,4つの技術で構成し,2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波災害におけるインプリメンテーションを通じて,その有効性と課題を明らかにした.

  82. 2011年東北地方太平洋沖津波災害―東北地方の再生に向けて―

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣

    日本水環境学会シンポジウム講演集 14th 161-162 2011年9月10日

  83. 土壌の化学分析による津波浸水域の新たな調査方法の提案--2010年チリ地震津波調査への適用

    吉井 匠, 松山 昌史, 越村 俊一

    電力中央研究所報告 研究報告 (10008) 1-29,巻頭1〜3 2011年4月

    出版者・発行元:電力中央研究所

  84. 東北地方における津波浸水範囲および津波被害の調査―津波来襲状況の解明と被害関数構築に向けて―

    越村俊一, 郷右近英臣

    津波工学研究報告 28 (28) 147-151 2011年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  85. 宮城県南部沿岸域における津波被害の特徴

    今井健太郎, 今村文彦, 越村俊一, 菅原大助, サッパシー アナワット, 佐藤翔輔

    津波工学研究報告 28 (28) 141-145 2011年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  86. CFDによる浅水域における操縦流体力の推定について(所外発表論文等概要)

    木村 安宏, 小林 英一, 田原 裕介, 越村 俊一

    海上技術安全研究所報告 10 (4) 386-386 2011年

    出版者・発行元:海上技術安全研究所

    ISSN:1346-5066

  87. A basic study on estimation of hydrodynamic forces acting on a ship hull by CFD(Summaries of Papers published by Staff of National Maritime Research Institute at Outside Organizations) :

    Kimura Yasuhiro, Kobayashi Eiichi, Tahara Yusuke, Koshimura Shunichi

    海上技術安全研究所報告 10 (4) 387-387 2011年

    出版者・発行元:海上技術安全研究所

    ISSN:1346-5066

  88. A Study on Estimation of Hydrodynamic Forces Acting on a Ship Hull in Shallow Water by CFD(Summaries of Papers published by Staff of National Maritime Research Institute at Outside Organizations) :

    Kimura Yasuhiro, Kobayashi Eiichi, Tahara Yusuke, Koshimura Shunichi

    海上技術安全研究所報告 11 (2) 143-143 2011年

    出版者・発行元:海上技術安全研究所

    ISSN:1346-5066

  89. 2009年米領サモア地震・津波の発生メカニズムの検討

    郷右近英臣, 越村俊一, 今井健太郎

    土木学会論文集 B2(海岸工学) 67 (2) I_211-I_215 2011年

    DOI: 10.2208/kaigan.67.I_211  

    ISSN:1884-2399

  90. 2009 年サモア諸島沖地震津波の現地調査

    越村俊一

    地震本部ニュース 4-5 2010年9月

  91. 格子ボルツマン法による自由表面を有する二相流れの数値解析

    荒木 健, 越村 俊一

    計算工学講演会論文集 = Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science 15 (1) 487-490 2010年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

    ISSN:1342-145X

  92. 格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流の2D-3Dハイブリッド・シミュレーション

    福井 貴也, 越村 俊一, 松山 昌史

    計算工学講演会論文集 = Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science 15 (1) 491-494 2010年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

    ISSN:1342-145X

  93. 津波, 最大 16 メートル, 09 年サモア諸島沖地震津波調査

    越村俊一

    ないふる 77 4-5 2010年1月

  94. 津波による大型船舶の漂流挙動解析--インドネシア・バンダアチェにおける事例

    橋本 貴之, 越村 俊一, 小林 英一

    海岸工学論文集 56 316-320 2009年10月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:0916-7897

  95. 格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流れの解析

    荒木 健, 越村 俊一

    海岸工学論文集 56 56-60 2009年10月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:0916-7897

  96. 地表物の分光反射特性を考慮した都市域津波被災地の衛星画像解析

    萱場 真太郎, 越村 俊一

    海岸工学論文集 56 1421-1425 2009年10月

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:0916-7897

  97. DEVELOPING FRAGILITY FUNCTIONS FOR TSUNAMI DAMAGE ESTIMATION USING NUMERICAL MODEL AND POST-TSUNAMI DATA FROM BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA

    KOSHIMURA SHUNICHI, OIE TAKAYUKI, YANAGISAWA HIDEAKI, IMAMURA FUMIHIKO

    Coastal engineering journal 51 (3) 243-273 2009年9月1日

    ISSN:0578-5634

  98. 津波の数値計算と予報システムおよび被害推定

    越村俊一

    土木学会 第 45 回水工学に関する夏期研修会講義集Bコース 1-20 2009年7月

  99. 格子ボルツマン法による自由表面流解析

    荒木 健, 越村 俊一

    計算工学講演会論文集 14 (2) 893-896 2009年5月

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

    ISSN:1342-145X

  100. リモートセンシング技術を用いた津波被害の把握

    越村 俊一, 萱場 真太郎

    津波工学研究報告 26 113-122 2009年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  101. Tsunami disaster assessment in the southwestern Pacific countries due to giant earthquakes near Japan

    T. Takahashi, S. Koshimura, K. Harada, S. Suzuki, Y. Okumura, Y. Kawata

    SAFETY AND SECURITY ENGINEERING III 108 495-+ 2009年

    出版者・発行元:WIT PRESS

    DOI: 10.2495/SAFE090461  

    ISSN:1746-4498

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    The southwestern Pacific Ocean is prone to significant tsunami risk due to giant earthquakes generated near Japan. In this study, two huge tsunamis in the Japan Trench and the Nankai Trough were assumed. They have been called the Sanriku Earthquake Tsunami and the Tonankai-Nankai Earthquake Tsunami. To check the uncertainty of the tsunami model, four more models that intensify the dislocations of half of the tsunami sources were assessed. The computed tsunami energy distributions show that the Sanriku Tsunami propagates mainly toward the central Pacific Ocean and has little effect on the southwestern Pacific countries. On the other hand, the tsunami in the Nankai Trough propagates mainly toward the southwestern Pacific Ocean because of the Mariana Trench. In many cities, the water level exceeds 50 cm. Further, there are some observation stations along the path of the tsunami propagation and they might be useful for a far field tsunami warning system in this region.

  102. 津波予測技術の高度化に向けたリアルタイム津波シミュレーションの評価

    阿部 郁男, 今村 文彦, 越村 俊一

    計算工学講演会論文集 13 (2) 893-896 2008年5月19日

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

    ISSN:1342-145X

  103. 格子ボルツマン法の津波遡上問題への適用とその精度の検討

    大家 隆行, 越村 俊一

    計算工学講演会論文集 13 (2) 897-900 2008年5月19日

    出版者・発行元:日本計算工学会

    ISSN:1342-145X

  104. 格子ボルツマン法に基づく津波解析コードの開発(災害,一般講演)

    荒木 健, 越村 俊一, 大家 隆行

    日本流体力学会年会講演論文集 2008 394-394 2008年

    出版者・発行元:日本流体力学会

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has been developed as a new and promising numerical model to solve the fluid dynamics. In the present study, the applicability of LBM for the Shallow Water Equations is discussed in terms of several problems. LBM is appliable to flow around pillars and its solution is well agreed with experimental data. LBM can be applied to the tsunami run-up problems, and its solution has the accuracy as same as that of the Finite Difference Method in the same spatial resolution.

  105. 瀬戸内海における津波来襲時の船舶避難について

    小林英一, 池上 隆, 斧田 康佑, 大澤 輝夫, 米田 翔太, 越村 俊一, 水ノ江 隆志

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 6 293-294 2008年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

  106. GPSブイによる沖合観測技術と津波予報への利活用

    越村俊一

    日本災害情報学会誌 6 1-3 2008年1月

  107. 津波の解析技術と防災対策への活用

    越村俊一

    予防時報 232 (232) 14-19 2008年1月

    出版者・発行元:日本損害保険協会

    ISSN:0910-4208

  108. 2007S-G2-2 津波来襲時のLNG船の避難シナリオについて(一般講演(G2))

    小林 英一, 米田 翔太, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (4) 277-278 2007年5月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

  109. 漁船利用者の人的被害軽減を目的とした海上津波ハザードマップの開発

    大橋 太郎, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    津波工学研究報告 24 125-130 2007年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  110. 1964年新潟地震津波と油流出災害の数値実験

    岩渕 洋子, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    津波工学研究報告 24 119-123 2007年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  111. 2006年千島列島沖地震津波の我が国への伝播特性

    宗本 金吾, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    津波工学研究報告 24 29-32 2007年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  112. タイNamkemでのマングローブ林の津波被害調査と破壊率評価

    柳澤 英明, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦, 宮城 豊彦, 佐藤 博幸, Charlchai Tanavud

    津波工学研究報告 24 71-76 2007年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  113. 1755年ポルトガル・リスボン地震による津波の数値解析

    Santos Angela, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    東北地域災害科学研究 43 121-126 2007年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  114. 1964年新潟地震津波と油流出災害の数値実験

    岩渕 洋子, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    東北地域災害科学研究 43 97-102 2007年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  115. タイNamkemでのマングローブの津波被害と衛星画像による生存率評価

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 今村文彦, 宮城豊彦, 佐藤博幸, TANAVUD Charlchai

    東北地域災害科学研究 43 127-132 2007年3月1日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  116. 津波氾濫流による油の移流に関する数値実験(津波・海岸災害,一般講演)

    岩渕 洋子, 越村 俊一

    日本流体力学会年会講演論文集 2007 255-255 2007年

    出版者・発行元:日本流体力学会

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    To simulate oil spreading into industrial coastal zone caused by tsunami inundation flow, we developed a 2-layer hydrodynamic model which considered interaction between tsunami and oil. In this paper, we studied the numerical methods of oil spread in a numerical water tank using a 2-layer model. Based on the result of the numerical simulation which obtained by changing the interfacial resistance coefficient, we discuss applicability of our model, focusing on the relation between the interfacial resistance acting on the bottom of the oil layer and advection distance of oil layer.

  117. 津波数値解析ソースコードの並列化実行に伴う通信性能の影響(津波・海岸災害,一般講演)

    阿部 郁男, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    日本流体力学会年会講演論文集 2007 256-256 2007年

    出版者・発行元:日本流体力学会

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    We have developed the two different systems of the communication performance to estimate the influence that communication performance on parallel of the tsunami numerical analysis. The one of systems is a PC cluster that connected with an internal high-speed switch, and another is the system that connected a PC on a network. On two systems with different communication performance, we were able to clarify parallel processing of the tsunami numerical analysis and relations of the communication performance. We are going to use these systems for the tsunami numerical analysis in real-time, however, the effect of the parallel one is not enough when the grids exceeds 900x300.

  118. 備讃瀬戸海域における津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する研究

    小林英一, 斧田 康佑, 大澤 輝夫, 池上 隆, 米田 翔太, 越村 俊一

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集, K 5 37-38 2007年

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

  119. インドネシア・バンダアチェにおけるマングローブ林の津波被害軽減効果に関する定量的予測手法の提案

    柳澤英明, 越村俊一, 大家隆行, 今村文彦, 宮城豊彦

    日本自然災害学会学術講演会講演概要集 26th 91-92 2007年

  120. 津波被害の早期把握技術

    越村俊一

    地震工学会誌 6 (6) 39-44 2007年

    出版者・発行元:日本地震工学会

  121. 2006A-G5-10 津波来襲時の避難操船方法について(一般講演(G5))

    小林 英一, 米田 翔太, 大澤 輝夫, 越村 俊一, 島之上 雅也

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (3) 427-428 2006年11月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

  122. 津波による人的被害推定--2004年インド洋大津波のバンダ・アチェでの事例

    今村 文彦, 越村 俊一, 大家 隆行

    月刊消防 28 (8) 11-15 2006年8月

    出版者・発行元:東京法令出版

    ISSN:0388-4988

  123. 2006K-G1-3 津波来襲時の船舶避難に関する一検討(一般講演(G1))

    米田 翔太, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 南場 昌平, 島之上 雅也

    日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集 (2) 159-160 2006年5月

    出版者・発行元:公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会

    ISSN:1880-6538

  124. 2005年8月16日宮城地震による津波の波源域推定と再現計算

    大垣 圭一, 今村 文彦, 越村 俊一, 阿部 郁男

    津波工学研究報告 23 63-67 2006年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  125. 2004年インド洋大津波によるバンダ・アチェ市街地の津波氾濫解析と被害評価 (「インド洋津波の数値計算」ワークショップ報告)

    大家 隆行, 越村 俊一, 今村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 23 21-23 2006年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  126. 明治29年三陸地震津波災害による東北三県の被害と被害額に関する考察

    首藤 伸夫, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 23 115-119 2006年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  127. 都道府県防災情報ホームページの評価システムの検討

    小山 正剛, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    津波工学研究報告 23 97-113 2006年3月30日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  128. 2005年8月16日宮城地震による津波の波源域推定と再現計算

    大垣 圭一, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    東北地域災害科学研究 42 185-189 2006年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  129. 都道府県防災情報ホームページの評価システムの検討

    小山 正剛, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    東北地域災害科学研究 42 179-184 2006年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  130. 津波避難に着目した地域防災力評価と課題解決に関する研究

    神尾 久, 越村 俊一, 今村 文彦

    東北地域災害科学研究 42 191-196 2006年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科東北地区自然災害資料センター

  131. 藤縄幸雄編, 天災・人災 海洋災害の分析と防災対策, 生物研究社, A5判, 216p., 2006., 本体3000円, ISBN4-915342-46-8

    越村 俊一

    自然災害科学 25 (2) 253-253 2006年

    出版者・発行元:自然災害科学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  132. リアルタイム津波情報システム活用方策の検討 査読有り

    越山健治, 河田惠昭, 越村俊一, 原田賢治, 鈴木進吾

    日本災害情報学会第8回研究発表大会予稿集 pp.273-276 2006年

  133. 米国における津波対策 (総特集 津波予測)

    越村 俊一

    月刊地球 27 (3) 223-228 2005年3月

    出版者・発行元:海洋出版

    ISSN:0387-3498

  134. 緊急記事 : スマトラ地震により甚大な津波被害(インド洋大津波) : 三陸津波以来のわが国の津波防災対策への期待

    今村 文彦, 越村 俊一, 河田 恵昭

    土木学会誌 90 (2) 5-7 2005年2月15日

    出版者・発行元:土木学会

    ISSN:0021-468X

  135. 災害ボランティアを含めた被災者支援システムの展開 : 7.13新潟豪雨災害における災害救援ボランティアセンターの事例より

    菅 磨志保, 福留 邦洋, 越村 俊一

    地域安全学会論文集 (7) 405-410 2005年

    出版者・発行元:地域安全学会

    ISSN:1345-2088

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    The "disaster relief volunteer center" has been established as a new support system for disaster victim by volunteers. One of the most important issues to consider when running a disaster relief volunteer center is how to help people who have greater needs - the eldery and disabled, for instance. Those people may require more assistance than the government can provide. This paper examined the potentiality and the task of the new support system from the case study of the disaster relief volunteer center of Nakanoshima-cho established after the July 2004 Niigata heavy rain disaster. As a result, it turned out that investigation of the support demand by community based organizations worked effectively in the process of the adjustment of volunteers' supply and demand.

  136. 2004年12月インド洋大津波の数値シミュレーションと早期津波被害把握に向けての技術展望 (特集 インド洋津波災害)

    越村 俊一

    消防科学と情報 (82) 12-18 2005年

    出版者・発行元:消防科学総合センター

    ISSN:0911-6451

  137. A Probabilistic Method for Evaluation of Tsunami Disaster Reduction Systems

    Kawata Yoshiaki Suzuki Shingo, Koshimura Shunichi

    International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction Vol.1 2005年

  138. Dynamic behavior of moored ship motions induced by initial attack of large scaled tsunami 査読有り

    Shigeki Sakakibara, Masayoshi Kubo, Eiichi Kobayashi, Shunichi Koshimura

    Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Vol 2 pp.1-7 851-857 2005年

    出版者・発行元:AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

    DOI: 10.1115/OMAE2005-67494  

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    In this paper, we propose a numerical simulation procedure of moored ship motions due to initial attack of large scaled tsunamis and investigate the effects on the motions and mooring loads. The effect of methodology on selection of tsunami wave components and of the drag forces are then considered by using the numerical simulation method, applying to several case studies for LNG-carrier. Large ship motions and excessive mooring loads beyond the safe working loads are induced by the resonant tsunami wave components in the sway and surge motions, and drag forces.

  139. Field survey of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake tsunami and simulation at the Ootsu harbor located at the Pacific coast of Hokkaido, Japan

    Y Tanioka, Y Nishimura, K Hirakawa, F Imamura, Abe, I, Y Abe, K Shindou, H Matsutomi, T Takahashi, K Imai, K Fujima, K Harada, F Namegaya, Y Hasegawa, Y Hayashi, A Yoshikawa, T Siga, A Kamikawa, M Kobayash, S Masaka, T Kamataki, F Nanayama, K Satake, Y Kawata, Y Fukasawa, S Koshimura, Y Hada, Y Azumai, K Hirata

    Tsunamis: Case Studies and Recent Developments 23 135-156 2005年

    出版者・発行元:SPRINGER

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    Field survey for the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake tsunami was conducted by the scientists from all over Japan [Tanioka et al., 2004a, b]. Large tsunami heights of about 4 in were observed at Hyakuninhama to the east of Cape Erimo and along the beach between Horokayanto and Oikamanai. Those places are close to the source region of the earthquake. In general, tsunami heights gradually decreased to the east and to the west away from those two locations except at Mabiro where a large tsunami height of about 4m was locally observed. The most intensive tsunami survey was conducted at the Ootsu harbor. The survey results indicate that the quay of the harbor was completely submerged by the tsunami, but the road around the harbor was not. Numerical computation of the 2003 Tokachi-oki tsunami was carried out by solving the nonlinear shallow water equations with a moving boundary condition near the Ootsu harbor. The computed tsunami at the Ootsu harbor well explains the above observations.

  140. 2003年十勝沖地震津波調査報告

    谷岡 勇市郎, 西村 裕一, 平川 一臣, 今村 文彦, 阿部 郁男, 安部 祥, 進藤 一弥, 松冨英夫, 高橋智幸, 今井 健太郎, 大沼 康太郎, 神 昭平, 村上 哲朗, 都司 嘉宣, 行谷 佑一, 藤間 功司, 真坂 誠一, 長谷川 洋平, 林 豊, 吉川 章文, 上川 明保, 志賀 透, 小林 政樹, 小田 勝也, 富田 孝史, 柿沼 太郎, 佐竹 健治, 七山 太, 鎌滝 孝信, 平田 賢治, 河田 恵昭, 深澤 良信, 越村 俊一, 秦 康範, 東井 裕介

    津波工学研究報告 (21) 1-237 2004年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  141. 18. 大規模津波発生時に津波が係留船舶へ及ぼす影響について(G.大都市大震災軽減化特別プロジェクトなど,口頭発表)

    久保 雅義, 榊原 繁樹, 小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 水井 真治

    地域安全学会梗概集 (14) 65-68 2004年

    出版者・発行元:地域安全学会事務局

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    In usual, ports and harbors planning are conducted without considerations of tsunami because of its long return periods, such as over 100 years. However, recently it is warning that the Nankai and Tounankai Earthquake are anticipated to surely occur in 30 years. These earthquakes involve the large scaled tsunami. Thus the surrounding circumstances of port and harbor are changing, so we cannot ignore the tsunami that is neglected in the port and harbor planning until now. We must correspond to the warnmg.The counteimeasures will be wide and contain many kinds. In this papa; we consider the effect of the tsunami on ports, especially on moored ships at large scaled tsunami.

  142. 2003年十勝沖地震津波に関する現地調査

    高橋智幸, 今村文彦, 谷岡勇市郎, 西村裕一, 松冨英夫, 長谷川洋平, 小林政樹, 上川明保, 七山太, 眞坂精一, 藤間功司, 原田賢治, 越村俊一, 富田孝史

    海岸工学論文集 第51巻, pp.1356-1360 2004年

  143. 津波の数値解析技術とその応用

    越村 俊一

    非破壊検査 52 (7) 344-348 2003年7月1日

    出版者・発行元:日本非破壊検査協会

    ISSN:0367-5866

  144. 米国Washington州西部Puget Soundにおける歴史津波の検証 (総特集 歴史・先史津波と津波堆積物)

    越村 俊一, Mofjeld Harold O.

    月刊地球 24 (10) 704-709 2002年10月

    出版者・発行元:海洋出版

    ISSN:0387-3498

  145. 三陸沿岸における2001年6月ペルー津波

    首藤 伸夫, 中丸 憲一, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 19 63-71 2002年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  146. The June 23, 2001 Peruvian Earthquake Tsunami : A Report from the International Tsunami Survey Team 2001 and Numerical Modeling

    KOSHIMURA Shunichi

    津波工学研究報告 19 53-62 2002年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0916-7099

  147. Vanuatu survey data aids study of earthquake and tsunami

    J. P. Caminade, Douglas Charlie, Utku Kanoglu, Shunichi Koshimura, Hideo Matsutomi, Andrew L. Moore, Christophe Ruscher, Costas Synolakis, Tomoyuki Takahashi

    Earth in Space Vol.13, No.8, p.1-16 2001年

  148. 1999年8月トルコ・コジャエリ地震に伴って発生した津波の現地調査と数値解析

    今村 文彦, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 (17) 65-77 2000年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科災害制御研究センター

    ISSN:0916-7099

  149. 4.遠地津波の伝播の特性(チリ津波40周年 : 何をもたらし, 何がかわったか?)

    越村 俊一

    自然災害科学 19 (3) 288-291 2000年

    出版者・発行元:自然災害科学会

    ISSN:0286-6021

  150. 環太平洋での津波数値予報システムの開発と危険度の評価

    越村 俊一

    財団法人建設工学研究振興会年報 34 139-140 1999年4月1日

    出版者・発行元:東北大学

    ISSN:0288-9994

  151. 海嶺上を伝播する津波の挙動特性に関する理論的研究

    越村 俊一, 今村 文彦, 首藤 伸夫

    津波工学研究報告 (16) 99-117 1999年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科災害制御研究センター

    ISSN:0916-7099

  152. 1995年10月喜界島地震津波に関する調査報告

    今村 文彦, 高橋 智幸, 越村 俊一

    津波工学研究報告 (13) 53-80 1996年3月

    出版者・発行元:東北大学大学院工学研究科災害制御研究センター

    ISSN:0916-7099

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

書籍等出版物 6

  1. 東日本大震災調査報告 共通編 津波の特性と被害

    東日本大震災合同調査報告書編集委員会

    東日本大震災合同調査報告書編集委員会 2014年6月13日

  2. Tsunami - To survive from tsunami

    Susumu Murata

    World Scientific 2010年1月30日

  3. TSUNAMI 津波から生き延びるために

    沿岸技術研究センター

    2008年12月

  4. 津波の事典

    首藤伸夫, 今村文彦, 越村俊一, 佐竹健治, 松冨英夫

    朝倉書店 2007年11月

    ISBN: 9784254160505

  5. 計算力学ハンドブック

    今村文彦, 越村俊一

    朝倉書店 2007年5月25日

  6. 地震防災のはなし

    越村俊一

    朝倉書店 2006年7月10日

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

講演・口頭発表等 92

  1. 令和6年能登半島地震発生後の人流変化

    永田彰平, マス・エリック, 武田百合子, 越村俊一

    2024年日本地理学会春季学術大会 2024年3月19日

  2. 災害デジタルツインの構築に向けて 招待有り

    越村俊一

    日本計算機統計学会第37回シンポジウムら 2023年11月11日

  3. Catastrophic Tsunami Disaster - Its Impact, Disaster Response, and Mitigation - 国際会議 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    International Workshop on Maritime Disasters Measures, 2023 Global Cooperation and Training Framework (GCTF) 2023年10月17日

  4. Building damage classification using remote sensing and domain adaptation approach for rapid assessment

    Sesa Wiguna, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    AIWEST-DR 2023 2023年10月11日

  5. Breaking the Wall of Tsunami Warning - Developing Tsunami Digital Twin -

    Shunichi Koshimura

    UW-TU:AOS Fall Workshop 2023 2023年9月21日

  6. 津波により引き起こされる壊滅的災害とその減災に向けて 招待有り

    越村俊一

    持続可能な社会のための科学と技術に関する国際会議2023「壊滅的災害に対してレジリエントで持続可能な社会への変革」 2023年9月7日

  7. Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami disaster 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    XXX Coneic Lima 2023 (Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes de Ingenieria Civil) 2023年8月22日

  8. Real-time Anomaly Detection in Population Data from Mobile Spatial Statistics for Disaster Mitigation

    Erick MAS, Shunichi KOSHIMURA

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 2023年8月2日

  9. Optimization of Offshore Tsunami Gauge Configuration with Robust Principal Component Analysis

    Saneiki FUJITA, Reika NOMURA, Yu OTAKE, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Shuji MORIGUCHI, Kenjiro TERADA

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 2023年8月4日

  10. Application of transfer learning techniques to heterogenous data sets for effectively performing tsunami scenario detection

    Reika NOMURA, Yu OTAKE, Shuji MORIGUCHI, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Randall LEVEQUE, Kenjiro TERADA

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 2023年8月4日

  11. Digital Twin and Coastal Problems

    Nobuhito MORI, Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Naotaka YAMAMOTO CHIKASADA, Keiko UDO, Junichi NINOMIYA, Yoshihiro OKUMURA

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 2023年7月31日

  12. Coastal Digital Twin – A New Attempt to Gain Collective Intelligence in Coastal Science and Engineering

    Shunichi KOSHIMURA, Nobuhito MORI, Naotaka YAMAMOTO CHIKASADA, Keiko UDO, Junichi NINOMIYA, Yoshihiro OKUMURA, Erick MAS

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 2023年7月31日

  13. Application of a global-based deep learning damage estimation using remote sensing data to unseen tsunami events 国際会議

    Wiguna, S, Adriano, B, Mas, E, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月15日

  14. Tsunami evacuation of connected and autonomous vehicles using flocking control algorithm 国際会議

    Hachiya, D, Wako, K, Mas, E, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月15日

  15. Extracting cascading consequences of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami using social sensing data 国際会議

    Dong, X, Mas, E, Adriano, B, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月15日

  16. Advances of the lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) in tsunami modeling -present and future 国際会議

    Sato, K, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月15日

  17. Developing a deep learning super-resolution framework for tsunami inundation forecasting 国際会議

    Adriano, B, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月14日

  18. Deep learning of tsunami building damage from multimodal physical parameters for real-time damage assessment 国際会議

    Vescovo, R, Mas, E, Adriano, B, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月14日

  19. Tsunami Digital Twin – A new paradigm for tsunami disaster resilience 国際会議

    Koshimura, S, Mas, E, Adriano, B, Musa, A

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月14日

  20. Real-time mapping of population exposure to tsunami hazard from human mobility data 国際会議 国際共著

    Mas, E, Kataya, S, Kuwahara, N, Takeda, Y, Nagata, S, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月14日

  21. Building damage estimation using RaySAR, a Synthetic Aperture Radar simulator 国際会議 国際共著

    Ho, C. Y, Neuschmidt, H, Mas, E, Adriano, B, Koshimura, S

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 2023年7月14日

  22. Disaster Digital Twin - A Mixed Initiative of Human and Machine for Resilience

    Shunichi Koshimura

    ESRI User Conference 2023 2023年7月11日

  23. Digital twin computing for enhancing resilience of disaster response system 国際会議

    Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas

    EGU General Assembly 2023 2023年4月26日

  24. リモートセンシングによる広域被害把握

    越村俊一

    世界防災フォーラム2023 2023年3月11日

  25. 津波から生き延びる-東日本大震災の教訓の再考- 招待有り

    越村俊一

    世界防災フォーラム2023 2023年3月11日

  26. レジリエンス向上のための災害デジタルツイン

    越村俊一

    世界防災フォーラム2023 2023年3月11日

  27. 国土強靭化のためのリアルタイム災害科学

    越村俊一

    世界防災フォーラム2023 2023年3月10日

  28. A Nation-wide Tsunami Inundation and Damage Forecast System in Japan 招待有り

    越村俊一

    Tour de l'IGS 5th Stop (GNSS for Natural Hazards in the South Pacific) 2023年2月14日

  29. 災害デジタルツインプロジェクト(Disaster Digital Twin 4 National Resilience) 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第2回総合知ウェビナー 総合知の普及と活用による新たな価値の創造 2023年2月2日

  30. 沿岸災害デジタルツインについて 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第15回神戸大学マリンハザード研究会 2023年1月31日

  31. 地震動・津波を受ける道路ネットワークの確率論的接続性の評価法および補強優先度判定への適用

    青木康貴, 布施柚起, 秋山充良, 越村俊一

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月15日

  32. Text Mining of Cascading Effects of Disasters

    Xuanyan Dong, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月16日

  33. Building Damage Features in SAR Imagery using Raytracing Simulation

    Chia Yee Ho, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月16日

  34. 津波浸水域内人口の生存可能性に着目した動的解析

    石垣雅生, Mas Erick, 越村俊一

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月16日

  35. Tsunami Building Damage Representations using Simple Machine Learning Methods

    Ruben Vescovo, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月15日

  36. Understanding Deep Learning Model’s Transferability for Building Damage Classification

    Sesa Wiguna, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月15日

  37. 複数UAVによる災害時緊急支援物資輸送最適化モデルの構築

    蜂屋大樹, Erick Mas, 越村俊一

    日本地震工学会・大会-2022 2022年12月15日

  38. リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システム 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第15回スーパーコンピューティング技術産業応用シンポジウム 2022年12月9日

  39. Real-time tsunami inundation and damage forecast Fusion of real-time sensing and simulation 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    Disaster Preparedness and Digital Technology Seminar (Renton, Washington) 2022年12月6日

  40. 深層学習を用いた河川監視カメラによる水面領域の抽出 −令和4年7月宮城県豪雨における検証−

    上岡 洋平, 橋本 雅和, 越村 俊一

    第51回(2022年度)地域安全学会研究発表会(秋季) 2022年10月30日

  41. 災害レジリエンス共創センターの設置について

    越村俊一, 江川新一

    ぼうさいこくたい2022 2022年10月22日

  42. Assessing tsunami inundation by coupling numerical simulation and machine learning

    Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月30日

  43. On the use of ray tracing to understand building damage in SAR imagery

    Chia Yee Ho, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月30日

  44. Generating multimodal data by fusing physical demand parameters and remote sensing data for tsunami damage estimation

    Ruben Vescovo, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月30日

  45. Transferability assessment of a global model for multi-hazard building damage classification

    Sesa Wiguna, Bruno Adriano, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月30日

  46. Reinforcement learning optimization of emergency relief supply delivery with multi-UAVs

    Daiki Hachiya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月30日

  47. Sequential decision analytics and its application to flood risk reduction and evacuation advisory optimization

    Erick Mas, Zhijie Sasha Dong, Bruno Adriano, Masakazu Hashimoto, Luis Moya, Tatsuhito Kono, Shunichi Koshimura

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月29日

  48. International Cases in Disaster Science: Learning from Tonga, Indonesia, and Japan

    Syamsidik, Paul McCann, Shunichi Koshimura, Ella Meilianda

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月29日

  49. Digital twin computing for enhancing resilience of disaster response system

    Shunichi Koshimura, E. Mas, Shinichi Egawa, Hiroyuki Sasaki

    The 14th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2022年9月29日

  50. Tsunami Hazard Risk Assessment and Forecast under Climate Change 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    Thailand Workshop on “Climate Change in Tropical Zone and Adaptation to Climate Change” 2022年9月16日

  51. Digital Twin Computing for Enhancing Resilience of Disaster Medical System

    Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas, Shinichi Egawa, Hiroyuki Sasaki

    19th Annual Meeting of Asia Oceania Geosciences Society 2022年8月3日

  52. A Numerical Study of the Bulk Viscosity in the Cumulant Lattice Boltzmann Method on Tsunami Impact Pressure

    Kenta Sato, Koji Kawasaki, Shunichi Koshimura

    15th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM-XV) 2022年8月4日

  53. Optimization of offshore gauge configuration for early tsunami forecast with GA and POD

    Saneiki Fujita, Reika Nomura, Shunichi Koshimura, Yu Otake, Shuji Moriguchi, Kenjiro Terada

    15th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM-XV) 2022年8月4日

  54. 津波シナリオの即時同定を目的とした観測位置最適化

    藤田 真粹, 野村 怜佳, 大竹 雄, 越村 俊一, 森口 周二, 寺田 賢二郎

    第25回応用力学シンポジウム 2022年5月28日

  55. リアルタイム災害科学の創成とレジリエンスの数量化

    越村俊一

    ぼうさいこくたい2021 2021年11月6日

  56. リアルタイム津波浸水被害予測システム

    越村俊一

    ぼうさいこくたい2021 2021年11月6日

  57. Real-time Tsunami Inundation Forecast in Japan - Present and Future

    越村 俊一, 日野 亮太, 太田 雄策, 撫佐 昭裕, 鈴木 崇之, 阿部 孝志, 小林 広明

    日本地球惑星科学連合2021年大会 2021年6月6日

  58. Evaluation of Tsunami Inundation Simulation using Vector-Scalar Hybrid MPI on SX-Aurora TSUBASA

    Akihiro Musa, Takashi Soga, Takashi Abe, Masayuki Sato, Kazuhiko Komatsu, Shunichi Koshimura, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    The International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis (SC20) 2020年11月19日

  59. 津波のリアルタイム被害予測 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第116回日本精神神経学会学術総会 2020年9月29日

  60. Real-Time Tsunami Simulations with Surrogate Modeling

    Joseph Mark Galbreath, Reika Nomura, Shuji Moriguchi, Shunichi Koshimura, Kenjiro Terada

    第23回応用力学シンポジウム 2020年5月16日

  61. How Modeling and Simulation Can Help Improve Coastal Communities’ Preparation, Defense, and Recovery from Disaster: Insights from Japan’s Experiences 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    US - Japan Relationship Conference Series 2020年2月18日

  62. Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami disaster and advances of tsunami numerical simulation and risk analysis 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    Seminario Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnolog as del Mar - SENALMAR 2019 2019年10月24日

  63. 津波の被害予測と瓦礫量の推定 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第30回廃棄物資源循環学会 2019年9月19日

  64. Integrating real-time simulation, earth observation, and geo-informatics for assessing tsunami impact 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    27th IUGG General Assembly (International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics) 2019年7月14日

  65. Real-time Tsunami Inundation and Damage Forecasting in Japan - Present and Future 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Takuya Inoue, Yusaku Ohta, Ryota Hino, Akihiro Musa, Yoichi Murashima, Masayuki Kachi, Yoshihiko Sato, Hiroaki Kobayashi

    27th IUGG General Assembly (International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics) 2019年7月12日

  66. Tsunami Inundation Forecasting 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    Building Resilient Nations & Businesses 2019年2月27日

  67. Lidar technology for post-earthquake damage assessment in urban areas 招待有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura, Fumio Yamazaki

    AGU Fall Meeting 2018 2018年12月10日

  68. Large-scale damage assessment and evacuation feasibility I cascading disasters 招待有り

    Erick Mas, Luis Moya, Shunichi Koshimura

    2018年11月28日

  69. Building damage detection from multiple disaster by fusion of remote sensing and numerical simulation of demand parameters 招待有り

    Luis Moya, Erick Mas, Shunichi Koshimura

    International Workshop on Cascading disasters: Theory, Methods and Empirics 2018年11月28日

  70. 東日本大震災の教訓と巨大災害への備え 招待有り

    越村俊一

    平成30年度放射線安全取扱部会年次大会 2018年10月25日

  71. Enhancement of Earth Observation and Modeling for Enhancing Tsunami Disaster Resilience 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    11th Aceh International Workshop and Expo on Sustainable Tsunami Disaster Recovery 2018年10月10日

  72. Paradigm shift of Japan’s tsunami disaster management for enhancing disaster resilience 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    12th International Symposium on Disaster Risk Management 2018年9月16日

  73. Fusion of Sensing and Simulation of Tsunami Damage Assessment Towards Innovation of Disaster Medical System 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Erick Mas

    Asia Oceania Geosciences Society 2018年6月7日

  74. Rapid tsunami inundation and damage forecasting with precise tsunami source model with GNSS data 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    GNSS Tsunami Early Warning System Workshop 2017年7月25日

  75. Tsunami Science and Technologies for Society Implications to Tsunami-Resilient Community 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    World Engineering Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction 2016年12月5日

  76. Disaster Science for Society - Implications to Tsunami-Resilient Community - 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    Disaster Science for Society - Implications to Tsunami-Resilient Community - 2016年9月15日

  77. Recent advances of real-time inundation simulation, damage estimation using tsunami fragility curve and fusion of simulation and remote sensing 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    International Workshop on Asteroid Threat Assessment 2016年8月24日

  78. 広域災害の把握と評価 招待有り

    越村俊一

    土木学会水工学夏期研修会 2016年8月22日

  79. Advances of real‐time simulation, remote sensing, and geo‐informatics in assessing tsunami impact 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    UK-Japan Disaster Research Workshop: Cascading Risk and Uncertainty Assessment of Earthquake Shaking and Tsunami 2016年8月1日

  80. 光学-SAR-Lidar複合利用による津波被災地の広域被害把握とその展望 招待有り

    越村俊一

    第2回先進光学衛星利用ワークショップ 2016年7月28日

  81. Enhancement of Earth Observation and Modeling for Tsunami Disaster Response and Management 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura, Joachim Post

    European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories 2016年6月20日

  82. 東日本大震災の教訓と津波減災に向けてのシミュレーションの課題と展望

    越村俊一

    2016年ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティングと計算科学シンポジウム(HPCS2016) 2016年6月7日

  83. How Modeling and Simulation Can Help Improve Coastal Communities’ Preparation, Defense, and Recovery from Disaster: Insights from Japan’s Experiences 招待有り

    Shunichi Koshimura

    US - Japan Relationship Conference Series 2010年2月18日

  84. Developing Fragility Functions for Tsunami Damage Estimation using Numerical Models and Post-tsunami Survey Data from Banda Aceh, Indonesia 国際会議

    Workshop on Research and Development in Simulation-based Engineering and Science 2007年12月

  85. Research Perspective for Global Tsunami Model to Comprehend the Impact of Great Tsunami Disaster

    International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction 2007年11月

  86. Developing Fragility Functions for Tsunami Damage Estimation using Numerical Model and Satellite Imagery

    International Workshop on Remote Sensing Applications to Natural Hazards 2007年9月

  87. Numerical Modeling of Tsunami Inundation in Banda Aceh, by the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake

    APRU/AEARU Research Syposium 2007年8月

  88. Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment for the city of Banda Aceh using the Tsunami Numerical Model and the Post-tsunanmi Survey Data 国際会議

    International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 2007年7月

  89. リアルタイム観測情報を用いた津波予報の段階的修正法

    海岸工学講演会 2006年11月

  90. Vulnerability estimation in Banda Aceh using the tsunami numerical model and the post-tsunami survey data 国際会議

    4th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Post Disaster Response 2006年9月

  91. インド洋における巨大地震津波災害ポテンシャルの評価

    海岸工学講演会 2005年11月

  92. Remote Sensing, GIS, and Modeling Technologies Enhance the Synergic Capability to Comprehend the Impact of Great Tsunami Disaster 国際会議

    3rd International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Post Disaster Response 2005年9月

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

産業財産権 8

  1. 復旧計画策定装置,復旧計画策定方法および復旧計画策定プログラム

    小阪尚子, 爰川知宏, 越村俊一, 寺田賢二郎

    特許7298840

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

    権利者: 小阪尚子;爰川知宏;越村俊一;寺田賢二郎

  2. 策定装置,策定方法,策定プログラム,策定システム及び端末装置

    小阪尚子, 爰川知宏, 越村俊一, 寺田賢二郎

    特許7298840

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  3. 津波浸水予測システム,制御装置,並列計算機システムの制御方法及びプログラム

    越村俊一, 小林広明, 日野亮太, 太田雄策, 撫佐昭裕, 佐藤佳彦, 村嶋陽一, 鈴木崇之, 井上拓也, 村田泰洋, 加地正明

    特許第6362178号

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  4. 津波浸水予測システム,データ処理サーバ,津波浸水予測の依頼方法及びプログラム

    越村俊一, 小林広明, 日野亮太, 太田雄策, 撫佐昭裕, 佐藤佳彦, 村嶋陽一, 鈴木崇之, 井上拓也, 村田泰洋, 加地正明

    特許第6323880号

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  5. 津波浸水予測システム、制御装置、津波浸水予測の提供方法及びプログラム

    越村俊一, 小林広明, 日野亮太, 太田雄策, 撫佐昭裕, 佐藤佳彦, 村嶋陽一, 鈴木崇之, 井上拓也, 村田泰洋, 加地正明

    特許第6161130号

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  6. 災害評価装置,災害評価方法,及びプログラム

    鍬守直樹, 撫佐昭裕, 金城潤子, 瀧川陽平, 佐藤佳彦, 越村俊一, マス サマネス, エリック アルトゥロ

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  7. 災害評価装置,災害評価方法,及びプログラム

    越村俊一, マスエリック, 鍬守直樹, 撫佐昭裕, 金城潤子, 瀧川陽平

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

  8. 復旧計画策定装置,復旧計画策定方法,及び復旧計画策定プログラム

    小阪尚子, 爰川知宏, 越村俊一, 寺田賢二郎

    産業財産権の種類: 特許権

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題 41

  1. 津波災害デジタルツインの構築とスマート・レジリエンスの実現

    越村俊一

    提供機関:Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

    制度名:SIP (Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program), Smart Network for Disaster Resilience

    研究機関:International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University

    2023年9月 ~ 2028年3月

  2. 理・工・医学の連携による災害医療デジタルツインの開発と医療レジリエンスの再構築

    越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2021年7月 ~ 2026年3月

  3. 沿岸災害デジタルツインの創成に関する研究

    提供機関:Japan Society of Civil Engineers

    制度名:Research Grant for Specially Promoted Research

    研究機関:Tohoku University, Kyoto University

    2023年1月 ~ 2024年2月

  4. レジリエンス強化のための備災マネジメントと南海トラフ地震・津波の影響地域への適用

    秋山 充良, 高橋 良和, 松崎 裕, 越村 俊一, 佐藤 靖彦, 本田 利器

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Waseda University

    2019年4月1日 ~ 2023年3月31日

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    南海トラフ地震による強震動と津波の影響を受ける地域にある橋梁の信頼性評価結果によると,そのハザードレベルの過酷さから,2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震と同等,あるいはそれ以上の深刻な被害が見込まれている.一方,構造物被害を起因とする経済的損失額や道路ネットワークの機能回復に要する日数の算定は,被害の全体像の把握には役立つものの,そのリスク低減や,復旧・復興に要する時間の短縮,つまりレジリエンス強化に貢献するハード的対策の研究例は少ない. 従来,構造物の被害を軽減するためのアプローチは,新設構造物に対しては高度化した耐震設計法を適用することであり,既存構造物に対しては耐震補強を施すことである.しかし,南海トラフ地震による強震動の影響を受けると予想される地域にある既存構造物は,特に市町村レベルにおいて耐震補強が施されていない構造物の割合が高く,昨今の地方自治体の財務状況からも大幅な改善は期待できない.また,津波の影響を受ける地域に置かれる構造物の対津波設計法や既存構造物の補強技術は,まだ開発途上にある. この背景のもと,南海トラフ地震による強震動と津波により,既存橋梁が相当数,損傷・倒壊することを前提として,被災後の状況下でも早期架設が可能な緊急仮設橋をプレキャスト製の鉄筋コンクリート(RC)にて実現するための研究に取り組んだ.開発にあたり,橋梁の急速施工 (Accelerated Bridge Construction,ABC)に関わる米国での技術開発などを参考にした.ABCでは,橋梁建設時にプレキャスト部材を活用することで,施工期間の短縮化や施工により生じる交通渋滞や施工コストの抑制,さらには,現場作業の安全性向上を目指した技術開発が行われている.本研究では,これら既存研究に対して,プレキャスト製のRCブロックを使用し,被災後の状況でも簡易に連結可能な桁構造の開発を行った.

  5. 理・工・医学の連携による津波の広域被害把握技術の深化と災害医療支援システムの革新

    越村 俊一, 江川 新一, 近藤 久禎, マス エリック, 小林 広明, 金谷 泰宏, 太田 雄策, 柴崎 亮介

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2017年5月31日 ~ 2022年3月31日

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    シミュレーションにより即時に被害状況および病院の被害状況を予測し,医療機関の機能維持,病院の支援に資するための予測モデルの構築に取り組んだ.主要な成果は以下の通り. 1) 高分解能津波浸水被害予測シミュレーションの全国展開に向けた高速化・高度化に取り組んだ.津波シミュレーションプログラムに対して,最大4.3倍の性能向上を達成し,シミュレーションの計算領域の最適化と並列処理における負荷分散方法について検討し,全国展開に向けた課題を整理した. 2) GNSSの生データである搬送波位相から直接断層すべりを推定する手法(Phase To Slip, PTS)の高度化による地震時すべり分布推定への適用とその性能評価を実施し,GNSS衛星の精密暦ではなく,放送暦を用いても地震時すべりが正確に推定できることを明らかにした. 3) 携帯電話から継続的に得られる大量の位置情報の解析について,従来からの夜間人口との突き合わせによる補正に加え,鉄道駅の改札口における旅客カウントや高速道路料金所における通過交通量を用いた補正方法を考案した.滞在場所等の推定については,従来の10倍のデータ量を有するターゲット広告による位置データの利用を想定してシステム構築を行った. 4)災害時医療システムH-CRISISを介した災害訓練用シナリオを提供することでシミュレーション計算による人的被害規模に基づいた地域防災計画上の市町村の保健医療対応機能の評価を行った.南海トラフ地震による津波被害への対応が求められる地域において,時系列での人的被害規模に加え東日本大震災における記録を踏まえ発生が見込まれる事案への対応について能力上の課題を検証した. 主な受賞は,科学技術分野の文部科学大臣表彰 科学技術賞(開発部門),第1回 日本オープンイノベーション大賞総務大臣賞の2件.

  6. 理・工・医学の連携による津波の広域被害把握技術の深化と災害医療支援への展開

    越村 俊一, 江川 新一, マス エリック, 小林 広明, 太田 雄策, 柴崎 亮介

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2017年4月1日 ~ 2021年3月31日

  7. 津波災害に対するまちづくりを含めた統合的減災システムの設計・評価と社会実装の検討

    岡安 章夫, 平野 勝也, 北野 利一, 有川 太郎, 河野 達仁, 福谷 陽, 多々納 裕一, 田島 芳満, 高木 朗義, 高橋 智幸, 原田 賢治, 藤見 俊夫, 越村 俊一, 山中 亮一, 羽藤 英二, 安田 誠宏, 尾野 薫, 横松 宗太

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology

    2017年4月1日 ~ 2020年3月31日

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    本研究では,防潮堤や高台移転等の津波・高潮対策による直接的リスク軽減に加え,対策に伴う地域経済・社会の長期変化予測を加味した便益評価を行い,統合的な防災・減災施策の評価手法を開発,最終的に社会合意を形成するプロセスを実装した計画策定手法を提案することを目的としている. 平成29~30年度については,(1) 整備すべき海岸堤防高の検討に必要な情報と考え方の整理(津波に対する地域防災力の総合アセスメント,達成を目指す物理的な防御レベルの設定,海岸防災・減災対策決定プロセスの課題と対案,ハザードとリスクの確率評価に用いられる「確率」の取扱い方),(2) 津波の規模と生起頻度との関係の定量化手法についての検討(津波波源の想定,ロジックツリーモデル,ランダムフェーズモデル),(3) 高潮の確率的推定手法についての検討(全球確率台風モデル,履歴を考慮した確率台風モデルとその適用事例),(4) 氾濫シミュレーションによる浸水深の推定(氾濫シミュレーションの計算条件,津波水位および浸水範囲の時間変化,波源モデルおよび浸水防護施設による浸水範囲の比較),(5) 防護施設の粘り強さの評価方法についての検討(防護施設のフラジリティを用いた浸水評価,粘り強い構造例とシミュレーションの活用),(6) 減災のためのハード・ソフト施策の効果の定量化(費用便益分析を用いた津波ハザードと土地利用計画考慮による最適海岸堤防高の考え方,津波リスク変化に応じた企業立地・人口の変化の把握方法,直接被害の効果計測手法,間接被害の効果計測手法,リスクプレミアムと曖昧性プレミアム,政策実施コスト,防潮堤の外部性の整理とその緩和策),(7) 海岸防災・減災対策決定プロセスの社会実装における課題の整理(新たな手法の意義,現地適用に関する留意点),などについての成果をとりまとめてきた.

  8. InSARによる平常時・災害時の都市インフラ施設の変形計測と被害検知技術の開発

    松岡 昌志, 三浦 弘之, 越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Tokyo Institute of Technology

    2017年4月1日 ~ 2020年3月31日

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    イランのウルミア湖にかかる橋梁を対象に,ALOS, ALOS2, Sentinel-1, TerraSAR-X衛星画像を用いて,長期間にわたる橋梁の沈下変形をSBASにより明らかにした。橋桁の時系列変動について主成分分析を行い,橋梁建設からの経過時期,水深,気温等との関係を検討したところ,第1成分の建設からの経年がもっとも影響があること,第2,第3成分はそれぞれ水位,外気温と相関があることを示し,これらを説明変量とした沈下予測のモデルを構築した。前年度による検討から地震前後のSAR画像のコヒーレンスが低下する地域は液状化に起因した地盤地下とよく対応し,地盤の沈下量が大きいほど,そして,沈下の勾配が大きいほどコヒーレンスは低下し,さらに,不同沈下であればコヒーレンスの値が乱れる傾向があることがわかっている。そこで,2018年9月6日の北海道胆振東部地震の液状化等による地盤被害を観測したSAR画像においてもその傾向があるかを検証し,地震前後ペアにてコヒーレンスの値が低下した地域は液状化被害が報告されている地域や著者らの現地調査とも対応した。液状化に起因した地盤被害地域を視覚的・定量的に抽出するため,コヒーレンス画像を主体として,さらに,強震観測記録および微地形分類図に基づき推定した液状化危険度と地盤の傾斜度を補足的に重畳して求めた液状化ポテンシャル画像を作成し,液状化ポテンシャルが高い地域は液状化被害とよく対応し,旧地形における谷筋および旧河道の位置とも対応することを示した。ライフライン被害推定に関しては,熊本地震の被災地を2つの軌道から観測したSAR画像を用いて,InSAR解析から地盤変位を水平方向と鉛直方向に分解し,変位分布の勾配(地盤ひずみに近似)と熊本地震のガス本支管の被害率との関係を検討し,勾配が大きい地域ほど被害率が高くなることを示した。

  9. リモートセンシングによる津波被害の把握と脆弱性評価

    2019年7月 ~ 2020年3月

  10. 大規模・高分解能数値シミュレーションの連携とデータ同化による革新的地震・津波減災ビッグデータ解析基盤の創出

    2014年 ~ 2020年3月

  11. 次世代コプロセッサの活用によるコミュニティ津波予報システムの構築

    越村 俊一, 撫佐 昭裕

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2016年4月1日 ~ 2019年3月31日

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    大幅な演算性能向上が期待される次世代コプロセッサを活用して,自治体などコミュニティでの自立的・分散的な運用が可能なリアルタイム津波浸水・被害予測システムを構築することを目的とし,計算モデル,計算資源量や予測内容の量と質,および導入するハードウェアについての仕様を明らかにした.計算モデルについては,非線形長波式の差分法による従来のモデルに加え,近年開発が進められている新しい計算法である格子ボルツマン法を検討し,2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の再現計算とその評価を通じて,次世代の数値計算モデルとしての有効性を実証した.

  12. リモートセンシングとソーシャルセンシングの融合による被災地支援策の刷新(国際共同研究強化)

    越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    研究種目:Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2016年 ~ 2019年

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    国連宇宙局およびドイツ航空宇宙センターとの共同研究として,津波災害対応の高度化のためのシミュレーションとリモートセンシングの統合技術の実証と国際展開に向けた研究を推進した.2015年国連防災世界会議において発足したGlobal Partnership on Space-based Technology Applications for Disaster Risk Reduction(GP-STAR)での活動,2017年11月のWorld Bosai Forumでの特別セッション開催を踏まえ,津波の広域被害把握技術としての標準化を提案した. 2018年9月には,国際ワークショップ”Japan/German project definition workshop on Disaster and Risk Management"を主催し,リモートセンシングによる災害の被害把握技術(地震,津波,水害,地滑りなど)に関する最新の研究成果について意見交換,交流を行うことができた. 研究成果としては,津波の広域被害把握のためのリモートセンシングの活用について,浸水域・遡上特性の把握,建物被害の抽出,瓦礫の把握,被災者の探索という課題に着目して,研究の現状と展望を整理し,レビュー論文としてまとめることができた.多様なプラットフォームの利用,センサ性能と分解能の向上,情報通信技術の発展,機械学習・深層学習による画像認識のAI化により,今後の飛躍的な発展が期待できることがわかった.特に,深層学習を活用した衛星画像解析による広域被害把握手法を東日本大震災の被害データを用いた実証することができた.また,LiDARと光学センサ画像を統合利用して,がれき域・体積を直接推定する手法を開発することができた.これにより,広域被害把握だけではなく,その後の復旧活動のモニタリングを通じて被災地の状況を知ることが可能となった.

  13. リアルタイムシミュレーションとリモートセンシングの融合による南米の津波予測高度化

    越村 俊一, ADRIANO ORTEGA BRUNO

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2016年4月22日 ~ 2018年3月31日

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    近年に,南米および日本で発生した地震・津波災害の解析を行い,以下の成果を得た. <BR> まず,2017年9月に発生したメキシコ中部地震(Mw8.2)による津波の解析を行い.沿岸・沖合の津波観測データの逆解析から,波源の推定を行った.その結果,断層破壊域は240km×90kmにおよび,最大の断層滑りは6mに及ぶことが明らかになった.この解析結果により,断層破壊の不均一性について,最も大きな破壊域(すべり量6m)は断層面のほぼ中央に位置し,次に大きな破壊域(すべり量5.5m)は北西端に位置することが判明した.これらの結果から,観測データをリアルタイムで解析して断層破壊メカニズムを明らかにすることで,特に我が国に来襲しうる津波の解析の高度化に有用であることが分かった. <BR> 次に,地震,津波,洪水等による都市域の被災状況を早期に把握するリモートセンシング技術の確立に向け,特に建物被害の量的把握を目的とした機械学習法の検討を行った.様々なセンサによる被害把握結果を早期に開示することで,災害対応における被害把握の迅速化・効率化,復旧過程における正確な被災マップの提供に向けたケーススタディを行った.具体的には,2017年に発生したメキシコ地震(Mw7.1)と2016年熊本地震の建物被害把握について,リモートセンシングデータを分析した.JAXAが観測したALOS-2 PALSAR-2画像を使用し,合成開口レーダーの後方散乱強度の解析から,建物被害状況を把握した.その結果,Lバンド合成開口レーダーを利用した場合,約70%の精度で建物被害地図を作成できることを実証した.

  14. リモートセンシングとソーシャルセンシングの融合による被災地支援策の刷新

    越村 俊一, 奥村 誠, 佐藤 翔輔, 山崎 文雄, 松岡 昌志, 渡邉 学, マス エリック

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2013年4月1日 ~ 2017年3月31日

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    津波浸水予測、建物被害予測、空間情報処理という3つの要素技術を統合して,有効な被災地支援策の立案に資するための広域被害把握の研究を実施した. <BR> 1) 緊急地震速報から最悪の津波シナリオを即時推定する二段階多数シナリオ解析手法を構築し,想定地震へ適用し,有効性を実証した.2)2015年鬼怒川洪水による茨城県常総市を対象とし,ALOS-2/PALSAR-2によって撮影された2時期のSAR画像を用いて,差分処理により浸水域を抽出できることを実証した.3)災害発生後にビッグデータ情報資源として配信されるウェブニュースの情報を縮約して,状況把握を支援する方法を開発し,検証を行った.

  15. 津波・船舶 複合連鎖系解析システム構築

    小林 英一, 田原 裕介, 越村 俊一, 橋本 博公, 米田 翔太, 谷口 裕樹

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Kobe University

    2013年4月1日 ~ 2016年3月31日

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    津波計算の迅速性を改善するため、東日本大震災の知見も加味し効率化を行った。また津波を受けた時に船体に作用する力を精度よく推定するため、数値流体力学を活用し津波来週時の複雑な非定常流場での船体に作用する流体力の推定法について、実験結果との比較などによりその妥当性を確認した。さらに船舶が岸壁に係留されている状態で津波を受けた時の複雑な挙動な推定できる手法を整備した。 この結果、巨大津波が港湾を含む沿岸域に来襲した時の、船舶の避難行動などが解析評価できる津波・船舶 複合連鎖系解析システムが整備でき、津波来週時の船舶にかかる災害の減災にむけた様々な評価が可能となった。

  16. 広域被災地の早期把握を目的としたマルチセンサ画像処理技術の高度化

    松岡 昌志, 三浦 弘之, 越村 俊一, 佐藤 俊明

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Tokyo Institute of Technology

    2013年4月1日 ~ 2016年3月31日

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    本研究では,東日本大震災等および諸外国での被害地震・津波を観測した画像を用いて,既往の被害抽出精度の向上を目的とした新たな画像処理手法の開発を進めると共に,災害対応期における大量かつ複数のセンサから得られる被害抽出手法の統合処理モデルを提案することを目的として,主な成果として,光学画像とSAR画像を統合した津波や洪水の浸水域の抽出手法の構築,複数の航空写真による対象地域の3次元モデルの復元と被害抽出手法を提案した。

  17. 高分解能衛星SAR画像と地理空間情報の融合による災害把握技術の革新

    山崎 文雄, 松岡 昌志, 越村 俊一, 三浦 弘之, 丸山 喜久

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Chiba University

    2012年4月1日 ~ 2016年3月31日

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    本研究では,災害発生前に得られる光学センサ画像,数値標高データ,GISデータなどの空間基盤情報と,事前・事後に得られるSAR衛星画像を組み合わせた建物被害,浸水域,地殻変動などの抽出手法を開発した.震動による建物倒壊,津波や洪水による建物流出や浸水,地殻変動量の検出,液状化や盛土崩壊などの地盤災害等を対象とし,2011年東日本大震災,2015年口永良部島火山噴火,2015年ネパール・ゴルカ地震,2015年関東・東北豪雨災害などを事例として,画像解析により精度を検証した.

  18. UAVによる大規模津波・洪水被災地の生存者探索技術の開発

    越村 俊一, 佐藤 遼次, 福岡 巧巳, 林 里美

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2012年4月1日 ~ 2015年3月31日

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    UAVにより得られる光学画像を用いて,被災者を精度良く発見する手法の構築を目的とする.まず,撮影条件を細かく設定した上でUAVを用いて取得された画像を解析対象画像として準備した.次に,それらの画像に対して既存の人検出手法を評価すると共に,解析の一部を撮影条件に合わせて調整することで精度の向上を図った.さらに精度を向上させるために,画像中に存在する線分,人の影,そして人の上半身に着目し,それらを抽出する解析手法,および既存手法の検出結果と組み合わせるための手順を構築した.最終的に得られた検出結果を画像の撮影条件との関係から整理し,人検出に適した撮影方法や画像の諸元について明らかにした.

  19. 台風30号(ヨランダ)による強風・豪雨・高潮の複合災害の広域被害把握とマッピング

    2014年 ~ 2015年

  20. 津波防災におけるグローバル・スタンダードとなりえる新たな大規模ハードウェアの開発

    高橋 智幸, 平石 哲也, 越村 俊一, 徳重 英信

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Kansai University

    2011年11月18日 ~ 2014年3月31日

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    東北地方太平洋沖地震津波による甚大な被害を踏まえた新たな防災ハードウェアとして,津波潜堤を提案した.津波潜堤は沿岸部に来襲する津波の水平方向および鉛直方向の流速を転向させ,津波自身の物理的性質を利用して減勢させる構造とした.従来の津波対策構造物の同津波による被災事例や減勢効果について調べた上で,水工学的な視点から津波潜堤の幾何学的形状を設計した.そして,水理実験および三次元数値解析により減勢効果を評価した.さらに実用化を踏まえてコンクリート構造物としての要件を検討した.

  21. ミレニアム津波ハザードの総合的リスクと被災後の回復過程の評価

    今村 文彦, 後藤 和久, 松本 秀明, 越村 俊一, 牧 紀男, 高橋 智幸, 小岩 直人, 菅原 大助, 都司 嘉宣, 都司 喜宣

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2010年4月1日 ~ 2014年3月31日

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    千年に一度程度発生する低頻度巨大津波災害であるミレニアム津波ハザードの事例を取り挙げ,災害史学から明らかにされる史実に加え,地質学・堆積学・地形学・地震学など科学的な手法に基づいて補完することで,沖縄および東北地方でのミレニアム津波ハザード評価を検討した.まず,八重山諸島において津波で打ち上がったサンゴ化石(津波石)の分布調査および解析により,1771年明和津波に加え,850,1100 yrBPの2期存在する可能性が示された.さらに,仙台平野でも学際的な調査を行い,869年貞観地震津波に加え,1260や2050yrBPされた.2011年東日本大震災で得られた津波被害関数などの検討も実施した.

  22. GPS海洋ブイを用いた革新的海洋・海底総合防災観測システムの開発

    寺田 幸博, 加藤 照之, 越村 俊一, 永井 紀彦, 川口 浩二, 富田 孝史, 河合 弘泰, 永井 紀彦, 高川 智博, 辰巳 大介, 西村 史睦, 今田 成之

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究機関:Kochi National College of Technology

    2009年5月11日 ~ 2014年3月31日

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    津波を沖合で検知するGPS津波計の開発を進めている.これまでに実用された計測システムをより沖合に展開するには,GPS測位法の改良と陸上へのデータ伝送方法の改良が必要であった. まず、GPS海洋ブイ上で取得できるGPSデータだけで精密に単独測位出来る測位法を明らかにした.次に,準天頂衛星初号機「みちびき」と技術試験衛星VIII型「きく8号」を用いて,ブイ上で津波データを求めて,その結果を伝送出来ることを示した.これらの技術開発に基づいて,世界の大洋のどこにでも設置出来るGPS津波計測システムを室戸岬沖の実験機で実証的に提示した.

  23. グローバルスケールの津波災害インパクトの即時的開示と国際災害救援活動への新展開

    越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2010年4月1日 ~ 2013年3月31日

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    巨大地震災害発生直後の津波災害インパクトの即時的開示を目標とした広域被害把握技術の体系を構築した.広域被害把握までの流れは,数値解析と津波被害関数による浸水域内建物棟数および被害棟数の推定,衛星画像解析による津波浸水状況の把握,浸水域内建物棟数の推計,航空写真の判読による建物被害の把握,航空写真・衛星画像による瓦礫量の把握という,4つの技術で構成する.本研究では,2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震津波災害を事例として上記研究の実証を行い,その有効性と課題を明らかにすることができた.

  24. 津波・船体運動計算の連成化研究

    小林 英一, 越村 俊一, 田原 裕介, 木村 安宏

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Kobe University

    2009年 ~ 2011年

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    海溝型大型地震に伴い津波が発生するがこれは湾内では緩やかな水位上昇と水平流れという現象となるがこのような状態での船舶挙動解析については従来十分な検討がされていなかった。本研究では津波を受けた状態での港湾での船舶の動的挙動を数値流体力学手法を用いて評価するシステムを作成し、津波来襲時の船舶の係留状態、離接岸状態など、従来の手法では適切に評価することが難しかった状況について解析評価できるようにした。

  25. GPUコンピューティングによる津波予報技術の革新と制度設計

    越村 俊一, 林 豊

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2009年 ~ 2011年

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    次世代津波速報のためのGPUコンピューティング技術の基盤を構築し, 全国を対象とした津波到達前予測を踏まえたシミュレーション拡張の技術的要件を明らかにした. 日本近海で発生するいかなる地震津波に対しても到達前に計算を終了させて津波到達時間・沿岸津波高・浸水域・浸水深・家屋被害棟数・津波継続時間を予測することを目標とし, 低コストかつ実用的なシミュレーションシステムを, 2種類のGPUを用いて試作し, 実用化するための技術的要件を明らかにした

  26. 巨大複合災害とその減災戦略

    河田 惠昭, 越村 俊一, 牧 紀男, 福和 伸夫, 中林 一樹, 広瀬 弘忠, 林 春男, 鈴木 進吾

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)

    2007年 ~ 2011年

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    地震・津波・台風・原子力災害等の同時的発生により、被害が巨大化し、復旧・復興が困難になる巨大複合災害の発生シナリオを検討した。自然科学の観点からは、複数地震の発生や都市域の津波氾濫、地震と高潮の複合時の被害拡大過程を、社会科学の観点からは、リスク感やリスク情報に対する人々の反応、少子高齢時代の復旧復興、首都における複雑な問題構造、各自治体の対応状況を明らかにし、複合災害への対策提言を行った。

  27. デジタルアース時代に対応した津波被災地認定技術の開発と認定結果公開手法の検討

    越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2007年 ~ 2009年

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    本研究では,巨大津波災害発生直後の迅速な被害の推計/把握を目的とし,津波数値解析,人口統計を用いたGIS分析,および高分解能衛星画像によるリモートセンシング技術を融合した「津波被災地認定技術の基盤を築き,評価結果の公開手法を検討した.本研究で開発した被災地認定手法を,2004年以降の巨大地震津波災害に適用し,その国際災害救援における意義や課題について検討した.

  28. 2004年インド洋大津波の被害実態を考慮した新しい津波工学の展開

    今村 文彦, 箕浦 幸治, 宮城 豊彦, 松本 秀明, 越村 俊一, 牧 紀男, 高橋 智幸, 後藤 和久, 小岩 直人, 菅原 大助, 柳沢 英明

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2006年 ~ 2009年

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    2004年インド洋津波の実態調査を元に,沿岸環境も含めた総合的な減災を目指す新しい津波工学の分野を模索した.被災後5年間のフィールド調査結果を基に,Fragility関数を用いた津波被害推定手法の提案,流れによる漂流物や土砂移動の実態と予測モデル,さらには,マングローブなどの植生による減災効果とその限界,最後に,浸食や堆積などの地形変化も含めた沿岸環境へのインパクトと回復過程の状況を定量的に検討する事が出来た.被害実態や推定に基づく復旧・復興の視点を含めたこれらの成果は,低頻度大被害をもたらせる津波への備えや軽減技術に活かされると期待できる.

  29. 長期的津波監視の維持を重視した総合的津波防災戦略モデルの提案と発展途上国への導入

    目黒 公郎, 越村 俊一, 高島 正典, 近藤 伸也, 村尾 修, 庄司 学

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:The University of Tokyo

    2006年 ~ 2009年

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    本研究は,津波災害経験の乏しい発展途上国を主な対象として,効果的な津波防災対策を実施する際に必要な総合的な津波防災戦略のモデルを提案するとともに,いくつかの発展途上国への具体的な導入考えた場合の課題を整理した上で,津波警報システムを構築するものである.その結果、津波を探知し,警報を出し,住民を避難させるまで,総合的に支援するシステムを長期的に維持する基盤が整った.

  30. 大規模広域災害を想定した新しい防災教育技法の開発に関する研究

    矢守 克也, 吉川 肇子, 渥美 公秀, 越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Kyoto University

    2006年 ~ 2008年

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    大規模広域災害に効果的に対応するため、子どもから高齢者までを含む一般の地域住民、および、地方自治体の一般職員を対象にした防災教育技法を開発した。その上で、実践場面でそれらの有効性を検証するとともに、教育学、心理学、社会学的見地から、その意義を理論的に位置づけた。また、こうした研究を、自然科学と社会科学を融合した形式で進めることの意義と課題についても理論的な検討を行った。

  31. GPSブイを用いた津波・波浪防災システムの総合的研究

    加藤 照之, 寺田 幸博, 永井 紀彦, 越村 俊一, 清水 勝義, 富田 孝史, 河合 弘泰

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    研究機関:The University of Tokyo

    2005年 ~ 2008年

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    海洋ブイにGPSを搭載し,津波の早期検知や波浪防災に資する研究を行った.沿岸から20kmを超える海域でも高い精度で海面変動をとらえられる目途を付けることができた.このほか次世代ブイに向けた基礎データの収集,沿岸住民への情報提供,気象観測装置の搭載による総合観測ステーションとしての実利用に道を開くことができた.また,数値シミュレーションとの併用による津波予測の高精度化に関する基礎的な検討を行った.

  32. 災害リモートセンシング 競争的資金

    制度名:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    2006年5月 ~

  33. 津波予警報システム 競争的資金

    制度名:The Other Research Programs

    2005年5月 ~

  34. 新たな津波被害スケールに基づく広域津波災害時の連携情報システムの開発

    越村 俊一

    2004年 ~ 2005年

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    広域津波災害発生直後に沿岸部自治体(府県・市町村)が行う初動対応の意志決定を支援する津波防災情報システムを構築した.東海地方から九州にかけての沿岸部において発生する巨大地震を想定し,以下の要求仕様を満足するシステムのプロトタイプを開発し試験運用を行った.(1)津波発生直後にリアルタイムでシミュレーションを実行し,特に最大津波高さ,最大流速を表示すること.(2)津波の予測情報と観測情報を一元集約して表示すること. 次に,巨大津波発生直後に津波災害が社会に与える影響度や地域の津波災害に対する脆弱性を評価する指標として,津波影響人口PTE(Potential Tsunami Exposure)を提案した.2004年のスマトラ沖地震津波災害に適用した結果,この津波災害によるインド洋の津波影響人口PTEは,インド洋沿岸部に来襲する4.09m以上の津波に対して推算すると2005年2月時点の死者・行方不明者数297,046人とほぼ一致することが分かった. スンダ海溝に沿って発生し得るM9クラスの巨大地震の4シナリオを想定し,インド洋の津波災害ポテンシャルの評価を行った.それぞれのシナリオに対してPTEを算定した結果,ベンガル湾に向かうシナリオ(1)の津波が最も甚大な人的被害を及ぼし得ることが分かった.2004年型と同じ規模で津波が発生した場合,5.7m以上の津波に対するPTEは70万人以上におよぶため,2004年のケースが必ずしもインド洋における最悪のイベントになるとは限らないことが示された.

  35. 災害情報による認知・学習機能と避難行動に関する基礎研究

    今村 文彦, 片田 敏孝, 牛山 素行, 越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Tohoku University

    2003年 ~ 2005年

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    人間は知覚機能などを通じて外的な脅威に関する情報と自分の現在の状況を収集し,その相互関係で危険を認識する.さらに,避難行動の際にも経路の状況を判断して,より安全に避難場所へ移動しようとする.このような知覚機能を重点に置き情報と人間行動の関係を検討することを目的とした.研究の中で,過去の災害データ,ハザードマップ,体験型学習,避難訓練を通じて,住民や行政担当者にどのようにして認知されそれが知識化し,どの位の期間まで記憶化されるのかを調査研究を行った.その中で,2003年5月の宮城県沖の地震では,三陸沿岸各地で震度4〜6弱が観測され津波襲来が直ちに懸念されたが,津波を意識して避難した住民は,全体のわずか1.7%であった.この要因を把握するため,住民の避難行動とその意識的背景を分析した結果,避難の意思決定を避難情報や津波警報に過度に依存する姿勢や,正常化の偏見による危険性の楽観視,過去の津波経験による津波イメージの固定化といった住民意識の問題点が明らかとなった.このような現状を踏まえ災害情報の受取側の課題を解決するために,津波災害を対象に地域および学校での2種類の取り組みを実施した.1つは,住民参加型の津波防災サイン検討会における住民参加型防災対策の実施であり,地域住民のみならず観光客も対象とした津波避難サインの設置を目指した.もう1つは,体験・参加型の学校での学習である.いずれも,課題を解決する内容を含んでいるものの,既存の活動や教育プログラムに取り込む方法や継続的な内容にする工夫が必要であることが分かった.

  36. 大規模水害に対する都市の危機管理のための総合シナリオ・シミュレータの開発

    片田 敏孝, 真野 明, 今村 文彦, 賤田 純作, 越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Gunma University

    2003年 ~ 2005年

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    本研究では、洪水氾濫解析、災害情報伝達、避難行動の3つのサブモデルが連動することによって機能する災害総合シナリオシミュレータの開発を目指した。上記のサブ・モデルは、GISをベースとしたシミュレーションシステムでその入力情報を管理すると同時に、計算結果もGISに格納し連携させることで、サブ・システム間のデータ受け渡しや計算結果のビジュアル化を実現している。 都市施設や土地利用にシナリオ想定を可能にした市街地洪水氾濫解析システムの構築については、東海豪雨解析システム構築のための基礎情報の収集を行う一方で、関連する基礎技術を開発するためレーダーアメダスを用いた流出解析技術の開発や破堤氾濫の大きな要因となるパイピングの発達過程の検討を行った。また、洪水氾濫流と家屋被害の関係構造について、平成16年新潟豪雨災害を事例として検討を行った。 情報収集・伝達体制と住民の情報伝達行動にシナリオ想定を可能にした情報伝達解析システムの構築については、台風の接近過程での住民や行政の情報取得実態、利用実態を明らかにし、それらの行動について形成メカニズムを明らかにした。また、住民の情報取得実態、利用実態については、新潟豪雨災害を事例として、流域認識とそれによるリスク認知との関係を明らかにした。 洪水氾濫,情報伝達と連動した避難行動シミュレーション・システムの構築については、その前提として必要になる避難意思決定を中心に研究を遂行し、プロトタイプの意思決定モデルの構築を行った。 災害シナリオシミュレータは、従来の研究で蓄積を有していた津波災害を対象に先行的に開発し、それを河川洪水について適用を試みた。また、システム開発に際しては、データフォーマットや計算処理の効率化、住民の対応行動についての調査結果の反映を図った。

  37. フィリピンを事例とした発展途上国の開発と防災戦略・戦術

    河田 惠昭, 林 春男, 柄谷 友香, 寶 馨, 中川 一, 越村 俊一, 佐藤 寛, 渡辺 正幸, 角田 宇子

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:KYOTO UNIVERSITY

    2002年 ~ 2005年

    詳細を見る 詳細を閉じる

    フィリッピンのイロコス・ノルテ州を流れるラオアグ川を対象として,発展途上国の開発と防災戦略の事例研究を実施した.この州とラオアグ市にとってはコンクリート製の連続堤防はいくつかの点で歓迎すべき構造物である.それは,台風のたびに発生していた洪水や浸水から開放されること,第二に旧河道や氾濫原において氾濫を」前提としない開発が可能になること,第三に頻繁な維持管理を必要としない構造物は,行政の維持管理能力の低さを補うことができることである.しかし,異常な想定外の外力が働いた場合,氾濫を前提としない開発や生活が被災し,未曾有になる恐れがある.援助側の技術者は,非構造物対策,すなわち,1)構造物を長期にわたって維持管理するための対策,2)住民の防災意識を高めるための対策,3)気象情報の収集と伝達,危険地域の把握,避難勧告など被害抑止のための対策,4)救援活動など被害軽減のための対策が含まれることを知らなければならない.すべての対策において,援助が何らかの役割を果たすためには,まず行政や住民の災害への対応の現状と過去を知る必要がある.調査期間中,台風が来襲し,堤防が決壊し被害が発生した.その原因としては,堤防建設技術の未熟さが指摘でき,防災構造物建設のための必要な知識や技術の取得と移転,実際の建設時における遵守など,構造物を根付かせるための対策も援助側は考えなければならないことがわかった.援助側の技術者は,非構造物対策を考慮に入れた上で,どのような構造物が地域に根付くかを計画する必要がある.そのためには社会を研究している専門家の参加を得て,地域の履歴を知ることは開発援助ではとくに重要である.それは,1)記憶の蓄積と共有化,2)被災者像,3)防災意識の向上の過程,4)防災対策の有無,5)被災者の生活・生計を誰が助けたのか,6)復旧における住民の労働力提供の有無を調べることは価値がある.

  38. 遠地津波の特性を考慮した津波予報の抜本的改良

    首藤 伸夫, 今村 文彦, 越村 俊一

    提供機関:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    制度名:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究種目:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    研究機関:Iwate Prefectural Uriversity

    2002年 ~ 2004年

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    大洋を伝播して沿岸部に来襲する遠地津波の予報精度向上を目指し,本研究グループは,(1)外洋から大陸棚に入射した遠地津波の多重反射と津波エネルギーの捕捉・減衰特性の解明,(2)リアルタイム観測情報を用いた津波波源域の推定,(3)津波伝播途上における波数分散効果の解明の3点について,研究を行った. (1)では,外洋から陸棚斜面に入射した津波の伝播・減衰特性を理論的に解析した.岸沖方向に有限な陸棚斜面を想定し,沖合からの任意の入射波形に対する斜面上の津波伝播を表す理論解を求め,さまざまな入射条件において得られた理論解を整理し,特に斜面上における津波の多重反射現象に着目し,津波の捕捉・増幅・減衰特性に関する知見を得た. (2)では,従来からの地震波解析から得られる震源過程の情報に加えて,観測される津波の波形から津波波源域の空間的な諸量をリアルタイムで推定する手法を開発した.地震波解析から即時的に得られる震源要素は,震央位置,震源深さ,マグニチュード,メカニズム解である.これらの情報に加え,津波の解析を行うためには断層面の空間的な広がりを知る必要があった.従来までは余震観測により断層面の空間スケールを決定していたが,これでは津波の量的な予報には間に合わない.断層の空間スケールが発生する津波の波形に反映されることに着目し,津波の観測波形から断層面の幅と長さをリアルタイムで推定することにより,最大でも20%以内の誤差で波源推定が可能であることを示した. (3)では,特に遠地津波の予測に重要な波数分散効果を,津波発生域から遡上までのすべての伝播過程において評価できる数値モデルを開発し,日本海中部地震津波の再現を試みた結果,従来では困難であったソリトン分裂による津波増幅を良好に再現できることが分かった.

  39. 環太平洋を対象としたリアルタイム津波数値予報システムの開発

    越村 俊一

    2001年 ~ 2001年

  40. 環太平洋遠地津波の数値予報実用化に関する研究

    越村 俊一

    1998年 ~ 1999年

  41. 津波の伝播・遡上の理論と数値解析 競争的資金

    1996年4月 ~

︎全件表示 ︎最初の5件までを表示

Works(作品等) 2

  1. TRUSTシステム(広域津波情報連携システム)

    2004年11月 ~

    作品分類: コンピュータソフト

  2. GPS津波計

    高知県室戸岬沖で計測実験を行った 2004年4月11日 ~

    作品分類: その他

その他 3

  1. 我が国およびASEAN諸国の災害救援活動の迅速性を飛躍的に向上させるリアルタイム津波被災地認定技術の開発

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    リアルタイム津波シミュレーション、リモートセンシング、GISという3つの先端技術を統合し、いかなる場所で巨大地震津波が発生しても、48時間以内に浸水域分布・被害建物数・予想被災者数の分布を推定し、被災地の認定を行う「津波被災地認定技術」を開発する。この技術は、我が国およびASEAN諸国における国際協力の枠組みでの災害救援・復旧活動の初動体制の迅速な確立を支援するものであり、産業技術総合研究所のIT基盤GEO Gridのマッピングインターフェース を通じて国際社会で共有するとともに、国際災害救援活動にあたる機関が使用す ることを前提に技術の標準化を図る。

  2. 日本周辺で発生する津波を対象とした環太平洋情報ネットワークの開発

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